Micro-controller Assignment – Series 03/34 This experiment demonstrates how to control multiple LED glow patterns using tactile switches on a PIC microcontroller. Each switch is mapped to a unique LED sequence, allowing learners to explore pattern generation, switch input handling, and real-time responsiveness in embedded systems. Problem Statement: Develop an Embedded C program to display four distinct LED patterns based on switch inputs. Each switch should directly correspond to one pattern, and the system must change LED sequences instantly upon detecting a key press. What You’ll Learn: -I/O port configuration for input/output -Interfacing LEDs and switches with a microcontroller -Pull-up & pull-down resistor concepts -LED current sourcing & sinking -Handling switch bounce through debouncing -Generating multiple LED patterns programmatically Applications in Industries: - Automotive dashboards and indicator lighting - User interface design in consumer electronics - Industrial control panels and signaling systems At Emertxe Information Technologies, we equip you with real-world embedded skills for practical applications 🎥 Watch our YouTube – Micro-controller Playlist for more Assignments ! 👉 https://lnkd.in/gr332zBb Every Embedded Engineer should know this!

🔹 PWM Programming Simplified 🔹 Accept the challenge: https://lnkd.in/d_JjWaRq Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) is widely used in embedded systems for motor control, LED dimming, audio signals, and more. Programming PWM is all about adjusting the duty cycle and frequency to control how devices respond. ✅ Key steps in PWM programming: Configure the timer/counter of microcontroller Set frequency (controls speed or tone) Adjust duty cycle (controls brightness or power) Enable PWM output pin With just a few lines of code, you can precisely control hardware behavior. That’s the real power of PWM in action! ⚡ #EmbeddedSystems #FirmwareDevelopment #PWM #Microcontrollers #EWskills #PWM #𝗦𝘁𝘂𝗱𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗷𝗲𝗰𝘁𝘀 #𝗔𝘂𝘁𝗼𝗺𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 #𝗗𝗜𝗬𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗷𝗲𝗰𝘁𝘀 #𝗥𝗼𝗯𝗼𝘁𝗶𝗰𝘀 #𝗟𝗲𝗮𝗿𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴𝗕𝘆𝗗𝗼𝗶𝗻𝗴 #Learning

#day19 #Dharani30daysembedded #EmbeddedSystems Today I Learned 13 Important Things About Arduino Uno! As part of my learning journey in Embedded Systems, here are the key points I learned about the Arduino Uno and its features: 1️⃣ USB Jack – Used to upload programs and supply power to the board. 2️⃣ Power Jack – To power the Arduino (7V to 12V). 3️⃣ Voltage Regulator – To stabilize voltage for the microcontroller. 4️⃣ Crystal Oscillator (16 MHz) – Helps in timing and calculating clock cycles. 5️⃣ Reset Button – Starts the program from the beginning by resetting the microcontroller. 6️⃣ Power Pins – Provide 3.3V, 5V, GND, and Vin to power external components. 7️⃣ Analog Input Pins (A0 – A5) – Used to read analog data from sensors and can also function as digital I/O. 8️⃣ Digital I/O Pins (0 – 13) – Used for digital input and output, provide PWM signals. 9️⃣ TX & RX Pins – Used for serial communication with other devices. 🔟 Power ON LED – Indicates if the board is powered ON or OFF. 1️⃣1️⃣ LED attached to digital pin 13 – Used as a built-in indicator for testing programs. 1️⃣2️⃣ AREF (Analog Reference Pin) – Provides reference voltage for analog inputs. 1️⃣3️⃣ ICSP (In-Circuit Serial Programming Pins) – Used for programming the microcontroller using SPI protocol.

Day 123 of 200 days ✍️✍️✍️ 🔎🔎Today I'll be discussing Embedded Systems Ramp-up 📉📉A ramp-up in Embedded Systems usually refers to the structured approach of gaining knowledge, skills, and hands-on experience to become proficient in designing and developing embedded solutions. Think of it as a roadmap that gradually takes you from basics to advanced applications. Here’s a clean ramp-up path you can follow: 🔹 Stage 1: Foundations Electronics Basics Ohm’s law, resistors, capacitors, diodes, transistors. Digital logic (AND, OR, NOT, flip-flops). Computer Architecture Difference between microprocessor and microcontroller. Registers, memory, I/O, instruction sets. Programming Fundamentals C programming (core language of embedded systems). Basics of Python for quick prototyping. 🔹 Stage 2: Core Embedded Concepts Microcontrollers 8-bit (e.g., ATmega, PIC), 32-bit (ARM Cortex-M). Embedded C Pointers, structures, bit manipulation. Interrupts, timers, watchdogs. Basic RTOS Concepts Multitasking, scheduling, real-time constraints. 🔹 Stage 3: Hands-On Practice Starter Boards Arduino (easy start). STM32 / ESP32 (advanced, Wi-Fi/BT features). Mini Projects LED blink with timers. Temperature monitor with sensor + display. Motor control with PWM. IoT device with Wi-Fi (ESP32).

## 🚀 Embedded Systems Weekly Streak – Task 2 This week, I worked on Switch Case with PIC16F877A Microcontroller. ### About Pull-up Resistors (External) * I used external pull-up resistors (≈10 kΩ to VCC) on RC0–RC3 so the inputs stay HIGH (1) when switches are open. * When a switch is pressed, it pulls the input to LOW (0), avoiding floating inputs and random readings. ### Code Explanation switch-case controls RC1 and RC5 based on input conditions: * RC5 ON, RC1 OFF → PORTD = 0x20 * RC1 ON, RC5 OFF → PORTD = 0x08 * Both ON → PORTD = 0x28 * Both OFF → PORTD = 0x00 Here’s the full code ⬇️ ```c #include <xc.h> // Configuration bits (6 MHz HS oscillator; other protections OFF) #pragma config FOSC = HS // High-speed oscillator #pragma config WDTE = OFF // Watchdog Timer disabled #pragma config PWRTE = OFF // Power-up Timer disabled #pragma config BOREN = OFF // Brown-out Reset disabled #pragma config LVP = OFF // Low-Voltage Programming disabled #pragma config CPD = OFF // Data EEPROM Code Protection disabled #pragma config WRT = OFF // Flash Program Memory Write Protection disabled #pragma config CP = OFF // Flash Program Memory Code Protection disabled #define _XTAL_FREQ 6000000 // 6 MHz crystal frequency void main() { // I/O direction TRISC = 0x0F; // RC0–RC3 as input (with EXTERNAL pull-ups to VCC), RC4–RC7 as output TRISD = 0x00; // PORTD as output // Note: No internal pull-ups on PORTC; external pull-ups used on RC0–RC3 while (1) { switch (PORTC & 0x0F) { // Read RC0–RC3 only case 0x0E: // RC5 ON, RC1 OFF PORTD = 0x20; break; case 0x0D: // RC1 ON, RC5 OFF PORTD = 0x08; break; case 0x0B: // Both RC1 and RC5 ON PORTD = 0x28; break; case 0x07: // Both RC1 and RC5 OFF PORTD = 0x00; break; default: // Any other pattern → outputs OFF (safe state) PORTD = 0x00; break; } } } ``` ### Proteus Simulation Uploading my Proteus simulation video to show the live behavior 👇

🚀 Major Project: External EEPROM Interface with AVR ATmega32 I successfully designed and implemented an EEPROM interfacing system using the ATmega32 microcontroller. The project demonstrates how external memory can be used for reliable data storage and retrieval in embedded systems. 🔹 Key Highlights: Implemented I2C protocol to interface AT24C512B external EEPROM with ATmega32. Developed firmware in Embedded C using Microchip Studio. Designed and simulated the full system in Proteus (schematic + virtual terminal). Achieved functions such as: ✔ Erasing EEPROM memory ✔ Writing & reading single bytes ✔ Sequential string write/read (e.g., “I Love Embedded Systems”) Integrated UART communication for debugging and monitoring EEPROM operations. 🔹 Technical Skills Applied: AVR Microcontrollers | I2C Protocol | UART | EEPROM (AT24C512B) | Embedded C | Microchip Studio | Proteus Simulation This project gave me deep hands-on experience in embedded memory management, low-level driver development, and microcontroller peripheral interfacing—an essential step toward advanced embedded systems and robotics applications. #embedded system #robotics and ai #software programming...

Delta, a global leader in power and smart green solutions, announces the launch of new Motion Controllers CPUs, Input/Output modules, and Couplers for...

Delta, a global leader in power and smart green solutions, announces the launch of new Motion Controllers CPUs, Input/Output modules, and Couplers for...

🚀 One of the best experiences I had was during our training at NTI in the Microcontroller Track, where we built a complete project using two ATmega32 microcontrollers. 🔹 Project idea: The user enters a number through a Keypad connected to Atmega2 (Master). The number is sent via UART Communication to Atmega1 (Slave). Atmega1 then displays the number on an LCD and controls an LED or a DC Motor through a Transistor circuit. ✨ What made this project special is that we managed to combine: Interfacing with multiple components (LCD, Keypad, LED, Motor). Practical implementation of Microcontroller-to-Microcontroller Communication. Using Proteus for design and simulation. Working as a team by splitting tasks between hardware design and software programming. 🙌 A big thanks to my amazing teammates for their effort and collaboration. Each one of them played a key role, and without this teamwork spirit, we couldn’t have achieved it 💙 👉 Nada Abu Elnasr & yousef mohamed This project taught me a lot about problem-solving, debugging, and practical thinking, and it was a very important step in my journey in Embedded Systems. #NTI #Microcontroller #EmbeddedSystems #ATmega32 #Electronics #Teamwork #LearningByDoing

DC Motor Control using AVR Microcontroller and L293D IC As part of my embedded systems explorations, today I learned how to interface a DC motor with a microcontroller using the L293D motor driver IC. This exercise helped me understand: 🔹 Why a microcontroller alone cannot drive a motor directly. 🔹 How the L293D IC acts as a bridge between the microcontroller and the motor. 🔹 The role of input pins and enable pins in controlling motor direction  🔹 How to use bitwise operations in microcontroller programming to control the motor efficiently. 🔹 Implementing motor control functions such as: ✅ Cw() → Clockwise rotation ✅ Stp() → Stop motor ✅ Ccw() → Counter-clockwise rotation ✅ Stp() → Stop motor *The simulation results are attached as a video *The complete program is available on my GitHub: https://lnkd.in/ggXQsUUW This exercise helped me strengthen my understanding of bitwise operations, GPIO manipulation, and motor control in embedded systems Excited to continue learning and building more embedded system applications 🚀 #EmbeddedSystems #AVR #Electronics #LearningJourney #Microcontroller #Bitwise