Your First SQL Queries — SELECT, FROM, WHERE

Your First SQL Queries — SELECT, FROM, WHERE

How Analysts Pull the Right Data to Answer Real Business Questions

SQL (Structured Query Language) is the lingua franca of data. If you can write a basic query, you can unlock insights hiding in millions of rows of business data.

In this article, you’ll learn:

  • The core building blocks of a SQL query

  • How to filter data using business criteria

  • Real-world scenarios inspired by data-driven companies like Netflix, Amazon, Uber & Salesforce

  • Practice patterns you can reuse in any analytics role


🔧 The Core Query Pattern

Every beginner SQL query starts with three essential keywords:

SELECT – What do you want to see? (columns, calculated values) FROM – Where is the data stored? (table or view) WHERE – Which rows matter? (filters tied to the business question)


🧱 Know Your Data: Tables, Rows, Columns

Think of a table like a spreadsheet tab — but way more scalable. Each row = one record (customer, order, trip, transaction). Each column = one attribute (city, amount, date).

When analysts combine tables using keys (e.g., Customer_ID), they get the full story: Who bought what, when, where, and for how much.


🎯 Start With a Business Question (Always)

“Show me all customers in Mumbai who spent more than ₹10,000 last quarter.” “Find rides in Bengaluru longer than 30 minutes during peak hours.” “List open sales opportunities over $50K that haven’t been updated in 14+ days.”

Each of these becomes an approachable SQL query. Let’s translate them.


🧩 Real-World-Style Scenarios & SQL Examples

(These are instructional scenarios inspired by how large data-driven companies operate. Use the patterns with your own business data.)


🎬 Scenario 1: Streaming Engagement by City (Netflix-Style)

Business Question: Which users in Hyderabad watched more than 10 hours of content last month?

Tables: ,

Why it matters: Target high-engagement users for early feature rollouts or region-specific promotions.


📦 Scenario 2: High-Value Orders by Region (Amazon-Style)

Business Question: Show all orders over ₹50,000 placed in India during July 2025.

Table:

Why it matters: Identify top-value transactions for premium support, fraud checks, or loyalty programs.


🚗 Scenario 3: Trip Delay Investigation (Uber-Style)

Business Question: Find completed trips in Delhi with ride times > 45 minutes during weekday peak hours (5–8 PM).

Table:

Calculated ride time = .

Why it matters: Ops teams can investigate traffic spikes, routing issues, or driver shortages.


💼 Scenario 4: Stalled High-Value Deals (Salesforce-Style)

Business Question: Which active opportunities over $100K haven’t been updated in 30+ days?

Table:

Why it matters: Sales leadership can intervene before large deals stall or die.


🧠 Understanding the WHERE Clause: Filters That Answer Questions

The WHERE clause is where business logic lives. Here are common patterns:


🧮 Quick Practice Dataset

Imagine a and schema:

Try These:

Q1: All Chennai customers.

Q2: Orders above ₹1 lakh (100,000).

Q3: Enterprise customers with high-value July orders.


🧭 Analyst Mindset Checklist (Before You Query)

Before writing SQL, ask:

  • Who is the audience? Ops, finance, marketing?

  • What decision will this data support?

  • What filters define “in scope”? Dates? Geography? Status? Threshold?

  • What does “active,” “delivered,” or “churned” mean in business terms?

  • Which tables store the needed columns? (Schema review saves time!)


🧑‍🏫 Teaching Tip (For Managers & Educators)

Give new analysts a spreadsheet of sample business questions and have them only write the WHERE clause first in natural language:

“Filter for India + July + Orders > ₹50K + Delivered.”

Then translate to SQL. This reinforces that SQL answers business questions, not just database trivia.


📥 This Week’s Download

🎁 Database Glossary


💬 Let’s Talk SQL

What’s the first real business question you want to answer with SQL? Drop it below and I’ll help you write the query. 👇

#SQL #SQLForBeginners #Databases #BusinessAnalytics #DataDriven #Amazon #Netflix #Uber #Salesforce #DataSkills #AnalyticsCareer #LinkedInNewsletter

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