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- Figure 4. COVID-19 new cases by occurrence of massacres Lockdown start Smooth lift measures Total lift lockdown 0 10 20 30 40 New covid-19 cases per 100.000 Inhabitants 04/01/2020 07/01/2020 10/01/2020 01/01/2021 04/01/2021 07/01/2021 Date With massacres No massacres A. Small Provinces Lockdown start Smooth lift measures Total lift lockdown 0 20 40 60 80 New covid-19 cases per 100.000 Inhabitants 04/01/2020 07/01/2020 10/01/2020 01/01/2021 04/01/2021 07/01/2021 Date With massacres No massacres B. Big Provinces Notes: This graph shows the evolution of new cases in our sample (provinces with low coca suitability) by province size. We define small provinces if the total population is below the 75th percentile of population distribution in the sample. We show 15 days mobile average in new COVID-19 cases per 100.000 inhabitants.
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- PRETENDING TO BE THE LAW 26 8. Figures and Tables Figure 1. Massacres and victims evolution Total lift lockdown 5 10 15 20 25 30 Number of massacres 2018-1 2018-2 2018-3 2018-4 2019-1 2019-2 2019-3 2019-4 2020-1 2020-2 2020-3 2020-4 2021-1 2021-2 2021-3 2021-4 2022-1 2022-2 2022-3 A. Total massacres Total lift lockdown 0 50 100 150 Number of massacres 2018-1 2018-2 2018-3 2018-4 2019-1 2019-2 2019-3 2019-4 2020-1 2020-2 2020-3 2020-4 2021-1 2021-2 2021-3 2021-4 2022-1 2022-2 2022-3 B. Total victims Notes: This graph shows the quarterly evolution of massacres between the first quarter of 2018 and the third quarter of 2022. Panel A shows the massacres, while Panel B shows the total number of civilians killed in those events.
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- PRETENDING TO BE THE LAW 28 Figure 5. Spatial distribution of massacres and COVID-19 per 100.000 inhabitants No massacres 1 massacre 2 and 3 massacres More than 3 massacres 341 − 2349 2349 − 3581 3581 − 4918 4918 − 7943 7943 − 13832 Notes: The map on the left presents the spatial distribution of massacres from March 24 th 2020 to March 31 st 2021. Shaded regions represent places with high coca suitability.
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- PRETENDING TO BE THE LAW ii Figure A.III. Massacres and victims evolution by coca suitability Total lift lockdown 0 10 20 30 Number of massacres 2018-1 2018-2 2018-3 2018-4 2019-1 2019-2 2019-3 2019-4 2020-1 2020-2 2020-3 2020-4 2021-1 2021-2 2021-3 2021-4 2022-1 2022-2 2022-3 High coca suitability Low coca suitability A. Total massacres Total lift lockdown 0 20 40 60 80 100 Number of massacres 2018-1 2018-2 2018-3 2018-4 2019-1 2019-2 2019-3 2019-4 2020-1 2020-2 2020-3 2020-4 2021-1 2021-2 2021-3 2021-4 2022-1 2022-2 2022-3 High coca suitability Low coca suitability B. Total victims Notes: This graph shows the quarterly evolution of massacres between January 1st 2020 and September 30th 2022 according if the massacre occurred in a municipality with high coca suitability. Panel A shows the massacres, while Panel B shows the total number of civilians killed in those events.
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- Source: ACLED (Raleigh et al., 2010) Figure A.IV. Massacres and victims evolution by PNIS status Total lift lockdown 0 10 20 30 Number of massacres 2018-1 2018-2 2018-3 2018-4 2019-1 2019-2 2019-3 2019-4 2020-1 2020-2 2020-3 2020-4 2021-1 2021-2 2021-3 2021-4 2022-1 2022-2 2022-3 PNIS Municipalities No PNIS A. Total massacres Total lift lockdown 0 20 40 60 80 100 Number of massacres 2018-1 2018-2 2018-3 2018-4 2019-1 2019-2 2019-3 2019-4 2020-1 2020-2 2020-3 2020-4 2021-1 2021-2 2021-3 2021-4 2022-1 2022-2 2022-3 PNIS Municipalities No PNIS B. Total victims Notes: This graph shows the quarterly evolution of massacres between January 1st 2020 and September 30th 2022 according if the massacre occurred in PNIS municipality. Panel A shows the massacres, while Panel B shows the total number of civilians killed in those events.
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- Source: ACLED (Raleigh et al., 2010) PRETENDING TO BE THE LAW 27 Figure 3. Community mobility at workplaces by occurrence of massacres Lockdown start Smooth lift measures Total lift lockdown -80 -60 -40 -20 0
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