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- / Forecast horizon is 20 quarters and refers to the levels of the series. Confidence intervals are constructed using Kilian’s (1998) bootstrapping technique Figure 1: Economic Growth Rates – South Africa, the US, Common Component -6.00 -4.00 -2.00
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- Japan Real Effective exchange rate, 2000 = 100, ULC-based 1 l 3
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- q ik S λ and, therefore, the shock associated with is the first principal component shock. Q is the matrix of eigenvectors of , ( , , …, ), where ( is the eigenvector corresponding to the principal component shock. Along the lines of Uhlig (2003), Eickmeier (2007), and Altig and others (2002), it is posed: to
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- See Peersman (2005) for more technical details.
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- Uhlig (2003) shows that two shocks are sufficient to explain 90 percent of the variance at all horizons of real US GNP.
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- United Kingdom Labour productivity of the total economy \ Index 2000 1 l 3
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- United Kingdom Real Effective exchange rate, 2000 = 100, ULC-based 1 l 3
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- United Kingdom Unit labour cost of the manufacturing sector \Index 2001 1 l 3
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- United Kingdom Unit labour cost of the total economy \ Index 2000 1 l 3
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- United Kingdom Wage rate of the manufacturing sector, hourly earnings \Index 2001 1 l 3
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- World Commodity Industrial Inputs Price Index, 1995 = 100, includes Agricultural Raw Materials and Metals Price Indices 0 l 1 Note: Interger of order 0 = 0, 1 = 1, 2 = 2; natural log variables = l, no transformation =nl Treatment 0 = no transformattion; 1 = logarithm; 2 = first difference; 3 = first difference of logarithm
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- World Commodity Metals Price Index, 1995 = 100, includes Copper, Aluminum, Iron Ore, Tin, Nickel, Zinc, Lead, and Uranium Price Indices 1 l 3
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- World Commodity Non-Fuel Price Index, 1995 = 100, includes Food and Beverages and Industrial Inputs Price Indices 1 l 3
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