Understanding the System Main Relay (SMR) in Hybrid and EVs In hybrid and electric vehicles, safety and energy management are critical. One key component that ensures both is the System Main Relay (SMR). So, what does it actually do? • High Voltage Connection: The SMR acts as a switch between the high-voltage battery pack and the rest of the vehicle’s power electronics (inverter, motor, DC-DC converter). • Controlled Startup: When you press the “power” button, the SMR doesn’t immediately connect the full battery voltage. Instead, it first uses a pre-charge circuit to safely charge the capacitors in the inverter—avoiding sudden inrush currents that could damage components. • Safety Function: In the event of a fault, crash, or emergency shutdown, the SMR disconnects the battery from the system, isolating the high-voltage source and protecting both the vehicle and its occupants. • Multiple Relays for Redundancy: Typically, there are two or three SMRs (positive, negative, and sometimes pre-charge) to ensure reliability and compliance with safety standards like ISO 26262.
How the System Main Relay works in Hybrid and EVs
More Relevant Posts
-
𝗧𝘄𝗼 𝗻𝗲𝘄 𝗽𝗿𝗼𝗱𝘂𝗰𝘁 𝗳𝗮𝗺𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗲𝘀 𝗶𝗻 𝘀𝗲𝗿𝗶𝗲𝘀 𝗽𝗿𝗼𝗱𝘂𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 We have completed development and started series production of two new product lines, both for 400 V and 800 V HV-batteries: 𝗢𝗕𝗖𝟳: 𝗛𝗶𝗴𝗵-𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗳𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲 𝗼𝗻-𝗯𝗼𝗮𝗿𝗱 𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗿𝗴𝗲𝗿 • Parametrizable digital input • DC Link pre-charge (from 0 V to HV-battery voltage) • Inlet management: inlet and flap locking, thermal sensor(s) reading and derating, LED(s) driving • PLC based DC fast charging communications for CCS1 and CCS2 • Driving of external normal close (NC) DC vehicle contactors More information about OBC7: https://lnkd.in/dqiN9M_R 𝗕𝗦𝗖𝟳: 𝗕𝗶𝗱𝗶𝗿𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝘀𝘂𝗽𝗽𝗹𝘆 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘁𝗲𝗿 • Extremely compact and lightweight (56 x 196 x 272 mm, <4 kg) • Peak current for short increased LV load • Bidirectionality for boost capabilities (e.g. DC Link pre-charge) • Galvanic isolation between HV and LV sides • Active discharge using buck conversion & MOSFETs switching losses More information about BSC7: https://lnkd.in/dqNJ6GQV These products expand our portfolio in power electronics, supporting the shift towards e-mobility and renewable energy. Read the full story here: https://lnkd.in/gCNt4fGm
To view or add a comment, sign in
-
-
🚀 Episode 1 of the Variable Frequency Drive Knowledge Channel is here! We’ll keep sharing valuable insights on inverter technology—so stay tuned. Let us know your thoughts, and feel free to connect with any inquiries! 💡 What would you like us to cover next? #variablefrequencydrive #frequencyconverter #inverter #drive #VFD #VSD #NancalElectric #industrialautomation #voltagesource #VSI #rectification #motorcontrol
To view or add a comment, sign in
-
⚡ IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) Type: Semiconductor power switch. Function: Combines MOSFET’s easy gate control with BJT’s high current capability. Application: The core switching device in many high-power converters. Key role: Converts DC ↔ AC (inverters), controls large voltages (up to kVs) and currents (hundreds to thousands of amps). 🔋 UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) System, not a device. Function: Provides backup power during outages and conditions (voltage regulation, frequency stability). How IGBTs fit in: UPS units use IGBT-based inverters to convert battery DC into clean AC output. IGBTs switch at high frequency for efficiency, low noise, and fast response. 🚗 EV (Electric Vehicle) System: Battery + motor drive + charging system. How IGBTs fit in: In the motor inverter, IGBTs switch DC (from the battery) into AC (for the motor). In fast chargers, IGBTs handle rectification and DC/DC conversion. IGBTs enable high efficiency and regenerative braking (motor → generator → battery). 🚅 High-Speed Train System: Electrified railway traction + control. How IGBTs fit in: Trains draw AC (25 kV typical) from overhead lines, then convert it to DC. IGBT-based traction inverters convert DC → 3-phase AC for induction or permanent-magnet motors. Also used in auxiliary converters (for lighting, HVAC, onboard power). IGBTs here must handle very high voltages (3–6 kV modules) and megawatts of power.
To view or add a comment, sign in
-
-
Webinar: Power Loss Analysis And Efficiency Mapping for EV Motors. Join us: https://lnkd.in/e_B5__6h This webinar will introduce a method for evaluating EV motor efficiency by separating electrical losses using the Hioki PW8001 power analyzer. Focusing on Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSMs) under real operating conditions, the method analyzes copper and iron losses based on fundamental and harmonic power components. It reveals how increased inverter switching frequency leads to higher iron losses within the motor. Join this webinar presented by Hioki USA Corporation to learn how, with wideband accuracy and User Defined Function (UDF) support, the PW8001 enables automated, real-time loss analysis. Efficiency and loss maps across torque-speed ranges support informed motor design decisions.
To view or add a comment, sign in
-
-
MCC (Micro Commercial Components) has released its first 1700V, 25A #SiliconCarbide Schottky Barrier Diode, the SICPT25170P — designed to tackle the most demanding power design challenges. Engineered for high efficiency and reliability, this diode offers zero reverse recovery current, minimal energy loss, and high-speed switching performance for next-generation power systems. Learn more - https://lnkd.in/dKV5tBsy
To view or add a comment, sign in
-
🌡️ The hidden challenge of EVs: Thermal management Engines used to create heat — EVs fight it. Batteries are highly sensitive to temperature. Too cold = poor range. Too hot = safety risk. That’s why thermal management has become one of the most critical aspects in EV engineering: Liquid cooling systems Phase-change materials Smart software monitoring Battery innovation often steals the spotlight, but without smart thermal management, EVs can’t deliver performance or safety at scale. 👉 What do you think is harder: making EVs go further… or keeping them cooler? #Engineering #EVDesign #ThermalManagement
To view or add a comment, sign in
-
Thrilled to share that our article ✨ “Co-Optimization of EV Charging Control and Incentivization for Enhanced Power System Stability” ✨has been accepted in IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology (TCST) 🎉 📌 What’s the work about? High EV charging demands can strain the grid and worsen stability. ✅ We propose a joint optimization + control framework that: 🎯 Minimize the H₂-norm for better dynamic performance, 🛠️ Design an LQR-based state-feedback controller for EV battery currents, 💰 Introduce a pricing incentive strategy that encourages customers to adapt charging rates. ⚡ Tested on the IEEE 33-bus distribution grid with both unidirectional & bidirectional charging. If you’d like to dive deeper into the technical details, the preprint is available here 👉 https://lnkd.in/e7iM8hHT Grateful to my advisor, Prof. Aranya Chakrabortty, and collaborator Dr. Tomonori Sadamoto for their invaluable guidance and support.
To view or add a comment, sign in
-
Move beyond traditional designs with a solid-state advantage. onsemi's SiC JFETs improve efficiency and safety by replacing multiple components with a single, reliable solid-state switch in EV battery disconnect units. They also enable certain Energy Storage topologies and Solid-State Circuit Breakers (SSCBs). Learn more 👉 https://bit.ly/45pjLJm #SolidState #EVs #Mobility #SiC
To view or add a comment, sign in
-
-
Looking to cut footprint, tame harmonics, and boost uptime in high‑power, multi‑motor applications? Meet ABB’s ACS880 Multidrives. • One common DC bus across multiple inverters reduces cabling and enables motor‑to‑motor energy sharing (and regeneration with ISU). • Choose air‑cooled (400/500/690 V, up to 5.6 MW) or liquid‑cooled (690 V, up to 6 MW) with 98% of heat carried away in coolant—ideal for harsh or quiet E‑rooms. • Regenerative IGBT supply + LCL filter delivers low harmonics and near‑unity power factor. • Ready for modern architectures: DC/DC interface for batteries/supercaps, Optimal Grid Control for islanded hotel loads/shore‑to‑ship, and options for marine DC‑grids. • Built for uptime: type‑tested cabinets, redundancy/reduced‑run, long‑life fans, and easy serviceability. • Cybersecure and scalable: the new control platform with IEC 62443–based features and edge gateway enables fleet connectivity and partner/OEM apps. If you’re evaluating electrification for marine vessels or high‑speed test benches—or planning hydrogen electrolysis—let’s talk. Message me to discuss your duty cycle, power range, and configuration. I’ll help translate process needs into the right ACS880 package. #ABB #ACS880 #Drives #Multidrives #Marine #Hydrogen #EnergyStorage #Electrification #Decarbonization #Reliability #PowerElectronics #VFD #MarineTechnology
To view or add a comment, sign in
-
-
Webinar: Solving The 400 V/800 V Charging Compatibility Challenge In Next-Gen EVs. Join us: https://lnkd.in/evKGM8J5 As electric vehicles evolve toward 800 V architectures for faster charging and improved efficiency, the challenge of backward compatibility with 400 V infrastructure becomes increasingly urgent. This webinar, presented by Sensata Technologies, addresses the engineering and system-level hurdles of bridging 400 V and 800 V platforms, with a focus on innovative voltage conversion solutions. We’ll examine the trade-offs between booster-based and battery switchable architectures, evaluating each approach for safety, thermal performance, cost, and complexity. Join us to learn how next-generation switchable solutions can enhance charging efficiency, reduce heat generation, and simplify system complexity, ensuring a seamless and cost-effective adoption of 800V. Attendees will leave with a clear understanding of how to engineer safe, scalable, and cost-effective EV charging systems that meet today’s demands and tomorrow’s expectations.
To view or add a comment, sign in
-