Hierarchical Control in Microgrids: Stability, Quality, Efficiency

Many times we tend to associate congestion to medium- or high-voltage lines, but the reality of the #EnergyTransition is that low-voltage lines are also going through a challenging process. A promising alternative is residential prosumer participation. In this work, Margarita Kitso and Bagas Priambodo have proposed two innovative methods to coordinate residential-scale #BatteryStorage with a limited communication infrastructure. The results show an increased robustness of low-voltage distribution networks! Check the results in our paper, together with Dr. Laura M. Ramírez-Elizondo and Prof. Pavol Bauer, from the TU Delft | DCE&S.

Update on Germany's "#energystorage tsunami": Now >500 GW of battery storage connection requests in Germany. It’s continues to send a strong signal to markets, but also to queue management. The "tsunami" term was coined when grid connection requests at German TSOs had reached 161 GW by the end of 2024. A few weeks later it had been 226 GW already. Now, only based on the four TSOs and three of the hundreds of DSOs, 470.5 GW of grid connection applications have been submitted, so the total number right now is probably far north of 500 GW. Still, this number does not reflect what can be expected in terms of actual energy storage installations as developers hedge risk with multiple “option” applications. The same project is submitted for several locations, or different project configurations are submitted for the same location. This behavior is pushed by the Kraft NAV's "first come, first serve" principle which should be replaced by "first ready, first served", milestone-based queues with meaningful financial securities (use-it-or-lose-it). Equally grid operators and developers demand a reformed application process. Further potential improvements: -Transparent hosting-capacity maps and locational incentives/charges -Non-firm/dynamic connection agreements to connect faster where it’s safe -Prioritize co-location at congested renewable nodes to cut curtailment and redispatch -Standardized, digital, TSO-DSO coordinated studies and potentially fast-track for smaller DSO-level projects In the age of flexibility, we need to swiftly convert today’s paper GW into real, system-friendly MW of energy storage. Source: Regelleistung Online (graph translated)

⚡📑 Watt’s Up Monthly Vol. 11: »It’s All About the Right Voltage – Low-Voltage Regulation in Modern Distribution Grids« Stable voltage is becoming an increasing challenge for modern distribution grids. With the growing integration of renewable energy sources such as photovoltaics, e‑mobility, and heat pumps, voltage fluctuations - both over‑ and undervoltage - are on the rise. This special publication explores how the »LVRSys® - Low‑Voltage Regulation System« provides a cost‑efficient and maintenance‑friendly alternative to traditional grid expansion for keeping voltage levels consistently within nominal bounds. In today´s episode of Watt´s Up Monthly, you'll read: • Why reliable voltage stability is critical in the low‑voltage grid ✓ • How LVRSys® counters voltage fluctuations economically and flexibly ✓ • The key benefits of LVRSys®—easy integration, cost-effectiveness, low/no maintenance, and high grid resilience ✓ We delve further into: • The challenges of modern distribution networks driven by renewables and EVs • How LVRSys® compares with conventional solutions like line extensions, RONTs, and reactive power compensation (in terms of cost, flexibility, and efficiency) • Why LVRSys® stands out as a minimal‑maintenance, scalable solution for today’s grid demands 👉 Read and/or download the full application report here: https://lnkd.in/e9pXNhZD Enjoy the read! Do you have questions about LVRSys® and how it could help your grid infrastructure? Contact us at sales@a-eberle.de. Your A. Eberle - Team #LowVoltageRegulation #LVRSys #VoltageStability #GridResilience #SmartGrid #EnergyTransition #AEberle

Valuing Resilience in Energy: Applying Project Insights to State Policy. This session at the 20th Microgrid Innovation Forum, Sept 30-Oct 1 in Austin https://lnkd.in/gDUePuWx showcases examples of how developers are leveraging microgrids to unpack the full spectrum of resilience value streams today. Panelists will outline what a standardized “value of resilience” metric could look like, and explore the policy levers states can use to properly compensate for resilience. The lack of a standard value of resilience doesn’t reduce the importance of grid resilience -- it only makes it more difficult to make much-needed investments. Join us in Austin as we explore this issue in-depth as part of the two-day Forum on microgrid advances in North America. View full agenda at: https://lnkd.in/ghZNZF3h Register at: https://lnkd.in/ggy7aeBH Be sure to enter discount code LINKD for 15% off! #Microgrids #EnergyIQ  #DataCenters #IndustrialEnergy #energystorage #offgrid #solarpower #solarinverters #batteries #renewableenergy

☘️ Simulation: Frequency Stabilization & Demand Response A microgrid is a local energy system that can run independently or with the main grid, integrating renewables like solar for greater reliability and sustainability. 👍 I’m sharing my recent microgrid simulation, showing how solar panels, batteries, diesel generators, etc, interact under islanded conditions. The focus is on frequency stabilization and demand response, highlighting the practical challenges and solutions for modern, resilient energy systems. In here: ⚡ The system operates in grid-connected mode until an islanding event occurs at noon. 🔋 Before islanding, the battery stays idle (no dispatch). 🔋 After islanding, the battery and diesel generator actively stabilize the system. 💹 Demand Response (DR) reduces loads during high deficits, showing a visible impact. 💹 Droop-based frequency control ensures the frequency remains stable around 50 Hz, even in islanding mode. ✋ Colors, though I have tried to make them visible Red: Actual Load (with Demand Response): real consumption after DR. Black: Original Load (no DR): baseline demand before control. Green: Renewable Generation. Blue: Total Generation: combined supply from all sources. Magenta: Diesel Generator: backup power. The video illustrates the simulation of a microgrid, with the simulation displayed at the top and the corresponding figure at the bottom (figure adapted from Energies, MDPI, 2025, CC BY 4.0, DOI: https://lnkd.in/eP_yp3eq). #Microgrid #RenewableEnergy #SmartGrid #BatteryStorage #PowerSystems

🔋 ⚡ 💻 Because of the greenhouse effect and other pollutants, the production of electricity from traditional energy sources has been causing serious environmental problems in recent years. Numerous strategies have been proposed to address climate change and environmental damage. Implementing a microgrid based on renewable energy sources is one of the important methods because of its high efficiency and ease of use, as well as the fact that it has been essential to the production of clean energy. Microgrids with integrated renewable energy sources are becoming more and more important in the fast‐changing electrical energy production scenario. In a recent study just published in Energy Science & Engineering Wiley, we proposed an adaptive sliding mode controller based on third‐order fuzzy logic which can eliminate disturbances by default without the need to know their limits. We examined a hybrid alternating current/direct current microgrid that uses renewable energy sources, such as a 33 Ah storage battery, a 4.5 kW solar system, and an 8 kW wind turbine. The primary goal was to use an intelligent control technique based on type‐3 fuzzy sliding mode control to increase the direct current link voltage stability during islanding scenarios. More details can be found through the links below: https://lnkd.in/dQEn53KB https://lnkd.in/duhnWA5u Please kindly share. Thank you for reading 🙏 Authors: Man‐Wen Tian, Jun‐Bo Mao1, jafar tavoosi, Amirhosein Khosravi Sarvenoee, Ebrahim Ghaderpour, Ph.D., and Ardashir Mohammadzadeh #Battery, #Microgrid, #PhotovoltaicSystems, #RenewableEnergy, #SignalProcessing, #Type‐3FuzzySlidingModeControl, #WindEnergy

Energy storage isn’t just about capacity. It’s about safety, trust, and standards. IEC 62933 – The Standard Behind Safe & Reliable Energy Storage As the world races toward renewable energy, Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) are becoming the backbone of the grid. But here’s the truth A BESS is only as good as the tests it passes. That’s where IEC 62933 steps in – the global standard ensuring every storage system is safe, reliable, and grid-ready. What does it cover and test? 1. Safety –> Overcharge, short circuit, thermal abuse 2. Performance –> Capacity, efficiency, cycle life 3. Environment –> Heat, humidity, salt & altitude 4. System-level –> BMS, fire suppression, grid compliance Why it matters? 1. Protects people & infrastructure 2. Boosts investor & utility confidence 3. Enables large-scale renewable adoption 4. Makes storage globally accepted & future-proof In short: IEC 62933 builds the trust we need for a sustainable energy future. #BESS #IEC62933 #EnergyStorage #Sustainability #Quality #Standard #greenenergy #lithiumionbattery #batterstorage #hybride

Imagine an extension of 80 million kilometers. It’s a scale that’s hard to grasp. That's roughly equivalent to circling the Earth 2,000 times. Yet, this is the level of grid expansion or replacement required to meet climate and energy goals by 2040. Grid-enSure™ is a portfolio of solutions that supports this transformation with power electronics and advanced control systems. It delivers key functionalities such as grid-forming, synthetic inertia, fast-frequency response, voltage control, interoperability, and much more, helping operators manage complexity and unlock capacity across: ✅ Transmission systems ✅ Renewable energy integration ✅ Rail infrastructure ✅ Industrial networks Learn more: https://lnkd.in/g9tZptEd #GridEnSure #PowerElectronics #SmartGrid #EnergyInnovation #HitachiEnergy #GridIntegration

🔌 Grid-Following Inverters: The Technical Backbone of Modern Grids Grid-following inverters are the fundamental components enabling today's rapid integration of renewable energy sources. Their primary function is to act as a controlled current source, injecting power into the grid while strictly adhering to its existing conditions. The core of a grid-following inverter's operation is its ability to synchronize with the grid using a Phase-Locked Loop (PLL). The PLL ensures the inverter's output is perfectly aligned with the grid's voltage. This synchronization is captured by the relationship: Vgrid =Vm ⋅ cos(ωt+θ) [1] Here, Vm is the grid voltage magnitude, ω is the angular frequency, and θ is the phase angle, which the PLL tracks precisely. Based on this, the inverter's controller generates the current reference signals (Idref, Iqref) in a rotating reference frame (d-q frame) to control active and reactive power flow: ● Active Power (P): Controlled by the d-axis current. P = 3 ÷ 2 (Vd ⋅Id + Vq ⋅ Iq ) [2] ● Reactive Power (Q): Controlled by the q-axis current. Q = 3 ÷ 2 (Vq ⋅ Id −Vd ⋅ Iq ) [3] ● In grid-following mode, the inverter aligns its d-axis with the grid voltage vector, making Vq approximately zero. This simplifies the power equations to: P≈ 3 ÷ 2 (Vd ⋅ Id) [3] Q≈ - 3 ÷ 2 (Vd ⋅ Iq) [4] ● This allows for the independent control of active power (via Id ) and reactive power (via Iq), enabling the inverter to follow grid commands. ● Conclusion: While a highly effective strategy for today's centralized grids, grid-following inverters are dependent on a strong grid for stability. The rise of renewables is changing this, paving the way for #gridforming solutions that can create their own stable voltage and frequency. What are your thoughts on the future balance between grid-following and grid-forming technologies? 🤔 Will they coexist, or will one eventually dominate? #PowerElectronics #GridFollowing #RenewableEnergy #ElectricalEngineering #SmartGrid #PowerSystems #EnergyTransition

Battery Backup: Theory vs. Reality in Solar System Design At WHT Energy, we’re bridging the gap between theoretical promises and real-world performance in solar battery backups. Theory vs. Reality: Paper calculations (Ah × V / Load) predict 6 hours, but real-world factors cut this to 4.1 hours—32% less due to efficiency and health losses. Key Factors: Depth of Discharge (80%), Efficiency (90%), and State of Health (95% new, 80% aging) reshape backup time estimates. Realistic Formula: Use (Ah × V × DoD × Efficiency × SoH) / Load for accurate planning—e.g., 150Ah, 48V, 1200W yields 4.1 hours vs. 6 hours theoretical. Design Tips: Oversize by 30-40%, prioritize critical loads, and add monitoring to ensure reliability during outages. WHT Advantage: Our BESS deployments stabilize grids and optimize solar integration, delivering trusted energy solutions. Reliable backup isn’t just numbers—it’s peace of mind. At WHT Energy, we’re powering a sustainable future with practical expertise. Ready to design smarter? Contact us at info@wht-global.com or visit www.wht-global.com. #SolarEnergy #BatteryBackup #RenewableEnergy #SolarDesign #WHTEnergy #EnergyStorage #SustainableTech #BESS #GridReliability #CleanEnergy