This document has not been cited yet.

1. Anochiwa, L. I., Agbanike, T. F., Chukwu, A. B., Ikpe, M., & Otta, N. N. (2022). Urbanization and carbon emissions: looking at the role of mobile phone adoption in Sub-Saharan African countries. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29(52), 78526-78541.
   Paper not yet in RePEc: Add citation now
   
2. Anser, M. K., Ahmad, M., Khan, M. A., Zaman, K., Nassani, A. A., Askar, S. E., & Kabbani, A. (2021). The role of information and communication technologies in mitigating carbon emissions: evidence from panel quantile regression. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28, 2106521084.
   Paper not yet in RePEc: Add citation now
   
3. Arshad, Z., Robaina, M., & Botelho, A. (2020). The role of ICT in energy consumption and environment: an empirical investigation of Asian economies with cluster analysis. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27, 32913-32932.
   Paper not yet in RePEc: Add citation now
   
4. Bianchini, S., Damioli, G., & Ghisetti, C. (2023). The environmental effects of the “twin” green and digital transition in European regions. Environmental and Resource Economics, 84(4), 877-918.
   Paper not yet in RePEc: Add citation now
   
5. Charfeddine, L., & Kahia, M. (2021). Do information and communication technology and renewable energy use matter for carbon dioxide emissions reduction? Evidence from the Middle East and North Africa region. Journal of Cleaner Production, 327, 129410.
   Paper not yet in RePEc: Add citation now
   
6. Chen, X., Gong, X., Li, D., & Zhang, J. (2019). Can information and communication technology reduce CO2 emissions? A quantile regression analysis. Environmental Science and Pollution INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN SOCIAL SCIENCE (IJRISS) ISSN No. 2454-6186 | DOI: 10.47772/IJRISS |Volume VIII Issue VI June 2024 Page 2783 www.rsisinternational.org Research, 26, 32977-32992.
   Paper not yet in RePEc: Add citation now
   

7. Chien, F., Anwar, A., Hsu, C. C., Sharif, A., Razzaq, A., & Sinha, A. (2021). The role of information and communication technology in encountering environmental degradation: proposing an SDG framework for the BRICS countries. Technology in Society, 65, 101587.

8. Godil, D. I., Sharif, A., Agha, H., & Jermsittiparsert, K. (2020). The dynamic nonlinear influence of ICT, financial development, and institutional quality on CO2 emission in Pakistan: new insights from QARDL approach. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27, 24190-24200.
   Paper not yet in RePEc: Add citation now
   
9. Hannah Ritchie (2023) - “Global inequalities in CO2 emissions” Published online at OurWorldInData.org. Retrieved from: 'https://ourworldindata.org/inequality-co2' [Online Resource]
   Paper not yet in RePEc: Add citation now
   
10. Howson, P. (2021). Distributed degrowth technology: Challenges for blockchain beyond the green economy. Ecological Economics, 184, 107020.
    Paper not yet in RePEc: Add citation now
    
11. Howson, P., & de Vries, A. (2022). Preying on the poor? Opportunities and challenges for tackling the social and environmental threats of cryptocurrencies for vulnerable and low-income communities. Energy Research & Social Science, 84, 102394.
    Paper not yet in RePEc: Add citation now
    
12. Khan, Y., Oubaih, H., & Elgourrami, F. Z. (2022). The role of private investment in ICT on carbon dioxide emissions (CO2) mitigation: do renewable energy and political risk matter in Morocco? Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29(35), 52885-52899.
    Paper not yet in RePEc: Add citation now
    
13. Moyer, J. D. & Hughes, B. B. (2012). ICTs: do they contribute to increased carbon emissions?. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 79(5), 919-931.
    Paper not yet in RePEc: Add citation now
    
14. Nguyen, T. T., Pham, T. A. T., & Tram, H. T. X. (2020). Role of information and communication technologies and innovation in driving carbon emissions and economic growth in selected G-20 countries. Journal of Environmental Management, 261, 110162.
    Paper not yet in RePEc: Add citation now
    
15. Park, Y., Meng, F., & Baloch, M. A. (2018). The effect of ICT, financial development, growth, and trade openness on CO2 emissions: an empirical analysis. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 25, 30708-30719.
    Paper not yet in RePEc: Add citation now
    
16. Ramzan, M., Raza, S. A., Usman, M., Sharma, G. D., & Iqbal, H. A. (2022). Environmental cost of non-renewable energy and economic progress: do ICT and financial development mitigate some burden? Journal of Cleaner Production, 333, 130066.
    Paper not yet in RePEc: Add citation now
    

17. Shabani, Z. D., & Shahnazi, R. (2019). Energy consumption, carbon dioxide emissions, information and communications technology, and gross domestic product in Iranian economic sectors: A panel causality analysis. Energy, 169, 1064-1078.

18. Shahbaz, M., Uddin, G. S., Rehman, I. U., & Imran, K. (2014). Industrialization, electricity consumption, and CO2 emissions in Bangladesh. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 31, 575-586.
    Paper not yet in RePEc: Add citation now
    
19. Sikder, M., Wang, C., Yao, X., Huai, X., Wu, L., KwameYeboah, F., & Dou, X. (2022). The integrated impact of GDP growth, industrialization, energy use, and urbanization on CO2 emissions in developing countries: evidence from the panel ARDL approach. Science of the Total Environment, 837, 155795.
    Paper not yet in RePEc: Add citation now
    
20. Su, C. W., Xie, Y., Shahab, S., Faisal, C. M. N., Hafeez, M., & Qamri, G. M. (2021). Towards achieving sustainable development: role of technology innovation, technology adoption, and CO2 emission for BRICS. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(1), 277.
    Paper not yet in RePEc: Add citation now
    
21. Truby, J. (2018). Decarbonizing Bitcoin: Law and policy choices for reducing the energy consumption of blockchain technologies and digital currencies. Energy research & social science, 44, 399-410.
    Paper not yet in RePEc: Add citation now
    

22. Ulucak, R., Danish, & Khan, S. U. D. (2020). Does information and communication technology affect CO2 mitigation under the pathway of sustainable development during the mode of globalization? Sustainable Development, 28(4), 857-867.

1. Unveiling the liaison between human capital, trade openness, and environmental sustainability for BRICS economies: Robust panel‐data estimation. (2023). Saud, Shah ; Usman, Muhammad ; Quddoos, Muhammad Umer ; Xia, Enjun ; Haseeb, Abdul.
   In: Natural Resources Forum.
   RePEc:wly:natres:v:47:y:2023:i:2:p:229-256.

   Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

2. The Role of ICT in Creating the Conscious Development of Green Energy Applications in Times of Crisis: Comparison of Poland, Türkiye and Peoples Republic of China. (2023). Chmielarz, Witold ; Atasever, Mesut ; Zborowski, Marek ; Szpakowska, Justyna ; Xuetao, Jin.
   In: European Research Studies Journal.
   RePEc:ers:journl:v:xxvi:y:2023:i:1:p:492-519.

   Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

3. Environmental sustainability in the OECD: The power of digitalization, green innovation, renewable energy and financial development. (2023). Karlilar Pata, Selin ; Emir, FIRAT ; Balcilar, Mehmet.
   In: Telecommunications Policy.
   RePEc:eee:telpol:v:47:y:2023:i:6:s0308596123000794.

   Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

4. How does fiscal decentralization lead to renewable energy transition and a sustainable environment? Evidence from highly decentralized economies. (2023). Sun, Yunpeng ; Gao, Pengpeng ; Razzaq, Asif.
   In: Renewable Energy.
   RePEc:eee:renene:v:206:y:2023:i:c:p:1064-1074.

   Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

5. The contribution of different aspects of financial development to renewable energy consumption in E7 countries: The transition to a sustainable future. (2023). Habiba, Umm E ; Xinbang, Cao.
   In: Renewable Energy.
   RePEc:eee:renene:v:203:y:2023:i:c:p:703-714.

   Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

6. Inclusivity of information and communication technology in ecological governance for sustainable resources management in G10 countries. (2023). Abid, Nabila ; Ceci, Federica ; Razzaq, Asif.
   In: Resources Policy.
   RePEc:eee:jrpoli:v:81:y:2023:i:c:s0301420723000867.

   Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

7. The influence of Twitch and sustainability on the stock returns of video game companies: Before and after COVID-19. (2023). Pieiro-Chousa, Juan ; Caby, Jerome ; Lopez-Cabarcos, Angeles M ; Perez-Pico, Ada M.
   In: Journal of Business Research.
   RePEc:eee:jbrese:v:157:y:2023:i:c:s0148296322010852.

   Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

8. Time-varying impact of information and communication technology on carbon emissions. (2023). SUN, Xianming ; Ren, Xiaohang ; Xiao, Shiyi ; Xu, Bing.
   In: Energy Economics.
   RePEc:eee:eneeco:v:118:y:2023:i:c:s0140988322006211.

   Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

9. Digitalization, positioning in global value chain and carbon emissions embodied in exports: Evidence from global manufacturing production-based emissions. (2023). Huang, Yongming ; Zhang, Yanan.
   In: Ecological Economics.
   RePEc:eee:ecolec:v:205:y:2023:i:c:s0921800922003354.

   Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

10. Moving towards sustainable environmental development for BRICS: Investigating the asymmetric effect of natural resources on CO2. (2022). Guloglu, Bulent ; Gedikli, Ayfer ; Caglar, Abdullah Emre.
    In: Sustainable Development.
    RePEc:wly:sustdv:v:30:y:2022:i:5:p:1313-1325.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

11. Sustainable economic activities, climate change, and carbon risk: an international evidence. (2022). Trinh, Hai ; Ullah, Subhan ; Khan, Muhammad Kamran.
    In: Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development.
    RePEc:spr:endesu:v:24:y:2022:i:7:d:10.1007_s10668-021-01842-x.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

12. Asymmetric and time-varying linkages between carbon emissions, globalization, natural resources and financial development in China. (2022). Guo, Yaqiong ; Fatima, Tehreem ; Ling, Gao ; Shahzad, Farrukh ; Razzaq, Asif.
    In: Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development.
    RePEc:spr:endesu:v:24:y:2022:i:5:d:10.1007_s10668-021-01724-2.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

13. The nexus between urbanization, renewable energy consumption, financial development, and CO2 emissions: evidence from selected Asian countries. (2022). Sinha, Avik ; Sharif, Arshian ; Malik, Summaira ; Irshad, Shoaib ; Siddique, Muhammad ; Anwar, Ahsan.
    In: Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development.
    RePEc:spr:endesu:v:24:y:2022:i:5:d:10.1007_s10668-021-01716-2.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

14. Asymmetric impact of fiscal decentralization and environmental innovation on carbon emissions: Evidence from highly decentralized countries. (2022). Yan, Mengling ; Hassan, Marria ; Malik, Haider Ali ; Razzaq, Asif ; Zhao, ZE.
    In: Energy & Environment.
    RePEc:sae:engenv:v:33:y:2022:i:4:p:752-782.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

15. Measuring the Effectiveness of the Project Management Information System (PMIS) on the Financial Wellness of Rural Households in the Hill Districts of Uttarakhand, India: An IS-FW Model. (2022). PUROHIT, AJAY ; Dangwal, Parshuram G ; Chopra, Gaurav.
    In: Sustainability.
    RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:21:p:13862-:d:952869.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

16. The Influence and Mechanism of Digital Economy on the Development of the Tourism Service Trade—Analysis of the Mediating Effect of Carbon Emissions under the Background of COP26. (2022). Shang, Yunfeng ; Zhang, Jie.
    In: Sustainability.
    RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:20:p:13414-:d:945740.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

17. Research on China’s Carbon Emission Efficiency and Its Regional Differences. (2022). Zhao, Xiaochun ; Sun, Qun ; Xu, Huixin.
    In: Sustainability.
    RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:15:p:9731-:d:882658.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

18. The Analysis of Carbon Emission’s Characteristics and Dynamic Evolution Based on the Strategy of Unbalanced Regional Economic Development in China. (2022). Liang, Zijing ; Bai, Xiang ; Guo, Quan ; Lv, Mengnan ; Zhang, Anying.
    In: Sustainability.
    RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:14:p:8417-:d:859138.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

19. Can the Digital Economy Facilitate Carbon Emissions Decoupling? An Empirical Study Based on Provincial Data in China. (2022). Li, Tinghui ; Zhong, Kaiming ; Fu, Hongyan.
    In: IJERPH.
    RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:11:p:6800-:d:830263.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

20. Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) as catalyst for the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SGDs) at the local level in Africa. (2022). Diop, Samba ; Asongu, Simplice.
    In: Working Papers.
    RePEc:exs:wpaper:22/084.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

21. Digital Divide, Globalization and Income Inequality in sub-Saharan African countries: Analysing cross-country heterogeneity. (2022). Ndoya, Hermann ; Asongu, Simplice.
    In: Working Papers.
    RePEc:exs:wpaper:22/064.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

22. Can Information and Communication Technology and Institutional Quality help mitigate climate change in E7 economies? An Environmental Kuznets Curve extension. (2022). Bekun, Festus ; Asongu, Simplice ; Gyamfi, Bright A ; Ampomah, Asiedu B.
    In: Working Papers.
    RePEc:exs:wpaper:22/052.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

23. ICT for sustainable development: Global comparative evidence of globalisation thresholds. (2022). Nchofoung, Tii ; Asongu, Simplice.
    In: Telecommunications Policy.
    RePEc:eee:telpol:v:46:y:2022:i:5:s0308596121002007.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

24. Can technological innovation, foreign direct investment and natural resources ease some burden for the BRICS economies within current industrial era?. (2022). Bekun, Festus ; Agozie, Divine Q ; Gyamfi, Bright Akwasi.
    In: Technology in Society.
    RePEc:eee:teinso:v:70:y:2022:i:c:s0160791x22001786.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

25. The nexus between digital economy and carbon dioxide emissions in China: The moderating role of investments in research and development. (2022). Khan, Zeeshan ; Ma, Qiang ; Tariq, Muhammad ; Mahmood, Haider.
    In: Technology in Society.
    RePEc:eee:teinso:v:68:y:2022:i:c:s0160791x22000513.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

26. Spatial spillovers and threshold effects of internet development and entrepreneurship on green innovation efficiency in China. (2022). Irfan, Muhammad ; Fang, Zhen ; Mohsin, Muhammad ; Razzaq, Asif.
    In: Technology in Society.
    RePEc:eee:teinso:v:68:y:2022:i:c:s0160791x21003195.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

27. Do the shocks in technological and financial innovation influence the environmental quality? Evidence from BRICS economies. (2022). Sinha, Avik ; Chishti, Muhammad Zubair.
    In: Technology in Society.
    RePEc:eee:teinso:v:68:y:2022:i:c:s0160791x21003031.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

28. Do climate technology, financialization, and sustainable finance impede environmental challenges? Evidence from G10 economies. (2022). Sharif, Arshian ; Yu, Yangyu ; Li, Qingtao ; Razzaq, Asif.
    In: Technological Forecasting and Social Change.
    RePEc:eee:tefoso:v:185:y:2022:i:c:s0040162522006163.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

29. How do ICT and renewable energy impact sustainable development?. (2022). TAGHIZADEH-HESARY, Farhad ; Chang, Lei ; Saydaliev, Hayot Berk.
    In: Renewable Energy.
    RePEc:eee:renene:v:199:y:2022:i:c:p:123-131.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

30. How financial development and digital trade affect ecological sustainability: The role of renewable energy using an advanced panel in G-7 Countries. (2022). Song, Xueqian ; Zhang, Xudong ; Lu, Jianguang ; Liu, Fei.
    In: Renewable Energy.
    RePEc:eee:renene:v:199:y:2022:i:c:p:1005-1015.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

31. Do green technology innovations, financial development, and renewable energy use help to curb carbon emissions?. (2022). Habiba, Umm E ; Xinbang, Cao ; Anwar, Ahsan.
    In: Renewable Energy.
    RePEc:eee:renene:v:193:y:2022:i:c:p:1082-1093.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

32. Asymmetric role of renewable energy, green innovation, and globalization in deriving environmental sustainability: Evidence from top-10 polluted countries. (2022). Sun, Yunpeng ; Liang, Xueping ; Siddique, Muhammad ; Razzaq, Asif ; Anwar, Ahsan.
    In: Renewable Energy.
    RePEc:eee:renene:v:185:y:2022:i:c:p:280-290.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

33. Renewable energy transition and environmental sustainability through economic complexity in BRICS countries: Fresh insights from novel Method of Moments Quantile regression. (2022). Sun, Yunpeng ; Siao-Yun, Wei ; Bao, Qun ; Ul, Misbah ; Razzaq, Asif.
    In: Renewable Energy.
    RePEc:eee:renene:v:184:y:2022:i:c:p:1165-1176.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

34. The paradigms of technological innovation and renewables as a panacea for sustainable development: A pathway of going green. (2022). Sharif, Arshian ; Meo, Muhammad ; Afshan, Sahar ; Suki, Norbayah Mohd.
    In: Renewable Energy.
    RePEc:eee:renene:v:181:y:2022:i:c:p:1431-1439.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

35. Asymmetric impacts of natural resources on ecological footprints: Exploring the role of economic growth, FDI and renewable energy in G-11 countries. (2022). Sun, Yunpeng ; Yang, Xiaodong ; Guan, Weimin ; Mehmood, Usman.
    In: Resources Policy.
    RePEc:eee:jrpoli:v:79:y:2022:i:c:s030142072200469x.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

36. Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) as catalyst for the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SGDs) at the local level in Africa. (2022). Diop, Samba ; Asongu, Simplice.
    In: Working Papers of the African Governance and Development Institute..
    RePEc:agd:wpaper:22/084.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

37. Digital Divide, Globalization and Income Inequality in sub-Saharan African countries: Analysing cross-country heterogeneity. (2022). Ndoya, Hermann ; Asongu, Simplice.
    In: Working Papers of the African Governance and Development Institute..
    RePEc:agd:wpaper:22/064.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

38. Can Information and Communication Technology and Institutional Quality help mitigate climate change in E7 economies? An Environmental Kuznets Curve extension. (2022). Bekun, Festus ; Asongu, Simplice ; Gyamfi, Bright A ; Ampomah, Asiedu B.
    In: Working Papers of the African Governance and Development Institute..
    RePEc:agd:wpaper:22/052.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

39. Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) as catalyst for the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SGDs) at the local level in Africa. (2022). Diop, Samba ; Asongu, Simplice.
    In: Working Papers of The Association for Promoting Women in Research and Development in Africa (ASPROWORDA)..
    RePEc:aak:wpaper:22/019.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

40. The effects of trade, foreign direct investment, and economic growth on environmental quality and overshoot: a dynamic common correlation effects approach. (2021). dinga, gildas ; Bruno, Ongo Nkoa ; Fonchamnyo, Dobdinga Cletus.
    In: SN Business & Economics.
    RePEc:spr:snbeco:v:1:y:2021:i:10:d:10.1007_s43546-021-00147-5.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

41. Do the shocks in technological and financial innovation influence the environmental quality? Evidence from BRICS economies. (2021). Sinha, Avik ; Chishti, Muhammad Zubair.
    In: MPRA Paper.
    RePEc:pra:mprapa:110943.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

42. ICT for Sustainable Development: Global Comparative Evidence of Globalisation Thresholds. (2021). Nchofoung, Tii ; Asongu, Simplice.
    In: MPRA Paper.
    RePEc:pra:mprapa:110754.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

43. Green Technology Innovation, Globalization, and CO 2 Emissions: Recent Insights from the OBOR Economies. (2021). Jahanger, Atif ; Li, Xiaoping ; Sharma, Ridhima ; Zhu, Nanli ; Bilal, Ahmer.
    In: Sustainability.
    RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2021:i:1:p:236-:d:711741.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

44. Linking Green Human Resource Practices and Environmental Economics Performance: The Role of Green Economic Organizational Culture and Green Psychological Climate. (2021). Adebayo, Tomiwa ; Ahmed, Zahoor ; Jiang, Yang ; Ali, Syed Mehmood ; Ullah, Irfan ; Wu, Hao.
    In: IJERPH.
    RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:20:p:10953-:d:659117.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

45. Do innovation in environmental-related technologies cyclically and asymmetrically affect environmental sustainability in BRICS nations?. (2021). Ahmad, Manzoor ; Zheng, Jianghuai.
    In: Technology in Society.
    RePEc:eee:teinso:v:67:y:2021:i:c:s0160791x21002219.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

46. Does ICT have symmetric or asymmetric effects on CO2 emissions? Evidence from selected Asian economies. (2021). Ozturk, Ilhan ; Ullah, Sana ; Hassan, Ali ; Usman, Ahmed.
    In: Technology in Society.
    RePEc:eee:teinso:v:67:y:2021:i:c:s0160791x21001676.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

47. The composite impact of ICT industry on lowering carbon intensity: From the perspective of regional heterogeneity. (2021). Sun, Hongye ; Kim, Giseung.
    In: Technology in Society.
    RePEc:eee:teinso:v:66:y:2021:i:c:s0160791x21001366.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

48. Asymmetric inter-linkages between green technology innovation and consumption-based carbon emissions in BRICS countries using quantile-on-quantile framework. (2021). Wang, Yufeng ; Suksatan, Wanich ; Chupradit, Supat ; Shahzad, Farrukh ; Razzaq, Asif.
    In: Technology in Society.
    RePEc:eee:teinso:v:66:y:2021:i:c:s0160791x21001317.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

49. ICT for Sustainable Development: Global Comparative Evidence of Globalisation Thresholds. (2021). Nchofoung, Tii ; Asongu, Simplice.
    In: Working Papers of the African Governance and Development Institute..
    RePEc:agd:wpaper:21/061.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

50. ICT for Sustainable Development: Global Comparative Evidence of Globalisation Thresholds. (2021). Nchofoung, Tii ; Asongu, Simplice.
    In: Research Africa Network Working Papers.
    RePEc:abh:wpaper:21/061.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

Report date: 2025-09-30 01:28:15 || Missing content? Let us know