What is Quantum Computing? Harnessing Quantum Mechanics for Complex Problems

View profile for Khem Chander

Enterprise Technical Expert at WalmartLabs Arkansas

What is Quantum Computing : Quantum computing harnesses quantum mechanics to solve certain complex problems by using qubits, which can represent multiple states simultaneously, a phenomenon called superposition. While still in the research and development phase and prone to errors, quantum computers could offer exponential speedups for scientific research, such as drug and materials discovery, and transform cybersecurity by breaking current encryption methods. They will not replace classical computers but rather work alongside them, requiring substantial ongoing investment in hardware, software, and quantum algorithms to realize their potential.  How it Works Qubits: . Unlike the classical bits (0 or 1), quantum computers use qubits, which can be 0, 1, or a combination of both at the same time (superposition).  Superposition and Entanglement: . Qubits can also be entangled, meaning they are linked in a way that their states are correlated, even when separated.  Quantum Algorithms: . Quantum computers use quantum algorithms to manipulate qubits and their superposition/entanglement, amplifying desired outcomes and canceling out others through interference to find solutions.  Key Characteristics and Challenges Error-Prone: Current quantum computers are rudimentary and prone to errors.  Quantum Error Correction: A major challenge is implementing quantum error correction to improve reliability.  Scalability: Scaling up quantum computers to handle larger, more complex problems is difficult.  Environmental Control: Qubits need to be shielded from interference and kept at extremely cold temperatures, often near absolute zero.  Potential Applications Scientific Research: . Revolutionizing fields like drug discovery, materials science, and climate modeling by simulating complex molecular systems.  Cryptography: . Potentially breaking existing encryption algorithms, necessitating the development of quantum-resistant cryptography.  Optimization: . Solving complex optimization problems in finance, logistics, and scheduling.  Artificial Intelligence: . Enhancing machine learning and other artificial intelligence applications.  Current Status and Future Outlook R&D Phase: Quantum computing is still in its early research and development stages.  Investment and Innovation: Billions are being invested annually in hardware and software, with major tech companies and research labs driving innovation.  Hybrid Computing: Quantum computers are expected to work in tandem with classical computers, offering their unique capabilities to complement existing computing infrastructure. 

Kiran Krishnan Nair Vasanthi

Senior Manager, Software Engineering at Walmart Global Tech

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It will be good to see how QML and AI work together in retail space for better optimizations.

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