Generative AI on Vertex AI quotas and system limits

This page introduces two ways to consume generative AI services, provides a list of quotas by region and model, and shows you how to view and edit your quotas in the Google Cloud console.

Overview

There are two ways to consume generative AI services. You can choose pay-as-you-go (PayGo), or you can pay in advance using Provisioned Throughput.

If you're using PayGo, your usage of generative AI features is subject to one of the following quota systems, depending on which model you're using:

  • Models earlier than Gemini 2.0 use a standard quota system for each generative AI model to help ensure fairness and to reduce spikes in resource use and availability. Quotas apply to Generative AI on Vertex AI requests for a given Google Cloud project and supported region.
  • Newer models use Dynamic shared quota (DSQ), which dynamically distributes available PayGo capacity among all customers for a specific model and region, removing the need to set quotas and to submit quota increase requests. There are no quotas with DSQ.

To help ensure high availability for your application and to get predictable service levels for your production workloads, see Provisioned Throughput.

Quota system by model

The following models support Dynamic shared quota (DSQ):

The following legacy Gemini models support DSQ:

  • Gemini 1.5 Pro
  • Gemini 1.5 Flash

Non-Gemini and earlier Gemini models use the standard quota system. For more information, see Vertex AI quotas and limits.

Tuned model quotas

Tuned model inference shares the same quota as the base model. There is no separate quota for tuned model inference.

Text embedding limits

Each request can have up to 250 input texts (generating 1 embedding per input text) and 20,000 tokens per request. Only the first 2,048 tokens in each input text are used to compute the embeddings. For gemini-embedding-001, the quota is listed under the name gemini-embedding.

Embed content input tokens per minute per base model

Unlike previous embedding models which were primarily limited by RPM quotas, the quota for the Gemini Embedding model limits the number of tokens that can be sent per minute per project.

Quota Value
Embed content input tokens per minute 5,000,000

Vertex AI Agent Engine limits

The following limits apply to Vertex AI Agent Engine for a given project in each region:
Description Limit
Create, delete, or update Vertex AI Agent Engine per minute 10
Create, delete, or update Vertex AI Agent Engine sessions per minute 100
Query or StreamQuery Vertex AI Agent Engine per minute 60
Append event to Vertex AI Agent Engine sessions per minute 300
Maximum number of Vertex AI Agent Engine resources 100
Create, delete, or update Vertex AI Agent Engine memory resources per minute 100
Get, list, or retrieve from Vertex AI Agent Engine Memory Bank per minute 300

Batch prediction

The quotas and limits for batch inference jobs are the same across all regions.

Concurrent batch inference job limits for Gemini models

There are no predefined quota limits on batch inference for Gemini models. Instead, the batch service provides access to a large, shared pool of resources, dynamically allocated based on the model's real-time availability and demand across all customers for that model. When more customers are active and saturated the model's capacity, your batch requests might be queued for capacity.

Concurrent batch inference job quotas non-Gemini models

The following table lists the quotas for the number of concurrent batch inference jobs, which don't apply to Gemini models:
Quota Value
aiplatform.googleapis.com/textembedding_gecko_concurrent_batch_prediction_jobs 4
If the number of tasks submitted exceeds the allocated quota, the tasks are placed in a queue and processed when the quota capacity becomes available.

View and edit the quotas in the Google Cloud console

To view and edit the quotas in the Google Cloud console, do the following:
  1. Go to the Quotas and System Limits page.

    2. Go to Quotas and System Limits

  2. To adjust the quota, copy and paste the property aiplatform.googleapis.com/textembedding_gecko_concurrent_batch_prediction_jobs in the Filter. Press Enter.
  3. Click the three dots at the end of the row, and select Edit quota.
  4. Enter a new quota value in the pane, and click Submit request.

Vertex AI RAG Engine

For each service to perform retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) using RAG Engine, the following quotas apply, with the quota measured as requests per minute (RPM).
Service Quota Metric
RAG Engine data management APIs 60 RPM VertexRagDataService requests per minute per region
RetrievalContexts API 1,500 RPM VertexRagService retrieve requests per minute per region
base_model: textembedding-gecko 1,500 RPM Online prediction requests per base model per minute per region per base_model

An additional filter for you to specify is base_model: textembedding-gecko
The following limits apply:
Service Limit Metric
Concurrent ImportRagFiles requests 3 RPM VertexRagService concurrent import requests per region
Maximum number of files per ImportRagFiles request 10,000 VertexRagService import rag files requests per region

For more rate limits and quotas, see Generative AI on Vertex AI rate limits.

Gen AI evaluation service

The Gen AI evaluation service uses gemini-2.0-flash as a default judge model for model-based metrics. A single evaluation request for a model-based metric might result in multiple underlying requests to the Gen AI evaluation service. Each model's quota is calculated on a per-project basis, which means that any requests directed to gemini-2.0-flash for model inference and model-based evaluation contribute to the quota. Quotas for the Gen AI evaluation service and the underlying judge model are shown in the following table:
Request quota Default quota
Gen AI evaluation service requests per minute 1,000 requests per project per region
Online prediction requests per minute for
base_model: gemini-2.0-flash		 See Quotas by region and model.

If you receive an error related to quotas while using the Gen AI evaluation service, you might need to file a quota increase request. See View and manage quotas for more information.

Limit Value
Gen AI evaluation service request timeout 60 seconds

When you use the Gen AI evaluation service for the first time in a new project, you might experience an initial setup delay up to two minutes. If your first request fails, wait a few minutes and then retry. Subsequent evaluation requests typically complete within 60 seconds.

The maximum input and output tokens for model-based metrics depend on the model used as the judge model. See Google models for a list of models.

Vertex AI Pipelines quotas

Each tuning job uses Vertex AI Pipelines. For more information, see Vertex AI Pipelines quotas and limits.

What's next