OCT can monitor neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis, study finds

Ophthopedia Update:OCT can monitor neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis: Neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis can be monitored via OCT of inner retinal layers in the macular region, according to a study published in Frontiers in Neurology. “Recent developments in the OCT software make it possible to identify and measure each retinal layer thickness separately and more reliably,” Ori Zahavi, a PhD student in the unit of optometry at Karolinska Institute in Sweden, and colleagues wrote. “The aim of the present study is to evaluate the structural loss of individual inner retinal layers and identify the most affected layer in patients with MS within the three #ophthalmology #eye #eyenews

The Retina as a Biomarker for Neurological Health Recent advancements are highlighting the profound connection between the eye and the brain, positioning routine ophthalmological exams as a potential frontier for early Alzheimer's Disease (AD) detection. The retina, an extension of the central nervous system, can exhibit subtle yet quantifiable changes in the presence of neurodegenerative processes. The accumulation of amyloid-beta and tau proteins—the pathological hallmarks of AD—is not limited to the brain but can also be observed in the retina. Through non-invasive techniques like Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and high-resolution retinal imaging, we can identify key biomarkers. These include a measurable thinning of the Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer (RNFL), changes in vascular density, and in some cases, the presence of specific protein aggregates. These findings may serve as early indicators, years before cognitive decline becomes clinically apparent. Integrating these insights into clinical practice could pave the way for a simple, cost-effective, and non-invasive screening tool for AD. This underscores the critical importance of a comprehensive approach to patient care, where a routine eye exam is not just about vision correction, but a vital part of a broader health assessment. #Ophthalmology #Alzheimers #Neurology #Biomarkers #HealthcareInnovation #Retina #OCT #MedicalResearch

Delving into the profound connection between the eye and the brain. Retinal imaging, as depicted here, is rapidly emerging as a critical non-invasive biomarker for neurological health. These advanced diagnostic techniques allow us to visualize intricate microvascular changes and neural structures, offering invaluable insights for early detection and monitoring of various neurological conditions. A truly exciting frontier in patient care. #pharmacy #RetinalImaging #Ophthalmology #Neurology #Neuroscience #Biomarker #Diagnostics

Check out the October issue of The Lancet Neurology, live today!   📜 Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis This month, the journal publishes the 2024 revisions of the McDonald criteria for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis, resulting from a large international collaborative effort. The main Position Paper recapitulates the revised criteria: a unified diagnostic approach in individuals with relapsing or progressive courses throughout the lifespan. It also highlights substantial updates, including the optic nerve as a fifth anatomical location for diagnosis. Especially topical with #ECTRIMS2025 on the horizon! 📑Learn more here: https://lnkd.in/dXZUbb4Z To explore further, don’t miss the two companion papers on the recommendations for the use of MRI, and of optical coherence tomography and visual evoked potentials as paraclinical tests supporting diagnosis. Additionally, we feature two linked comments and 🎙️ a podcast episode with Professor Shiv Saidha. 👉 Find the full content on our website: https://lnkd.in/dU58KAvQ   💊Migraine prevention New evidence supports candesartan’s efficacy in preventing episodic migraines. A randomised, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial shows a reduction in migraine days with daily candesartan 16 mg over 9-12-weeks, with good tolerability. 📑Read the full Article here: https://lnkd.in/dGHVkfGc   🧠 Lobar intracerebral haemorrhage An individual participant data meta-analysis indicates that the Edinburgh CT and genetic diagnostic criteria for cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related lobar intracerebral haemorrhage are associated with a greater incidence of recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage. 📑Read the full Article here: https://lnkd.in/dNtHCdEf   Our Editorial Focus – Epilepsy This month’s editorial resonates with our third article on sleep biomarkers linked to sudden unexpected death in epilepsy.   👉 Remember to check the full issue here: https://lnkd.in/dU58KAvQ 🎨 Cover credit: Shonagh Rae

📣 #Completed #Enrollment Following a Phase 1 study in #GBM, demonstrating acceptable tolerability and safety, the Phase 2b study enrolled 50 eligible patients aged 18 to 75 across multiple U.S. sites, reflecting strong interest from both patients and investigators in BPM31510. The study is led by Seema Nagpal, MD, Clinical Professor of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford Department of Medicine. Glioblastoma remains one of the most aggressive malignancies, with five-year survival below 10%. Nearly all patients relapse following standard-of-care therapy, which includes surgical resection, radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy with TMZ. The poor prognosis highlights the need for novel approaches that address the fundamental biology of the disease. GBM is characterized and driven by certain mitochondrial alterations, most notably metabolic reprogramming (the Warburg effect) and a decreased capacity to undergo apoptosis, leading to its highly aggressive phenotypes. Read the press release: https://lnkd.in/gjD3fqAe #phase2trial #braincancer #neurology #Mitochondria #clinicaltrial

In a study published in NEJM Group, PRLs were shown to have a potential role in accurately diagnosing patients with #Multiple_Sclerosis based on MRI. https://ow.ly/rWME50WZ4CQ CMSC National MS Society American Academy of Neurology

Since I created the original slide in May 2025, there have been numerous updates to the treatment landscape in generalized Myasthenia Gravis. This is the latest edition of the slide. Most notable and immediate is the pending FDA review in December 2025 for Inebilizumab-CDON. Potential ORAL options are emerging in the complement inhibitor space, the B cell modulator space and the T cell depletion strategies. Most interesting is what is happening on the far left of the diagram, with NMD and COUR pharma's emerging candidates. We could not help advance the science without the help of our fine collaborators Muscular Dystrophy Association and #MyastheniaGravisFoundationMichigan and their president and relentless rare disease advocate Susan Woolner, CPXP. #Neuromuscular #Neurology Muscular Dystrophy Association Michigan State University

𝐏𝐬𝐞𝐮𝐝𝐨𝐭𝐮𝐦𝐨𝐫 𝐂𝐞𝐫𝐞𝐛𝐫𝐢 𝐌𝐚𝐫𝐤𝐞𝐭: 𝐀𝐝𝐝𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐚 𝐑𝐢𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐍𝐞𝐮𝐫𝐨𝐥𝐨𝐠𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐥 𝐁𝐮𝐫𝐝𝐞𝐧 𝐆𝐞𝐭 𝐅𝐫𝐞𝐞 𝐒𝐚𝐦𝐩𝐥𝐞 𝐂𝐨𝐩𝐲 𝐇𝐞𝐫𝐞: https://lnkd.in/dunumUBR Pseudotumor Cerebri, also known as Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH), is a rare but increasingly recognized neurological condition that mimics the symptoms of a brain tumor—without the presence of one. 📈 𝐌𝐚𝐫𝐤𝐞𝐭 𝐈𝐧𝐬𝐢𝐠𝐡𝐭: Increasing prevalence, particularly among women of childbearing age and individuals with obesity, is driving the need for more effective diagnostics and therapies. Demand is rising for advanced imaging, minimally invasive shunt procedures, and targeted pharmacological solutions. Ongoing clinical trials are exploring novel therapeutics aimed at reducing intracranial pressure and improving patient quality of life. 🌍 As awareness grows and diagnosis improves, the Pseudotumor Cerebri market is poised for growth—both in treatment innovation and patient support solutions. 🔬 𝐎𝐩𝐩𝐨𝐫𝐭𝐮𝐧𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐞𝐬 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐈𝐧𝐧𝐨𝐯𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧: Drug development targeting cerebrospinal fluid dynamics AI-driven diagnostic tools to reduce misdiagnosis Patient-centric care models in neurology and ophthalmology #PseudotumorCerebri #IdiopathicIntracranialHypertension #Neuroscience #RareDiseases #NeuroOphthalmology #HealthcareInnovation #MedTech #PatientCare #PharmaceuticalResearch #ClinicalTrials

🏥🧠 A rare and dramatic neurointensive care case: fulminant ADEM in a young adult – where neurology, intensive care, and neurosurgery came together 📄 Published in Frontiers in Medicine | Research Topic: Case Reports in Intensive Care Medicine 2025 🔗 https://lnkd.in/ef-WqBwE 🔗 Full text https://lnkd.in/eY6SFf98 A 26-year-old previously healthy patient developed fulminant Mycoplasma pneumoniae-associated acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) after a respiratory infection. The patient experienced rapid neurological deterioration with refractory intracranial hypertension and signs of transtentorial herniation, requiring emergency decompressive hemicraniectomy. Intensive immunotherapy with corticosteroids and IVIG combined with targeted antimicrobial treatment ultimately led to neurological recovery. 🔑 Neurointensive care highlights • Rare but severe adult ADEM • Diagnostic complexity at the intersection of infection, autoimmunity and demyelination • Escalation from conservative ICP therapy to life-saving neurosurgery • Interdisciplinary teamwork as the decisive factor This case underlines how neurointensive medicine integrates diagnostics, immunotherapy and neurosurgical strategies to achieve remarkable outcomes in life-threatening CNS disorders. #NeurocriticalCare #IntensiveCare #ADEM #CaseReport #Neurology #NeuroICU Benjamin Ruf, M.D. Gábor Kozák Reimer Riessen Ulf Ziemann Annerose Mengel

In work we recently published, we used a theoretical model we developed that can predict cortical connections in mammals, to predict the direction and progression of tau pathology in neurodegeneration. In addition, we developed a computational model that can accurately track cortical connectivity and pathological tau spread via connections in the human brain. This work provides the framework to better understand human brain connectivity, its disruptions in neurological and psychiatric disorders, and neurodegeneration. Barbas H, Garcia-Cabezas MÁ, John Y, Bautista J, McKee A, Zikopoulos B. Cortical circuit principles predict patterns of trauma induced tauopathy in humans. Cereb Cortex. 2025 Aug 1;35(8):bhaf209. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhaf209. PMID: 40817910; PMCID: PMC12357493. https://lnkd.in/eNeD5Sme