Argwings-Kodhek, G., Jayne, T. S., Nyambane, G., Awuor, T. and Yamano, T. ‘How can microlevel household information make a difference for agricultural policy making? Selected examples from the KAMPAP survey of smallholder agriculture and non-farm activities for selected districts in Kenya’, Mimeo, 1998.
Ariga, J. and Jayne, T. S. ‘Private sector responses to public investments and policy reforms: The case of fertilizer and maize market development in Kenya’, IFPRI Discussion Paper No. 00921 (International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, 2009).
Arndt, C., Pauw, K. and Thurlow, J. ‘The economywide impacts and risks of Malawi’s Farm Input Subsidy Programme’, WIDER Working Paper No. 2014/099 (UNU-WIDER, Helsinki, Finland, 2014).
Becker, S. O. and Caliendo, M. ‘Sensitivity analysis for average treatment effects’, Stata Journal, Vol. 7(1), (2007) pp. 71–83.
Carter, M., Laajaj, R. and Yang, D. ‘The impact of voucher coupons on the uptake of fertilizer and improved seed: Evidence from a randomized trial in Mozambique’, American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Vol. 95(5), (2013) pp. 1345–1351.
Chibwana, C., Fisher, M. and Shively, G. ‘Cropland allocation effects of agricultural input subsidies in Malawi’, World Development, Vol. 40(1), (2012) pp. 124–133.
Chirwa, T. G. ‘Program evaluation of agricultural input subsidies in Malawi using treatment effects: Methods and practicability based on propensity scores’, Munich Personal RePEc Archive Paper No. 21236 (Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany, 2010).
Dehejia, D. and Wahba, S. ‘Propensity score-matching methods for nonexperimental case studies’, The Review of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 84(1), (2002) pp. 151–161.
Dillon, A. ‘The effect of irrigation on poverty reduction, asset accumulation and informal insurance: Evidence from Northern Mali’, World Development, Vol. 39(12), (2011) pp. 2165– 2175.
DiPrete, T. A. and Gangl, M. ‘Assessing bias in the estimation of causal effects: Rosenbaum bounds on matching estimators and instrumental variables estimation with imperfect instruments’, Sociological Methodology, Vol. 34(1), (2004) pp. 271–310.
Foster, J., Greer, J. and Thorbecke, E. ‘A class of decomposable poverty measures’, Econometrica, Vol. 52(3), (1984), pp. 761−766.
- Guo, S. and Fraser, M. W. Propensity Score Analysis: Statistical Methods and Applications, 2nd edition (London, UK: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2015).
Paper not yet in RePEc: Add citation now
Heckman, J. J., Ichimura, H. and Todd, P. E. ‘Matching as an econometric evaluation estimator: Evidence from evaluating a job training programme’, The Review of Economic Studies, Vol. 64(4), (1997) pp. 605–654.
Heckman, J. J., Ichimura, H. and Todd, P. E. ‘Matching as an econometric evaluation estimator’, The Review of Economic Studies, Vol. 65(2), (1998) pp. 261–294.
- Holland, P. W. ‘Statistics and causal inference’, Journal of the American Statistical Association, Vol. 81(396), (1986) pp. 945–960.
Paper not yet in RePEc: Add citation now
Imbens, G. W. and Wooldridge, J. W. ‘Recent developments in the econometrics of program evaluation’, Journal of Economic Literature, Vol. 47(1), (2009) pp. 5–86.
- Imbens, G. W. and Wooldridge, J. W. ‘What’s new in econometrics? Difference-indifferences estimation’, Mimeo, 2007.
Paper not yet in RePEc: Add citation now
Jayne, T. S. and Rashid, S. ‘Input subsidy programs in sub-Saharan Africa: A synthesis of recent evidence’, Agricultural Economics, Vol. 44(6), (2013) pp. 547−562.
- Jayne, T. S., Mason, N. M. and Burke, W. J. ‘Agricultural input subsidy programs in Africa: An assessment of recent evidence’, Background report prepared for the World Bank flagship report on Options for Agricultural Expenditure in Africa, 2015.
Paper not yet in RePEc: Add citation now
Jayne, T. S., Mather, D., Mason, N. M. and Ricker-Gilbert, J. ‘How do fertilizer subsidy programs affect total fertilizer use in sub-Saharan Africa? Crowding out, diversion, and benefit/cost assessments’, Agricultural Economics, Vol. 44(6), (2013) pp. 687−703.
- Liverpoolâ€Tasie, L. S. O. ‘Do vouchers improve government fertilizer distribution? Evidence from Nigeria’, Agricultural Economics, Vol. 45(4), (2014b) pp. 393−407.
Paper not yet in RePEc: Add citation now
- Liverpoolâ€Tasie, L. S. O. ‘Fertilizer subsidies and private market participation: The case of Kano State, Nigeria’, Agricultural Economics, Vol. 45(6), (2014a) pp. 663−678.
Paper not yet in RePEc: Add citation now
Lunduka, R., Ricker-Gilbert, J. and Fisher, M. ‘What are the farm-level impacts of Malawi’s Farm Input Subsidy Program? A critical review’, Agricultural Economics, Vol. 44(6), (2013) pp.
Mason, N. M. and Jayne, T. S. ‘Fertiliser subsidies and smallholder commercial fertiliser purchases: Crowding out, leakage, and policy implications for Zambia’, Journal of Agricultural Economics, Vol. 64(3), (2013) pp. 558−582.
Mason, N. M. and Tembo, S. ‘Do input subsidy programs raise incomes and reduce poverty among smallholder farm households? Panel survey evidence from Zambia’, IAPRI Working Paper No. 92 (Indaba Agricultural Policy Research Institute, Lusaka, Zambia, 2015).
Mason, N. M., Jayne, T. S. and Mofya-Mukuka, R. ‘Zambia’s input subsidy programs’, Agricultural Economics, Vol. 44(6), (2013) pp. 613−628.
Mathenge, M., Smale, M. and Olwande, J. ‘The impacts of hybrid maize seed on the welfare of farming households in Kenya’, Food Policy, Vol. 44, (2014) pp. 262−271.
- Mather, D. and Jayne, T. S. ‘Fertilizer subsidies and the role of targeting in crowding-out: An assessment of smallholder fertilizer demand in Kenya’, Selected paper prepared for the International Conference of Agricultural Economics (Milan, Italy, 9-14 August, 2015).
Paper not yet in RePEc: Add citation now
- MOA (Ministry of Agriculture). The National Accelerated Agricultural Inputs Access Program (NAAIAP): Program Design and Implementation Framework (MOA, Nairobi, Kenya, 2007).
Paper not yet in RePEc: Add citation now
- MOA. NAAIAP Progress Report, April 2013 (MOA, Nairobi, Kenya, 2013).
Paper not yet in RePEc: Add citation now
- MOA. The National Accelerated Agricultural Inputs Access Program (NAAIAP) Implementation Guidelines, Workplan and Budget, 2012-2013 (MOA, Nairobi, Kenya, 2012).
Paper not yet in RePEc: Add citation now
- MOA. The National Accelerated Agricultural Inputs Access Program (NAAIAP): Progress and Way Forward for NAAIAP (MOA, Nairobi, Kenya, 2010).
Paper not yet in RePEc: Add citation now
Morris, M. L., Kelly, V. A., Kopicki, R. J. and Byerlee, D. Fertilizer Use in African Agriculture: Lessons Learned and Good Practice Guidelines (Washington, DC: World Bank, 2007).
- Republic of Kenya. Basic Report on Well-being in Kenya (Nairobi, Kenya: Kenya National Bureau of Statistics, 2007).
Paper not yet in RePEc: Add citation now
Ricker-Gilbert, J. and Jayne, T. S. ‘Do fertilizer subsidies boost staple crop production and reduce poverty across the distribution of smallholders in Africa? Quantile regression results from Malawi’, Selected paper presented at the International Association for Agricultural Economists (IAAE) Triennial Conference, Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil, 18-24 August, 2012.
Ricker-Gilbert, J. and Jayne, T. S. ‘What are the enduring effects of fertilizer subsidy programs on recipient farm households? Evidence from Malawi’, Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics Staff Paper No. 2011-09 (Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 2011).
- Ricker-Gilbert, J., Jayne, T. S. and Chirwa, E. ‘Subsidies and crowding out: A doublehurdle model of fertilizer demand in Malawi’, American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Vol. 93(1), (2011) pp. 26−42.
Paper not yet in RePEc: Add citation now
- Rosenbaum, P. R. and Rubin, D. B. ‘The central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects’, Biometrika, Vol. 70(1), (1983), pp. 41-55.
Paper not yet in RePEc: Add citation now
- Rosenbaum, P. R. Observational Studies (New York, NY: Springer, 2002).
Paper not yet in RePEc: Add citation now
Sheahan, M., Black, R. and Jayne, T. S. ‘Are Kenyan farmers under-utilizing fertilizer? Implications for input intensification strategies’, Food Policy, Vol. 41, (2013), pp. 39−52.
Sheahan, M., Olwande, J., Kirimi, L. and Jayne, T. S. ‘Targeting of subsidized fertilizer under Kenya’s Accelerated Agricultural Input Access Program (NAAIAP)’, Working Paper No. 52/2014 (Tegemeo Institute of Agricultural Policy and Development, Nairobi, Kenya, 2014).
Takeshima, H., Nkonya, E. and Deb, S. ‘Impact of fertilizer subsidies on the commercial fertilizer sector in Nigeria: Evidence from previous fertilizer subsidy schemes’, IFPRI Nigeria Strategy Support Program II Working Paper No. 23 (International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, 2012).
Wooldridge, J. M. Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data, 2nd edition (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2010).