plant pathology pathology plant disease management history life cycle mode of action nano formulations mutation evolution biofungicide pathogen capsule application sucker treatment microbigation drip irrigation high volume spray applied plant pathology foliar application delivery system bacteria serological method detection diagnosis antibody production pcr based techniques lamp microarrays agglutination test ouchterlony double diffusion t nano technology nano science target delivery agricultural innovation crop protection precision farming disease prevention nano sensors nano structures quantum mechanics surface area volume ratio top-down approaches bottom up approaches green synthesis plant extracts characterization of nanopartic biocontrol agent trichoderma seed treatment seedling root dipping epidemiology disease resistance forecasting host factors pathogen factor environmental factor time human factor population biology ecology genetic fungicide mycology heterokaryosis fungi biotechnology genetics diploidization anastomosis phylogeny development classification soil application dna template primers dna polymerase nested pcr rapd multiplex pcr sybr green dye-based method taqman pcr plant patology is gps temporal spatial variability disease management seasonal dynamics epidemics localized hotspot population dynamis inoculum survival and dispersal plant science timeline
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