What a Capacitor Really Stores: Electrical Charge

Basics of Electronics Voltage ⚡ – The potential difference that drives electric charges. Current 🔄 – The actual flow of electrons through a conductor. Power 💡 – The rate at which electrical energy is consumed or transferred. Resistor – Opposes the flow of current and controls the voltage in a circuit. Variable Resistor 🎚️ – Adjusts resistance manually, often used for controlling brightness or volume. Thermistor 🌡️ – A resistor that changes its resistance with temperature. Diode ➡️🚫 – Allows current to flow only in one direction, acting as a one-way gate. Transistor 🔀 – A tiny switch or amplifier that forms the heart of modern electronics. Inductor 🌀 – Stores energy in a magnetic field when current flows through it. Capacitor – Stores electrical energy in an electric field and releases it when required. Transformer 🔄 – Transfers electrical energy between circuits, stepping voltage up or down. Switch 🔘 – A simple device used to open or close an electrical circuit. #Electronics #LearningJourney #Engineering #Basics

Basic Electrical Components ⚡ The Building Blocks of Electronics ⚡ Every electronic device you see is made of these basic components: 🔴 Resistor – Controls current flow. 🔵 Capacitor – Stores and releases electrical energy. ⚪ Diode – Allows current in one direction only. 🟤 Inductor – Stores energy in a magnetic field. ⚫ Transistor – Amplifies or switches signals. 🟡 Transformer – Steps up or down voltage. 👉 Mastering these basics is the first step toward becoming an expert in electrical and electronics. #Engineering #Electronics #ElectricalBasics #Learning

🚀 Day 3 of My Power Electronics Challenge 📌 Topic: Active & Passive Components ⚡ Active Components Definition: Components that need an external power source to function and are capable of controlling the flow of current. Examples: Transistors, Diodes, ICs, SCRs, MOSFETs. Key Role: Amplification, switching, and signal control in electronic circuits. 🔋 Passive Components Definition: Components that do not require an external power source and cannot amplify signals. Examples: Resistors, Capacitors, Inductors, Transformers. Key Role: Store, resist, or dissipate energy to support overall circuit operation. ✨ In Short: ➡️ Active = Control + Amplify + Need Power ➡️ Passive = Support + Store/Dissipate + No Power Needed #Day3 #PowerElectronics #Transistors #ElectronicsEngineering #LearningJourney #PrachiTijare

What will happen if DC supply is given on the primary of a transformer? Mainly transformer has high inductance and low resistance.In case of DC supply there is no inductance ,only resistance will act in the electrical circuit. So high electrical current will flow through primary side of the transformer.So for this reason coil and insulation will burn out. #electrical #electronics #transformer #machine #Directcurrent

This is a Full Wave Precision Rectifier circuit using operational amplifiers (LM358D) and diodes (1N4148). Unlike conventional diode rectifiers, which suffer from a forward voltage drop (~0.7 V), a precision rectifier allows rectification of very small input signals by using op-amps to compensate for diode losses. Working: The first stage with op-amp U1, resistors (R1, R2), and diodes (D1, D2) acts as an absolute value generator. It inverts and rectifies the input signal, ensuring that both positive and negative half-cycles are properly shaped. Diodes D1 and D2 direct current flow depending on input polarity. R3 and R4 feed the rectified signal to the second stage. The second op-amp (U2) with R5 acts as a summing amplifier and inverter, ensuring that the output is always positive regardless of the input polarity. Applications: Precision AC signal measurement, waveform generation, instrumentation, and low-level signal detection where ordinary diodes fail. #ElectronicsEducation #electronics #rectifier

🔹 1. Half Wave Rectifier Components: 1 diode Working: Allows current only during the positive half of AC. Output: Only half of the AC signal is used. Waveform: Gaps between pulses (not smooth). 🔹 2. Full Wave Rectifier (Center Tap) Components: 2 diodes + center-tapped transformer Working: Both halves of the AC are used – each diode conducts during alternate half-cycles. Output: More continuous than half wave. Waveform: Pulses are closer together. 🔹 3. Bridge Rectifier Components: 4 diodes (no center tap needed) Working: Uses both halves of AC like the full wave rectifier. Advantage: No special transformer needed. Output: Similar to full wave – smooth and continuous pulses. 📘 This explanation is part of the training sessions at SAN TECHNOVATION PVT LTD, aimed at building strong fundamentals in power electronics. #RectifierBasics #ElectronicsLearning #HalfWaveRectifier #FullWaveRectifier #BridgeRectifier #ACtoDC #PowerElectronics #ElectronicsCourse #TechTraining #EngineeringMadeSimple

⚡ Active or Passive Component: Do You Think You Know the Difference? In this 2nd post of my series on PID control in electronics, I propose to look at this distinction from a much more practical angle. We all learn that: • 🔹 A passive component consumes energy (resistor, lamp, capacitor…). • 🔹 An active component uses a power supply to amplify or generate a signal (op-amp, transistor…). Simple, right ? Well… not really. 👉 So how can a passive circuit perform the same function as an active one, even though their nature is completely different? 🤔 When we apply this difference to an electronic PID, the impact is immediate: • ⚙️ Passive → simple, cost-effective… but inevitable losses. • ⚙️ Active → amplification, better precision… but watch out for saturation! ❗ Before designing a PID, don’t forget to: 1️⃣ Study the system stability (open-loop and closed-loop) 2️⃣ Calculate the P, I, and D coefficients (tuning) 3️⃣ Then build the circuit. 🎁 In this post, I share with you a practical document that includes: • Simple & beginner-friendly guide to designing P action in electronic. • LTspice simulations to visualize the electronic parameters. • Falstad demos to test passive vs. active in real time. 💬 And you? Do you know how to reduce voltage drop in a purely passive circuit (at least for small loads) 🤔❓ 📌 Additional resources: 👉 Part 1 - Intro to PID controller : https://lnkd.in/enD9aMhq 👉 Falstad Demo (Passive Implementation) : https://lnkd.in/eGewaKQY 👉 Falstad Demo (Active Implementation) : https://lnkd.in/eJyndKS6 #Electronics #Automation #Engineering #PID #Controller #ControlSystems #EmbeddedSystems #LTspice #Falstad

𝐁𝐫𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐜𝐥𝐚𝐫𝐢𝐭𝐲 𝐭𝐨 𝐲𝐨𝐮𝐫 𝐄𝐌𝐂 𝐭𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐬 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐟𝐢𝐛𝐞𝐫-𝐨𝐩𝐭𝐢𝐜 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐬 Reliable signal transfer starts with clean isolation. Fiber-optic converters transform electrical signals into optical and back again, ensuring interference-free, accurate measurements in even the harshest environments. 𝑲𝒆𝒚 𝒇𝒆𝒂𝒕𝒖𝒓𝒆𝒔: ➡️Galvanic isolation for operator safety and noise-free data ➡️Wide frequency support from DC to GHz ranges ➡️Harsh-environment ready, immune to electromagnetic interference ➡️Modular design with built-in attenuators, preamps, and smart monitoring features 𝑰𝒅𝒆𝒂𝒍 𝒇𝒐𝒓: ☑️EMC testing of sensitive DUTs ☑️Measuring fast transients or floating voltages ☑️High-voltage substations, power electronics, and research labs When measurement integrity matters, fiber-optic links keep your signals clean, safe, and precise. Reach out and see how fiber optics can shed light on your toughest test challenges 📞703.365.2330 📩emcsales@hvtechnologies.com #EMCTesting #HighVoltage #FiberOptics #TestEquipment #EngineeringSolutions #TestingInnovation #ElectricalTesting #PowerElectronics #MeasurementAccuracy #HighVoltageTesting

This block diagram shows a typical DC power supply system, which converts AC mains voltage into a stable DC output. AC Mains: The input is alternating current from the power line. Transformer: Steps up or steps down the AC voltage to the desired level. Rectifier: Converts AC voltage into pulsating DC (usually using diodes). Filter: Removes ripples from the rectified signal, producing smoother DC using capacitors/inductors. Regulator: Maintains a constant DC output voltage regardless of input variations or load changes. DC Output: Provides stable voltage (VL) and current (IL) to the load (RL). In short, it converts fluctuating AC mains into a smooth, regulated DC supply suitable for electronic circuits. #ElectronicsEducation #electronics #voltageregulator #filters

Do we use 230V or 320V from our wall outlets? Most people get this wrong. ⚡ #Engineering #ElectricalEngineering #Electronics #TechFacts #PowerSystems We all call it 230V AC, but an oscilloscope shows the voltage actually swinging up to 320V. So which one is the real voltage? It’s both, and understanding the difference is a key insight for anyone in engineering or product design. 230V is the RMS Voltage: The "working" value. This is the equivalent DC voltage that delivers the same power. Use it for calculating energy consumption and everyday applications. 320V is the Peak Voltage: The maximum stress value. This is the instantaneous voltage components like capacitors and insulation must withstand. Ignoring this could lead to a very costly mistake. The takeaway: A "simple" 230V rating hides a much higher peak. Knowing when to use each value is the difference between a successful design and a failure.