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Dosyalarınız bir Cloud Storage paketinde depolanır. Bu paketteki dosyalar, yerel sabit diskinizdeki dosya sistemi veya Firebase Realtime Database içindeki veriler gibi hiyerarşik bir yapıda sunulur.
Uygulamanız, bir dosyaya referans oluşturarak bu dosyaya erişebilir. Bu referanslar daha sonra veri yüklemek veya indirmek, meta verileri almak ya da güncellemek veya dosyayı silmek için kullanılabilir. Referanslar, belirli bir dosyayı veya hiyerarşideki daha üst düzey bir düğümü işaret edebilir.
Firebase Realtime Database kullandıysanız bu yollar size çok tanıdık gelecektir. Ancak dosya verileriniz Cloud Storage içinde saklanır, Realtime Database içinde değil.
Referans Oluşturma
Dosya yüklemek, indirmek veya silmek ya da meta verilerini almak veya güncellemek için referans oluşturma Referans, buluttaki bir dosyaya işaret eden bir işaretçi olarak düşünülebilir. Referanslar hafiftir. Bu nedenle, istediğiniz kadar referans oluşturabilirsiniz. Ayrıca, birden fazla işlem için yeniden kullanılabilirler.
FirebaseStorage tekil örneğini kullanarak ve getReference() yöntemini çağırarak bir referans oluşturun.
Kotlin
// Create a storage reference from our appvarstorageRef=storage.reference
Ardından, ağaçta daha aşağıda bulunan bir konuma (ör. "images/space.jpg") mevcut bir referansta child() yöntemini kullanarak referans oluşturabilirsiniz.
Kotlin
// Create a child reference// imagesRef now points to "images"varimagesRef:StorageReference? =storageRef.child("images")// Child references can also take paths// spaceRef now points to "images/space.jpg// imagesRef still points to "images"varspaceRef=storageRef.child("images/space.jpg")
// Create a child reference// imagesRef now points to "images"StorageReferenceimagesRef=storageRef.child("images");// Child references can also take paths// spaceRef now points to "images/space.jpg// imagesRef still points to "images"StorageReferencespaceRef=storageRef.child("images/space.jpg");
Dosya hiyerarşimizde yukarı gitmek için getParent() ve getRoot() yöntemlerini de kullanabilirsiniz. getParent() bir seviye yukarı giderken getRoot() en üste gider.
Kotlin
// parent allows us to move our reference to a parent node// imagesRef now points to 'images'imagesRef=spaceRef.parent// root allows us to move all the way back to the top of our bucket// rootRef now points to the rootvalrootRef=spaceRef.root
// getParent allows us to move our reference to a parent node// imagesRef now points to 'images'imagesRef=spaceRef.getParent();// getRoot allows us to move all the way back to the top of our bucket// rootRef now points to the rootStorageReferencerootRef=spaceRef.getRoot();
child(), getParent() ve getRoot() işlevleri, her biri bir referans döndürdüğünden birden çok kez birlikte kullanılabilir. Ancak getRoot().getParent() çağrısı null değerini döndürür.
Kotlin
// References can be chained together multiple times// earthRef points to 'images/earth.jpg'valearthRef=spaceRef.parent?.child("earth.jpg")// nullRef is null, since the parent of root is nullvalnullRef=spaceRef.root.parent
// References can be chained together multiple times// earthRef points to 'images/earth.jpg'StorageReferenceearthRef=spaceRef.getParent().child("earth.jpg");// nullRef is null, since the parent of root is nullStorageReferencenullRef=spaceRef.getRoot().getParent();
getPath(), getName() ve getBucket() yöntemlerini kullanarak referansları inceleyebilir ve işaret ettikleri dosyaları daha iyi anlayabilirsiniz. Bu yöntemler, dosyanın tam yolunu, adını ve paketini alır.
Kotlin
// Reference's path is: "images/space.jpg"// This is analogous to a file path on diskspaceRef.path// Reference's name is the last segment of the full path: "space.jpg"// This is analogous to the file namespaceRef.name// Reference's bucket is the name of the storage bucket that the files are stored inspaceRef.bucket
// Reference's path is: "images/space.jpg"// This is analogous to a file path on diskspaceRef.getPath();// Reference's name is the last segment of the full path: "space.jpg"// This is analogous to the file namespaceRef.getName();// Reference's bucket is the name of the storage bucket that the files are stored inspaceRef.getBucket();
Referans yolları ve adları, geçerli Unicode karakterlerinden oluşan herhangi bir diziyi içerebilir ancak aşağıdakiler de dahil olmak üzere belirli kısıtlamalar uygulanır:
reference.fullPath'in toplam uzunluğu, UTF-8 kodlaması kullanıldığında 1 ile 1.024 bayt arasında olmalıdır.
// Points to the root referencestorageRef=storage.reference// Points to "images"imagesRef=storageRef.child("images")// Points to "images/space.jpg"// Note that you can use variables to create child valuesvalfileName="space.jpg"spaceRef=imagesRef.child(fileName)// File path is "images/space.jpg"valpath=spaceRef.path// File name is "space.jpg"valname=spaceRef.name// Points to "images"imagesRef=spaceRef.parent
// Points to the root referencestorageRef=storage.getReference();// Points to "images"imagesRef=storageRef.child("images");// Points to "images/space.jpg"// Note that you can use variables to create child valuesStringfileName="space.jpg";spaceRef=imagesRef.child(fileName);// File path is "images/space.jpg"Stringpath=spaceRef.getPath();// File name is "space.jpg"Stringname=spaceRef.getName();// Points to "images"imagesRef=spaceRef.getParent();
[[["Anlaması kolay","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Sorunumu çözdü","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Diğer","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["İhtiyacım olan bilgiler yok","missingTheInformationINeed","thumb-down"],["Çok karmaşık / çok fazla adım var","tooComplicatedTooManySteps","thumb-down"],["Güncel değil","outOfDate","thumb-down"],["Çeviri sorunu","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["Örnek veya kod sorunu","samplesCodeIssue","thumb-down"],["Diğer","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Son güncelleme tarihi: 2025-08-21 UTC."],[],[],null,["\u003cbr /\u003e\n\nYour files are stored in a\n[Cloud Storage](//cloud.google.com/storage) bucket. The\nfiles in this bucket are presented in a hierarchical structure, just like the\nfile system on your local hard disk, or the data in the Firebase Realtime Database.\nBy creating a reference to a file, your app gains access to it. These references\ncan then be used to upload or download data, get or update metadata or delete\nthe file. A reference can either point to a specific file or to a higher level\nnode in the hierarchy.\n\nIf you've used the [Firebase Realtime Database](/docs/database), these paths should\nseem very familiar to you. However, your file data is stored in\nCloud Storage, **not** in the Realtime Database.\n\nCreate a Reference\n\nCreate a reference to upload, download, or delete a file,\nor to get or update its metadata. A reference\ncan be thought of as a pointer to a file in the cloud. References are\nlightweight, so you can create as many as you need. They are also reusable for\nmultiple operations.\n\nCreate a reference using the `FirebaseStorage` singleton instance and\ncalling its `getReference()` method. \n\nKotlin \n\n```kotlin\n// Create a storage reference from our app\nvar storageRef = storage.reference \nhttps://github.com/firebase/snippets-android/blob/391c1646eacf44d2aab3f76bcfa60dfc6c14acf1/storage/app/src/main/java/com/google/firebase/referencecode/storage/kotlin/StorageActivity.kt#L49-L50\n```\n\nJava \n\n```java\n// Create a storage reference from our app\nStorageReference storageRef = storage.getReference();https://github.com/firebase/snippets-android/blob/391c1646eacf44d2aab3f76bcfa60dfc6c14acf1/storage/app/src/main/java/com/google/firebase/referencecode/storage/StorageActivity.java#L78-L79\n```\n\nNext, you can create a reference to a location lower in the tree,\nsay `\"images/space.jpg\"` by using the `child()` method on an existing reference. \n\nKotlin \n\n```kotlin\n// Create a child reference\n// imagesRef now points to \"images\"\nvar imagesRef: StorageReference? = storageRef.child(\"images\")\n\n// Child references can also take paths\n// spaceRef now points to \"images/space.jpg\n// imagesRef still points to \"images\"\nvar spaceRef = storageRef.child(\"images/space.jpg\")https://github.com/firebase/snippets-android/blob/391c1646eacf44d2aab3f76bcfa60dfc6c14acf1/storage/app/src/main/java/com/google/firebase/referencecode/storage/kotlin/StorageActivity.kt#L54-L61\n```\n\nJava \n\n```java\n// Create a child reference\n// imagesRef now points to \"images\"\nStorageReference imagesRef = storageRef.child(\"images\");\n\n// Child references can also take paths\n// spaceRef now points to \"images/space.jpg\n// imagesRef still points to \"images\"\nStorageReference spaceRef = storageRef.child(\"images/space.jpg\");https://github.com/firebase/snippets-android/blob/391c1646eacf44d2aab3f76bcfa60dfc6c14acf1/storage/app/src/main/java/com/google/firebase/referencecode/storage/StorageActivity.java#L83-L90\n```\n\nNavigate with References\n\nYou can also use the `getParent()` and `getRoot()` methods to navigate up in our\nfile hierarchy. `getParent()` navigates up one level,\nwhile `getRoot()` navigates all the way to the top. \n\nKotlin \n\n```kotlin\n// parent allows us to move our reference to a parent node\n// imagesRef now points to 'images'\nimagesRef = spaceRef.parent\n\n// root allows us to move all the way back to the top of our bucket\n// rootRef now points to the root\nval rootRef = spaceRef.root \nhttps://github.com/firebase/snippets-android/blob/391c1646eacf44d2aab3f76bcfa60dfc6c14acf1/storage/app/src/main/java/com/google/firebase/referencecode/storage/kotlin/StorageActivity.kt#L67-L73\n```\n\nJava \n\n```java\n// getParent allows us to move our reference to a parent node\n// imagesRef now points to 'images'\nimagesRef = spaceRef.getParent();\n\n// getRoot allows us to move all the way back to the top of our bucket\n// rootRef now points to the root\nStorageReference rootRef = spaceRef.getRoot();https://github.com/firebase/snippets-android/blob/391c1646eacf44d2aab3f76bcfa60dfc6c14acf1/storage/app/src/main/java/com/google/firebase/referencecode/storage/StorageActivity.java#L96-L102\n```\n\n`child()`, `getParent()`, and `getRoot()` can be chained together multiple\ntimes, as each returns a reference. But calling `getRoot().getParent()` returns `null`. \n\nKotlin \n\n```kotlin\n// References can be chained together multiple times\n// earthRef points to 'images/earth.jpg'\nval earthRef = spaceRef.parent?.child(\"earth.jpg\")\n\n// nullRef is null, since the parent of root is null\nval nullRef = spaceRef.root.parent \nhttps://github.com/firebase/snippets-android/blob/391c1646eacf44d2aab3f76bcfa60dfc6c14acf1/storage/app/src/main/java/com/google/firebase/referencecode/storage/kotlin/StorageActivity.kt#L77-L82\n```\n\nJava \n\n```java\n// References can be chained together multiple times\n// earthRef points to 'images/earth.jpg'\nStorageReference earthRef = spaceRef.getParent().child(\"earth.jpg\");\n\n// nullRef is null, since the parent of root is null\nStorageReference nullRef = spaceRef.getRoot().getParent();https://github.com/firebase/snippets-android/blob/391c1646eacf44d2aab3f76bcfa60dfc6c14acf1/storage/app/src/main/java/com/google/firebase/referencecode/storage/StorageActivity.java#L106-L111\n```\n\nReference Properties\n\nYou can inspect references to better understand the files they point to\nusing the `getPath()`, `getName()`, and `getBucket()` methods. These methods\nget the file's full path, name and bucket. \n\nKotlin \n\n```kotlin\n// Reference's path is: \"images/space.jpg\"\n// This is analogous to a file path on disk\nspaceRef.path\n\n// Reference's name is the last segment of the full path: \"space.jpg\"\n// This is analogous to the file name\nspaceRef.name\n\n// Reference's bucket is the name of the storage bucket that the files are stored in\nspaceRef.bucket \nhttps://github.com/firebase/snippets-android/blob/391c1646eacf44d2aab3f76bcfa60dfc6c14acf1/storage/app/src/main/java/com/google/firebase/referencecode/storage/kotlin/StorageActivity.kt#L88-L97\n```\n\nJava \n\n```java\n// Reference's path is: \"images/space.jpg\"\n// This is analogous to a file path on disk\nspaceRef.getPath();\n\n// Reference's name is the last segment of the full path: \"space.jpg\"\n// This is analogous to the file name\nspaceRef.getName();\n\n// Reference's bucket is the name of the storage bucket that the files are stored in\nspaceRef.getBucket();https://github.com/firebase/snippets-android/blob/391c1646eacf44d2aab3f76bcfa60dfc6c14acf1/storage/app/src/main/java/com/google/firebase/referencecode/storage/StorageActivity.java#L117-L126\n```\n\nLimitations on References\n\nReference paths and names can contain any sequence of valid Unicode characters,\nbut certain restrictions are imposed including:\n\n1. Total length of reference.fullPath must be between 1 and 1024 bytes when UTF-8 encoded.\n2. No Carriage Return or Line Feed characters.\n3. Avoid using `#`, `[`, `]`, `*`, or `?`, as these do not work well with other tools such as the [Firebase Realtime Database](/docs/database) or [gsutil](https://cloud.google.com/storage/docs/gsutil).\n\nFull Example \n\nKotlin \n\n```kotlin\n// Points to the root reference\nstorageRef = storage.reference\n\n// Points to \"images\"\nimagesRef = storageRef.child(\"images\")\n\n// Points to \"images/space.jpg\"\n// Note that you can use variables to create child values\nval fileName = \"space.jpg\"\nspaceRef = imagesRef.child(fileName)\n\n// File path is \"images/space.jpg\"\nval path = spaceRef.path\n\n// File name is \"space.jpg\"\nval name = spaceRef.name\n\n// Points to \"images\"\nimagesRef = spaceRef.parent \nhttps://github.com/firebase/snippets-android/blob/391c1646eacf44d2aab3f76bcfa60dfc6c14acf1/storage/app/src/main/java/com/google/firebase/referencecode/storage/kotlin/StorageActivity.kt#L103-L121\n```\n\nJava \n\n```java\n// Points to the root reference\nstorageRef = storage.getReference();\n\n// Points to \"images\"\nimagesRef = storageRef.child(\"images\");\n\n// Points to \"images/space.jpg\"\n// Note that you can use variables to create child values\nString fileName = \"space.jpg\";\nspaceRef = imagesRef.child(fileName);\n\n// File path is \"images/space.jpg\"\nString path = spaceRef.getPath();\n\n// File name is \"space.jpg\"\nString name = spaceRef.getName();\n\n// Points to \"images\"\nimagesRef = spaceRef.getParent();https://github.com/firebase/snippets-android/blob/391c1646eacf44d2aab3f76bcfa60dfc6c14acf1/storage/app/src/main/java/com/google/firebase/referencecode/storage/StorageActivity.java#L132-L150\n```\n\nNext, let's learn how to\n[upload files](/docs/storage/android/upload-files) to\nCloud Storage."]]