SEO audit: Page Indexing Issues: Navigating Page Indexing Issues: A Critical SEO Audit Checklist Item

1. Introduction to Page Indexing in SEO

Page indexing is a fundamental aspect of search engine optimization (SEO) that can make or break a website's visibility in search engine results. It is the process by which search engines like Google, Bing, and others discover and store web pages to include them in search results. When a page is indexed, it's essentially added to the vast library of the web that search engines draw from when responding to user queries. However, not all pages are indexed equally, and understanding the nuances of page indexing can help SEO professionals ensure their sites rank as highly as possible.

From the perspective of search engines, indexing is a way to provide the most relevant and up-to-date information to users. Search engines use complex algorithms to decide which pages to index and how to rank them. These algorithms take into account factors such as the page's content quality, user engagement, and the number of inbound links from other reputable sites.

On the other hand, SEO professionals view page indexing as a critical step in ensuring their content is visible to their target audience. They employ various strategies to enhance the indexability of their pages, such as optimizing content, improving site structure, and increasing page speed.

Now, let's delve deeper into the intricacies of page indexing with a numbered list that provides in-depth information:

1. Crawling vs. Indexing: It's important to differentiate between crawling and indexing. Crawling is when search engine bots visit a page and analyze its content. However, just because a page is crawled doesn't mean it will be indexed. Indexing is the next step where the search engine decides to include the page in its database.

2. Robots.txt and Meta Tags: Websites can use the robots.txt file and meta tags to communicate with search engine crawlers. These can instruct bots on which pages should or shouldn't be indexed. For example, adding a "noindex" tag to a page's header will tell search engines not to include that page in their indices.

3. Sitemap Submission: A sitemap is an XML file that lists all the important pages of a website. Submitting a sitemap to search engines can facilitate faster and more complete indexing of a site.

4. content quality: High-quality, unique content is more likely to be indexed. Search engines prioritize content that provides value to users, so duplicative or thin content often gets left out of the index.

5. Site Architecture: A well-organized site structure with a clear hierarchy and internal linking helps search engines understand the relationship between pages, which can improve indexing.

6. Mobile-First Indexing: With the rise of mobile browsing, search engines now prioritize the mobile version of a site for indexing and ranking. Ensuring a site is mobile-friendly is crucial for good indexing.

7. Page Speed: Faster loading pages are more likely to be indexed. search engines consider page speed a significant factor because it affects user experience.

8. Social Signals: While not a direct ranking factor, social signals such as shares and likes can indicate content relevancy and quality, which may influence indexing.

9. User Engagement: Metrics like bounce rate and time on site can inform search engines about the quality of a page. Pages with better user engagement may be indexed more favorably.

10. Security: Secure pages (HTTPS) are given preference in indexing over non-secure (HTTP) pages, as they provide a safer experience for users.

Example: Consider a blog post about 'The Best SEO Practices for 2024'. If the post is well-written, provides unique insights, loads quickly, and is shared widely on social media, it's more likely to be indexed. Additionally, if the post is part of a well-structured blog with a clear navigation menu and internal links to other relevant posts, this further enhances its indexability.

Page indexing is a multifaceted process influenced by a variety of factors. By understanding and optimizing these factors, SEO professionals can significantly improve their website's visibility in search engine results.

2. Common Page Indexing Issues and Their Impact on SEO

Page indexing is a cornerstone of search engine optimization (SEO). When search engines like Google index a page, they add it to their catalog of web pages, making it possible for the page to appear in search results. However, common indexing issues can significantly impede a website's visibility and, consequently, its traffic and revenue. Understanding these issues from various perspectives – technical SEO, content creation, and user experience – is crucial for diagnosing and resolving them effectively.

1. Crawl Errors: Search engines use bots to crawl websites, but sometimes these bots encounter errors like 404 (Not Found) or 503 (Service Unavailable). For instance, if a website's server is down temporarily, a 503 error will occur, preventing pages from being indexed.

2. duplicate content: Content that appears on the internet in more than one place can confuse search engines. For example, if product descriptions on an e-commerce site are identical to those on the manufacturer's site, search engines might not index all instances of that content.

3. Noindex Tags: Sometimes, webmasters accidentally leave a 'noindex' tag on a page, instructing search engines not to index it. An example is when a page meant for testing is pushed live without removing the tag.

4. Blocked by Robots.txt: The robots.txt file tells search engine bots which pages or sections of a site to avoid. If incorrectly configured, it can block important pages from being indexed. A common mistake is disallowing entire directories that contain crucial content.

5. Slow Loading Times: Pages that take too long to load can be skipped by search engine bots. A study showed that pages taking longer than 10 seconds to load could see a 123% higher bounce rate, which might signal search engines that the page isn't valuable.

6. Poor Mobile Responsiveness: With mobile-first indexing, search engines prioritize the mobile version of a site. If a site isn't optimized for mobile, it may not be indexed properly. An example is when text is too small to read on a mobile device, leading to poor user experience and potential indexing issues.

7. Soft 404 Errors: These occur when a page is technically not a 404, but it doesn't contain useful content. For example, a page that says "Product not found" without redirecting to a relevant product might be treated as a soft 404.

8. Content Quality: Low-quality content, such as thin content or content with spelling and grammatical errors, can affect indexing. A blog post with only a few sentences offering no real value to the reader might not be indexed.

9. Sitemap Issues: An outdated or incorrectly formatted sitemap can lead to indexing problems. For instance, if a sitemap lists URLs that no longer exist, it can waste crawl budget and cause good pages to be overlooked.

10. Security Issues: Websites with security issues, like hacked content or malware, can be removed from search results to protect users. A website that has been compromised might display content that the owner didn't intend, leading to deindexing.

Addressing these issues requires a multifaceted approach that includes regular audits, monitoring crawl reports in search console tools, and ensuring that the website adheres to best practices for SEO. By doing so, webmasters can improve their site's indexing and, by extension, its SEO performance.

3. The Role of Sitemaps in Ensuring Proper Indexing

Sitemaps play a pivotal role in the SEO ecosystem, acting as a roadmap for search engines to effectively discover and index web pages. They serve as a communication tool between website owners and search engines, providing a hierarchical layout of site content. This is particularly crucial for larger websites with numerous pages, as well as new sites that may not yet have external links. Sitemaps also benefit sites with rich media content, which can be harder for search engines to discover without a clear guide. By meticulously listing URLs, sitemaps enable search engines to crawl a website more intelligently, ensuring that all relevant pages are considered for indexing.

From the perspective of search engines, sitemaps are like an open invitation to explore a site's content. They can prioritize which pages to crawl and index first, based on the structure and metadata provided in the sitemap. For website owners, sitemaps offer the opportunity to indicate which parts of their site are most important, and how often they expect those parts to change. This can influence how search engines allocate their crawling resources, which is especially beneficial for websites that update content frequently.

Here are some in-depth insights into the role of sitemaps in ensuring proper indexing:

1. Facilitating Faster Indexing: Sitemaps can accelerate the indexing process by alerting search engines to all existent pages on a website. For example, a new blog post would be discovered much quicker if included in a sitemap, as opposed to waiting for a search engine to find it through external links or random crawling.

2. improving Content discovery: Websites with deep architecture or pages not well-linked internally may struggle with content discovery. A sitemap acts as a guide, leading search engines to content that might otherwise remain hidden.

3. Enhancing Crawl Efficiency: Search engines have a crawl budget for each website, which is the number of pages they'll crawl within a certain timeframe. A well-organized sitemap helps search engines use this budget more effectively.

4. Supporting Page Prioritization: Through sitemaps, webmasters can assign priority levels to pages, indicating which pages are more critical to be crawled and indexed first.

5. Aiding in the Indexing of Rich Media: Websites that host videos, images, or other forms of rich media can use sitemaps to provide additional details to search engines, such as video running time or image subject matter, which can enhance the visibility of this content in search results.

6. Assisting with International and Multilingual Sites: For websites that target multiple countries or languages, sitemaps can include language and regional tags to help search engines serve the correct version of a page to users based on their location or language preferences.

7. Managing Search Engine Notifications: When a sitemap is updated, it can be resubmitted to search engines, signaling new or changed content and prompting re-crawling.

8. Enabling Efficient Use of meta tags: Meta tags such as 'noindex' can be used in conjunction with sitemaps to control the indexing of specific pages, ensuring that only desired content is indexed.

To illustrate the importance of sitemaps, consider an e-commerce site with thousands of product pages. Without a sitemap, many of these pages might never be discovered by search engines, especially if they are not linked from the site's main navigation. By submitting a sitemap, the site owner ensures that search engines are aware of every product page, which can lead to better visibility in search results and, ultimately, more traffic and sales.

Sitemaps are an essential component of SEO strategy, particularly for large, complex, or new websites. They ensure that search engines can more effectively crawl and index a website's content, which is fundamental to achieving good search visibility and driving organic traffic.

4. Utilizing Robotstxt to Control Page Visibility

Robots.txt is a fundamental tool in the SEO auditor's toolkit, serving as a gatekeeper that instructs search engine bots on which pages or sections of a site should be crawled and indexed. This simple text file, placed at the root of a domain, can have a profound impact on a website's visibility in search engine results. It's a powerful way to prevent over-crawling of certain areas of a site, protect sensitive files from appearing in search results, and manage the crawl budget by directing bots to the most important content. However, its misuse can inadvertently block critical pages from being indexed, leading to significant visibility issues.

From the perspective of a search engine, a correctly configured robots.txt file is a sign of a well-maintained website. Search engines like Google respect the directives found in robots.txt, assuming they're properly formatted and accessible. On the other hand, webmasters view robots.txt as a strategic asset. By carefully crafting the file, they can guide search engine bots to prioritize the indexing of new or updated content, while keeping them away from duplicate, irrelevant, or private pages.

Here's an in-depth look at how to utilize robots.txt effectively:

1. Understanding the Syntax: The syntax of robots.txt is straightforward, but precision is key. The "User-agent" line identifies the bot, while "Disallow" and "Allow" directives specify what cannot and can be crawled, respectively. For example:

User-agent: *

Disallow: /private/

Allow: /public/

This tells all bots (`*`) to avoid the `/private/` directory but crawl the `/public/` one.

2. Blocking Sensitive Content: To prevent confidential areas of your site from appearing in search results, use the `Disallow` directive. For instance, if you have a staging site at `example.com/staging/`, you'd write:

Disallow: /staging/

3. Managing Crawl Budget: Large sites with thousands of pages should use robots.txt to manage their crawl budget. By disallowing low-value pages, you ensure that search engines spend their time on the content that matters. For example, blocking filter or sort parameters in e-commerce sites can be done as follows:

Disallow: /*?sort=

Disallow: /*&filter=

4. Allowing Important Content: Conversely, you can explicitly allow certain bots to access parts of your site that are generally disallowed. If you have a directory that's blocked but contains a valuable subdirectory, you might use:

User-agent: Googlebot

Allow: /private/reports/

5. Wildcard and Pattern Matching: Robots.txt supports wildcard characters, which can be useful for matching patterns. A single asterisk (`*`) represents any sequence of characters, and a dollar sign (`$`) denotes the end of a URL. For example, to block all `.pdf` files, you could use:

Disallow: /*.pdf$

6. Testing Your Robots.txt: Before going live, it's crucial to test your robots.txt file using tools provided by search engines like Google's Robots Testing Tool. This ensures that you're not accidentally blocking important content.

7. Monitoring and Updating: Regularly review your robots.txt file, especially after major site updates or migrations. What worked yesterday may not be optimal today.

By mastering the use of robots.txt, SEO professionals can exert considerable control over a site's search engine visibility, ensuring that only the most valuable content is indexed and displayed to users. Remember, while robots.txt can prevent crawling, it doesn't guarantee that a page won't be indexed if linked from other sites. For that, the `noindex` directive in meta tags should be used in conjunction with robots.txt.

5. Leveraging Server Responses for Indexing Insights

Understanding how search engines interact with your website is crucial for SEO success. One of the key aspects of this interaction is how servers respond to requests from search engine crawlers. These server responses, known as HTTP status codes, offer valuable insights into indexing issues that could be affecting your site's visibility. By leveraging server responses, you can gain a deeper understanding of how search engines perceive your pages, which is essential for diagnosing and resolving indexing problems.

From an SEO auditor's perspective, analyzing server responses is a methodical process that involves checking the HTTP status codes returned by the server when a page is requested. These codes can indicate a variety of situations, from successful page retrieval to redirections or errors. For instance, a 200 status code indicates a successful request, while a 301 suggests a permanent redirect, and a 404 denotes a missing page. Each of these responses provides a different insight into the health of your website from an indexing standpoint.

Here are some in-depth insights into leveraging server responses for indexing:

1. 200 OK - The Gold Standard: A 200 status code means that the page is accessible and indexable. It's the desired response for any page you want to be found in search results. For example, if your product page returns a 200 status, it's likely to be indexed and ranked accordingly.

2. 301 Moved Permanently - The Redirect: When content is moved, a 301 redirect tells search engines that the page has a new permanent location. This is crucial for maintaining link equity and ensuring users and search engines are directed to the correct page. For example, if you've rebranded a section of your site, a 301 redirect from the old URL to the new one will help preserve your SEO efforts.

3. 404 Not Found - The Missing Link: A 404 error indicates that a page doesn't exist. While sometimes unavoidable, too many 404 errors can signal to search engines that your site is not well-maintained, potentially impacting your rankings. For instance, if a popular product is discontinued and the page is removed without a proper redirect, it could result in a 404 error.

4. 503 Service Unavailable - The Temporary Issue: A 503 status code is used when the server is temporarily unable to handle the request, often due to maintenance or overload. It's important to ensure that this status is used correctly to avoid any negative impact on indexing. For example, during a site upgrade, a 503 status can inform search engines that the downtime is temporary, preserving your site's index status.

By carefully monitoring and responding to these server codes, SEO professionals can ensure that search engines are receiving the right signals about their websites. This proactive approach to seo audit can help in identifying and fixing page indexing issues before they escalate, keeping your site visible and competitive in the search rankings. Engaging with server responses is not just about troubleshooting; it's about optimizing the communication between your website and search engines to achieve the best possible indexing outcomes.

6. A Determinant for Page Indexing

Content quality plays a pivotal role in the indexing of web pages by search engines. high-quality content is not only engaging and informative for readers, but it also signals to search engines that a page is valuable and worthy of being indexed. This is because search engines aim to provide users with the most relevant and useful results. Pages that offer rich, well-structured, and original content are more likely to be indexed quickly and rank well.

From the perspective of search engine algorithms, content quality is assessed through various factors such as uniqueness, relevance, clarity, and the use of keywords. Search engines like Google use sophisticated methods to evaluate content, including natural language processing and artificial intelligence to understand and judge the context and quality of the content.

From a user experience standpoint, high-quality content is typically characterized by its ability to satisfy user intent, provide answers, and offer a pleasant reading experience. This includes factors like readability, formatting, and the inclusion of multimedia elements such as images and videos when appropriate.

Here are some in-depth insights into how content quality determines page indexing:

1. Originality: Search engines prioritize content that is original and not found elsewhere on the web. Duplicate content often gets penalized or overlooked during indexing. For example, a blog post offering a unique analysis of a common topic is more likely to be indexed than a generic article that rehashes existing content.

2. Relevance: Content must be relevant to the search queries it aims to rank for. This means using keywords effectively and ensuring the content matches the user's search intent. For instance, a page about 'best SEO practices' should provide current and actionable SEO tips rather than outdated or general information.

3. Engagement: Metrics such as time on page, bounce rate, and user interaction can influence indexing. Engaging content that keeps users on the page and encourages interaction is seen as a positive signal. A practical example is an interactive guide that keeps users engaged with quizzes or actionable steps.

4. Authority: Content that demonstrates expertise and authority on a subject is more likely to be indexed. This includes the use of credible sources, citations, and in-depth analysis. A well-researched white paper citing authoritative sources will be favored over a superficial overview.

5. user experience: The overall user experience, including mobile-friendliness, page speed, and navigation, affects content quality. A fast-loading page with a clean layout and easy navigation enhances the user experience and aids in indexing.

6. Social Signals: While not a direct ranking factor, content that is widely shared and discussed on social media may be indexed more quickly due to increased visibility. An example is a viral article that receives a lot of attention and backlinks from social platforms.

7. Multimedia Usage: Incorporating relevant images, videos, and infographics can improve content quality and engagement, which in turn can influence indexing. For example, a tutorial with step-by-step videos may be considered higher quality than text-only instructions.

8. Content Freshness: Regularly updated content or new content on trending topics can be indexed faster. A blog that consistently publishes timely articles on current events will be seen as a valuable source of fresh information.

Content quality is a multifaceted concept that encompasses originality, relevance, engagement, authority, user experience, social signals, multimedia usage, and freshness. These factors collectively contribute to the likelihood of a page being indexed by search engines. By focusing on creating high-quality content, webmasters can improve their chances of successful indexing and, ultimately, better search rankings.

7. Adapting to the New Norm

In the ever-evolving landscape of search engine optimization (SEO), mobile-first indexing has emerged as a pivotal factor in determining the visibility and ranking of websites. With the majority of internet users now accessing the web via mobile devices, search engines like Google have shifted their indexing strategies to primarily use the mobile version of a site's content for ranking and indexing purposes. This paradigm shift underscores the importance of mobile responsiveness in seo audits, particularly when addressing page indexing issues.

From an SEO auditor's perspective, the transition to mobile-first indexing necessitates a thorough examination of a site's mobile compatibility. This includes assessing the mobile user experience, load times, and the accessibility of content. The implications of this shift are far-reaching, affecting everything from site design to content strategy. For instance, a site with a responsive design that seamlessly adjusts to various screen sizes will fare better in a mobile-first index than one that does not.

Insights from Different Perspectives:

1. User Experience (UX) Designers: UX designers emphasize the need for mobile-friendly navigation, touch-friendly buttons, and fast-loading pages. An example of this is the 'hamburger' menu icon, which has become synonymous with mobile sites, offering a space-saving way to present navigation links.

2. content creators: For content creators, mobile-first indexing means prioritizing content that is easily digestible on smaller screens. This might involve shorter paragraphs, engaging headings, and bullet points. For example, a blog post that starts with a compelling question or statistic can hook readers on mobile devices.

3. Web Developers: Developers must ensure that the technical aspects of a site, such as CSS and JavaScript, are optimized for mobile. An example here is the use of accelerated Mobile pages (AMP), which aims to make pages load instantly on mobile devices.

4. SEO Specialists: SEO experts need to focus on mobile keyword trends and local seo, as mobile searches often have local intent. For example, a restaurant's website should be optimized for mobile searches like "restaurants near me" to capture local traffic.

5. Digital Marketers: Marketers must consider the mobile user's journey and how it differs from desktop. For example, a mobile user might be more inclined to click on a click-to-call button than to fill out a lengthy contact form.

6. Business Owners: Business owners should understand the impact of mobile-first indexing on their online visibility and sales. For instance, an e-commerce site that isn't mobile-friendly may see a drop in conversions from mobile users.

Mobile-first indexing is not just a technical seo issue; it's a multifaceted challenge that requires input and collaboration from various roles within an organization. By adopting a holistic approach to mobile optimization, businesses can ensure that their sites are not only indexed but also poised to provide a superior user experience, ultimately leading to better search rankings and increased traffic.

8. Troubleshooting Indexing Issues with Search Console

Troubleshooting indexing issues with Search Console is a critical step in ensuring that your website's pages are visible and accessible to your target audience through search engines. Indexing is the process by which search engines organize information before a search to enable super-fast responses to queries. When pages aren't indexed, it means that they may as well be invisible to search engines, and consequently, to your potential visitors. This can be due to a variety of reasons, such as crawl errors, content quality issues, or even technical problems like incorrect use of tags or directives in your site's code. Understanding the root cause of these issues is essential for rectifying them and improving your site's visibility and performance.

Here are some in-depth insights into troubleshooting indexing issues:

1. Verify Site Ownership: Before you can use Search Console to troubleshoot, ensure you've verified your site ownership. This is a fundamental step that allows you to access detailed information and tools for your site.

2. Check the Index Coverage Report: This report shows which of your pages are indexed and provides information on why some pages might not be indexed. Look for errors and warnings that could indicate issues such as server errors, redirect errors, or pages blocked by `robots.txt`.

3. Review the Robots.txt File: Ensure that your `robots.txt` file isn't inadvertently blocking pages you want indexed. Use the `robots.txt` Tester tool in Search Console to test your file.

4. Inspect URL Feature: Use the URL Inspection tool to check the index status of individual URLs. If a page isn't indexed, this tool can provide information on why and offer suggestions for fixing the issue.

5. Sitemaps: submit a sitemap through search Console. This doesn't guarantee indexing, but it helps search engines discover your content. Make sure your sitemap is updated and free of errors.

6. Use Fetch as Google: This feature allows you to see how Googlebot views your page. It can help you identify issues that might prevent indexing, such as JavaScript rendering problems.

7. Check for Manual Actions: Sometimes, a site might be penalized by Google for not adhering to webmaster quality guidelines, resulting in deindexing. Check the Manual Actions report to see if this is the case.

8. Mobile Usability Report: With mobile-first indexing, ensuring your site is mobile-friendly is crucial. The Mobile Usability report can highlight issues affecting mobile indexing.

9. Address Security Issues: If your site has been compromised or flagged for security issues, it may be removed from the index. Address these issues promptly and request a review once fixed.

10. content quality: Ensure that your content is high-quality, original, and provides value to users. Thin or duplicated content might not be indexed.

For example, consider a scenario where a new blog post isn't appearing in search results. Upon checking the Index Coverage report, you find a 'Noindex' tag is present. This could be due to a misconfiguration in your content management system (CMS) that automatically added the tag. Removing the 'Noindex' tag and requesting reindexing through the URL Inspection tool would be the next steps to resolve this issue.

By systematically addressing each potential area of concern, you can identify and fix the issues preventing your pages from being indexed, thereby improving your site's SEO performance and visibility.

9. Advanced Techniques for Diagnosing Complex Indexing Problems

In the realm of SEO, diagnosing complex indexing problems is akin to detective work, requiring a keen eye for detail and a deep understanding of how search engines interact with web content. Indexing issues can be the silent saboteurs of a website's visibility, often going unnoticed until a significant drop in traffic sounds the alarm. These problems can stem from a myriad of sources, ranging from technical misconfigurations to more insidious content-related issues that mislead search engine crawlers.

To unravel these intricate challenges, SEO professionals must employ a variety of advanced techniques, each tailored to identify and rectify specific types of indexing obstacles. The process is methodical, often involving a step-by-step audit that scrutinizes every aspect of a website's structure and content. It's a task that demands not only technical prowess but also strategic thinking, as the solutions are rarely straightforward and often require a nuanced approach.

1. log File analysis:

- Insight: Log files are the unsung heroes in the SEO auditor's toolkit. They provide a veritable treasure trove of data on how search engine bots interact with a site.

- Example: By analyzing log files, you can identify which pages are being crawled frequently and which are being ignored, revealing potential issues with crawl budget allocation.

2. Canonical Tag Review:

- Insight: Incorrectly implemented canonical tags can lead to significant indexing problems by either consolidating page value incorrectly or creating duplicate content issues.

- Example: A product page with multiple URLs due to color variations should have a self-referential canonical tag to prevent dilution of page value.

3. xml Sitemap evaluation:

- Insight: An XML sitemap acts as a roadmap for search engines, guiding them to the important pages on your site. However, if not maintained properly, it can lead to indexing of outdated or irrelevant pages.

- Example: Ensuring that the sitemap only includes canonical versions of URLs and is updated regularly to reflect new content is crucial for optimal indexing.

4. JavaScript Rendering Testing:

- Insight: With the increasing reliance on JavaScript for website functionality, ensuring that search engines can render and index JS content is paramount.

- Example: Using tools like Google's mobile-Friendly test can help identify if key content loaded via JavaScript is accessible to search engine crawlers.

5. Mobile-First Indexing Preparation:

- Insight: As search engines prioritize mobile versions of content for indexing, it's essential to ensure parity between desktop and mobile site versions.

- Example: Conducting a thorough audit to ensure that the mobile version contains all the critical content and metadata found on the desktop version can prevent indexing discrepancies.

6. structured Data implementation Check:

- Insight: Structured data helps search engines understand the context and content of a page, but errors in implementation can hinder indexing.

- Example: Utilizing Google's rich Results Test to validate structured data ensures that it's correctly aiding the indexing process.

7. international SEO considerations:

- Insight: For websites targeting multiple countries and languages, proper use of hreflang tags is essential for directing search engines to the correct regional or linguistic version of a page.

- Example: Ensuring that hreflang tags are correctly implemented and return 200 status codes can prevent indexing of incorrect regional pages.

By meticulously applying these advanced techniques, SEO experts can peel back the layers of complexity that shroud indexing issues, bringing to light the underlying causes that, once addressed, can restore a website's visibility and search engine standing. It's a challenging but rewarding endeavor that sits at the heart of a successful SEO strategy.

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