Composer
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El documento describe las funcionalidades básicas de Composer, una herramienta para gestionar dependencias en PHP. Composer permite definir las librerías de las que depende un proyecto y instalarlas automáticamente. También cubre temas como crear paquetes, autoloading, scripts, instaladores y opciones avanzadas como branch aliases y repositorios privados.
![Instalación
$ php composer.phar
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/ /___/ /_/ / / / / / / /_/ / /_/ (__ ) __/ /
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Composer version 3da05c68f9561fa822c522b1815435ff990493ff 2013-10-02 14:25:06
Usage:
[options] command [arguments]
Available commands:
init
Creates a basic composer.json file in current directory.
install
Installs the project dependencies from the composer.lock file...
require
Adds required packages to your composer.json and installs them
search
Search for packages
self-update
Updates composer.phar to the latest version.
show
Show information about packages
status
Show a list of locally modified packages
update
Updates your dependencies to the latest version according to...
validate
Validates a composer.json
11](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/composer-131130114118-phpapp01/85/Composer-11-320.jpg)
![VCS: git, svn, hg…
{
"repositories": [
{
"type": "vcs",
"url": "https://github.com/symfony/Yaml"
}
],
"require": {
"symfony/yaml": "2.3.*"
}
}
26](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/composer-131130114118-phpapp01/85/Composer-26-320.jpg)
![PEAR
{
"repositories": [
{
"type": "pear",
"url": "http://pear2.php.net"
}
],
"require": {
"pear-pear2.php.net/PEAR2_Text_Markdown": "*",
"pear-pear2/PEAR2_HTTP_Request": "*"
}
}
27](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/composer-131130114118-phpapp01/85/Composer-27-320.jpg)
![Repositorios sin composer.json
{
"repositories": [
{
"type": "package",
"package": {
"name": "smarty/smarty",
"version": "3.1.7",
"dist": {
"url": "http://www.smarty.net/files/Smarty-3.1.7.zip",
"type": "zip"
},
"source": {
"url": "http://smarty-php.googlecode.com/svn/",
"type": "svn",
"reference": "tags/Smarty_3_1_7/distribution/"
},
"autoload": {
"classmap": ["libs/"]
}
}
}
],
"require": {
"smarty/smarty": "3.1.*"
}
28
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/composer-131130114118-phpapp01/85/Composer-28-320.jpg)
![Creando un paquete
{
}
"name": "trovit/foo",
"description": "Super cool library for foo stuff",
"homepage": "http://foo.trovit.es",
"license": "MIT",
"authors": [
{ "name": "Trovit backend team", "email": "backend@trovit.es"}
],
"autoload": {
"psr-0": { "TrovitFoo": "src/" }
},
"require": {
"php": ">=5.3.2",
"ext-curl": "*",
"symfony/console": "2.3.~"
}
30](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/composer-131130114118-phpapp01/85/Composer-30-320.jpg)
![Creando un paquete: Autoloading
01. "autoload": {
02.
"classmap": ["src/", "lib/"]
03. }
33](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/composer-131130114118-phpapp01/85/Composer-33-320.jpg)
![Creando un paquete: Autoloading
01. "autoload": {
02.
"files": ["src/Trovit/functions.php"]
03. }
34](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/composer-131130114118-phpapp01/85/Composer-34-320.jpg)
![Scripts
{
"scripts": {
"post-install-cmd": [
"MyNamescapeScriptHandler::buildBootstrap"
],
"post-update-cmd": [
"rm -rf app/cache/*"
]
}
}
37](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/composer-131130114118-phpapp01/85/Composer-37-320.jpg)
![Trabajando con forks
{
"repositories": [
{
"type": "vcs",
"url": "https://github.com/adanlobato/Yaml"
}
],
"require": {
"symfony/yaml": "dev-hotfix"
}
}
44](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/composer-131130114118-phpapp01/85/Composer-44-320.jpg)
![Trabajando con forks
{
"repositories": [
{
"type": "vcs",
"url": "https://github.com/adanlobato/Yaml"
}
],
"require": {
"symfony/yaml": "dev-hotfix as 1.0.x-dev"
}
}
45](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/composer-131130114118-phpapp01/85/Composer-45-320.jpg)
![Repositorios privados: Satis
// config.json
{
"name": "Trovit Repository",
"homepage": "http://packages.trovit.es",
"require-all": true,
"repositories": [
{
"type": "git",
"url": "https://github.com/trovit/super-cool-library"
}
]
}
50](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/composer-131130114118-phpapp01/85/Composer-50-320.jpg)
Composer
- 2. What’s up! • Soy Adán Lobato • Soy de Barcelona • Soy software developer • Trabajo en SocialPoint • Mi twitter es @adanlobato ¡Interrumpidme cuando queráis! 2
- 3. Agenda • Composer Basics • Mastering Composer • Bottlenecks • Enlaces de interés • ¿Preguntas? 3
- 5. ¿Qué es Composer? Es una herramienta que nos permite definir cuáles son las librerías de las que depende nuestro proyecto y las instala por nosotros. Jordi Boggiano (@seldaek) 5
- 6. ¿Es un concepto nuevo? • En python existe pip • En javascript existe npm • En ruby existe bundler • En php existe… ¿ PEAR / Pyrus ? 6
- 7. 7
- 8. ¿Alternativas en PHP? PEAR Pyrus Composer Instalación Global Global/Local Global*/Local Package types Dist Dist Dist/Source PEAR support Yes Yes Yes VCS support No No Yes (*) Only CLI applications 8
- 9. Instalación
- 11. Instalación $ php composer.phar ______ / ____/___ ____ ___ ____ ____ ________ _____ / / / __ / __ `__ / __ / __ / ___/ _ / ___/ / /___/ /_/ / / / / / / /_/ / /_/ (__ ) __/ / ____/____/_/ /_/ /_/ .___/____/____/___/_/ /_/ Composer version 3da05c68f9561fa822c522b1815435ff990493ff 2013-10-02 14:25:06 Usage: [options] command [arguments] Available commands: init Creates a basic composer.json file in current directory. install Installs the project dependencies from the composer.lock file... require Adds required packages to your composer.json and installs them search Search for packages self-update Updates composer.phar to the latest version. show Show information about packages status Show a list of locally modified packages update Updates your dependencies to the latest version according to... validate Validates a composer.json 11
- 12. Instalación 01. $ sudo mv composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer 02. $ sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin 03. $ sudo composer self-update 12
- 13. Primeros pasos
- 14. Instalando dependencias $ composer require twig/twig 14 "1.*"
- 19. Analizando el resultado $ tree -L 3 ├── composer.json ├── composer.lock └── vendor ├── autoload.php ├── composer │ ├── ClassLoader.php │ ├── autoload_classmap.php │ ├── autoload_namespaces.php │ ├── autoload_real.php │ └── installed.json └── twig └── twig 19
- 20. composer.json 01. { 02. "require": { 03. 04. "twig/twig" : "1.*" } 05. } 20
- 21. composer.lock • Si existe, reemplaza a composer.json • Congela nuestras dependencias a una versión concreta • Permite que todo el equipo trabaje/testee sobre las mismas versiones • Imprescindible para deployments • Debe estar commiteado en el VCS de nuestro proyecto • Para actualizarlo: composer update 21
- 22. Autoloading 01. <?php 02. require_once __DIR__.'/vendor/autoload.php'; 03. 04. 05. 06. 07. // Your code 22
- 23. Autoloading 01. <?php 02. $loader = require_once __DIR__.'/vendor/autoload.php'; 03. $loader->add('MyNamespace', array('src')); 04. $loader->add('My_Namespace', array('src', 'lib')); 05. $loader->addClassmap($classmap); 06. 07. // Your code 23
- 24. Repositorios
- 25. Packagist • Repositorio central de paquetes de Composer • Actúa como proxy entre los repositorios VCS y los usuarios de Composer • Puede almacenar cualquier tipo de librería PHP: components, bundles, plugins, módulos… • Todo proyecto Open Source debería estar en Packagist • Buen lugar dónde encontrar librerías para tu aplicación 25
- 26. VCS: git, svn, hg… { "repositories": [ { "type": "vcs", "url": "https://github.com/symfony/Yaml" } ], "require": { "symfony/yaml": "2.3.*" } } 26
- 27. PEAR { "repositories": [ { "type": "pear", "url": "http://pear2.php.net" } ], "require": { "pear-pear2.php.net/PEAR2_Text_Markdown": "*", "pear-pear2/PEAR2_HTTP_Request": "*" } } 27
- 28. Repositorios sin composer.json { "repositories": [ { "type": "package", "package": { "name": "smarty/smarty", "version": "3.1.7", "dist": { "url": "http://www.smarty.net/files/Smarty-3.1.7.zip", "type": "zip" }, "source": { "url": "http://smarty-php.googlecode.com/svn/", "type": "svn", "reference": "tags/Smarty_3_1_7/distribution/" }, "autoload": { "classmap": ["libs/"] } } } ], "require": { "smarty/smarty": "3.1.*" } 28 }
- 30. Creando un paquete { } "name": "trovit/foo", "description": "Super cool library for foo stuff", "homepage": "http://foo.trovit.es", "license": "MIT", "authors": [ { "name": "Trovit backend team", "email": "backend@trovit.es"} ], "autoload": { "psr-0": { "TrovitFoo": "src/" } }, "require": { "php": ">=5.3.2", "ext-curl": "*", "symfony/console": "2.3.~" } 30
- 31. Creando un paquete: Autoloading 01. "autoload": { 02. "psr-0": { 03. 04. "TrovitFoo": "src/" } 05. } 31
- 32. Creando un paquete: Autoloading 01. "autoload": { 02. "psr-0": { 03. 04. "Trovit_": "src/" } 05. } 32
- 33. Creando un paquete: Autoloading 01. "autoload": { 02. "classmap": ["src/", "lib/"] 03. } 33
- 34. Creando un paquete: Autoloading 01. "autoload": { 02. "files": ["src/Trovit/functions.php"] 03. } 34
- 35. Scripts
- 36. Scripts Permiten ejecutar acciones ante determinados eventos de Composer. • pre|post-install-cmd • pre|post-update-cmd • pre|post-package-install • pre|post-package-update 36
- 37. Scripts { "scripts": { "post-install-cmd": [ "MyNamescapeScriptHandler::buildBootstrap" ], "post-update-cmd": [ "rm -rf app/cache/*" ] } } 37
- 38. Instaladores
- 39. Instaladores oficiales • Wordpress • Drupal • CakePHP • CodeIgniter • Laravel • ¡Y muchos más! http://github.com/composer/installers 39
- 40. Instaladores propios http://getcomposer.org/doc/articles/custom-installers.md 40
- 43. Branch aliases 01. "extra": { 02. "branch-alias": { 03. 04. "dev-master": "1.0.x-dev" } 05. } 43
- 44. Trabajando con forks { "repositories": [ { "type": "vcs", "url": "https://github.com/adanlobato/Yaml" } ], "require": { "symfony/yaml": "dev-hotfix" } } 44
- 45. Trabajando con forks { "repositories": [ { "type": "vcs", "url": "https://github.com/adanlobato/Yaml" } ], "require": { "symfony/yaml": "dev-hotfix as 1.0.x-dev" } } 45
- 46. Minimum stability { "minimum-stability": "stable", "require": { "symfony/config": "2.3", "symfony/yaml": "2.3.*@dev", "symfony/console": "2.3.*@beta" } } 46
- 47. Autoloading optimizado $ composer dump-autoload --optimize 47
- 48. Repositorios privados: Satis • Es una versión reducida de Packagist • Se instala y se configura muy rápido • Es ideal para repositorios privados 48
- 49. Repositorios privados: Satis $ composer create-project composer/satis 49
- 50. Repositorios privados: Satis // config.json { "name": "Trovit Repository", "homepage": "http://packages.trovit.es", "require-all": true, "repositories": [ { "type": "git", "url": "https://github.com/trovit/super-cool-library" } ] } 50
- 51. Repositorios privados: Satis $ php bin/satis build config.json web/ 51
- 52. Repositorios privados: Satis Para protegerlo del exterior: • Basic HTTP Authentication • SSH • Red privada 52
- 53. Repositorios privados: Packagist • Packagist es Open Source • Puedes instalarte tu propio packagist • Soporta Github Webhooks 53
- 54. Bottlenecks
- 55. Bottlenecks • Dependency Solver • Github • Github post-receive hooks • Repositorios privados 55
- 56. Enlaces de interés • getcomposer.org • packagist.org • github.com/composer 56
- 57. ¿Preguntas?