How Node.js handles massive concurrency with epoll and event-driven architecture

View profile for Ritesh Kumar

MERN stack developer || Software developer || Fullstack developer

One of the key reasons Node.js handles massive concurrency so efficiently is because of its event-driven architecture and the use of epoll (on Linux) under the hood via libuv. Here’s why this matters: Event-Driven & Non-Blocking – Instead of creating a thread per connection (like traditional servers do), Node.js runs a single-threaded event loop with a small worker pool in the background for blocking tasks. Epoll-Powered Efficiency – On Linux, epoll notifies Node.js only about ready connections, avoiding the overhead of scanning every connection each time. (On macOS/Windows, equivalent mechanisms like kqueue and IOCP are used.) Nginx-Style Architecture – This model is similar to how Nginx serves thousands of concurrent requests using minimal resources. Better Resource Utilization – Low memory footprint and CPU usage for I/O-heavy workloads, making it perfect for APIs, real-time apps, and microservices. Takeaway: This combination of event loop + epoll is what allows Node.js to scale gracefully and handle thousands of concurrent connections without needing a thread for each request. #NodeJS #Epoll #WebPerformance #BackendDevelopment #Scalability #HighConcurrency #SoftwareEngineering

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