Ethernet Frames: The Unsung Heroes of Your Network

🌐 OSI Model vs TCP/IP Model – Networking Basics OSI Model: 7 layers → Application, Presentation, Session, Transport, Network, Data Link, Physical. TCP/IP Model: 4 layers → Application, Transport, Internet, Network Access. Key difference: OSI is a theoretical framework for understanding how networks work. TCP/IP is the practical model used in real networks today. Think of OSI as the blueprint and TCP/IP as the actual building.

🚀 TCP vs. UDP: The Handshake That Makes All the Difference 🤝 When devices communicate over the internet, they rely on two key transport protocols: TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and UDP (User Datagram Protocol). While both get your data from point A to point B, they do it in very different ways—with trade-offs that matter depending on the use case. Here’s a quick breakdown to help you understand when to use which:

Think throwing more bandwidth at your network issues will help? Not always. Problems like latency, jitter, and packet loss can ruin performance, even with tons of bandwidth. Allyn Crowe from our MistFits community is here to clear things up

📦 TCP or UDP — which one should you use? In this video, we explain the Transport Layer of the TCP/IP model and break down the key differences between TCP and UDP with real-world use cases.

Wrapped up Chapter 6: Ethernet LAN Switching in my CCNA studies, and it’s wild how much is happening inside what looks like a simple Ethernet frame. ● Ethernet frames have structure: ○ Destination & Source MAC (6 bytes each, written in hexadecimal — base-16 using 0–9 and A–F) ○ Type/Length field (payload size or EtherType, like 0x0800 for IPv4) ○ Payload (the actual data, padded if too small) ○ Frame Check Sequence (CRC error check) ○ Minimum: 64 bytes. Maximum: 1518 bytes ● Switches + MAC tables: ○ Known unicast → forwarded straight out the correct port ○ Unknown unicast → flooded everywhere except the incoming port (“somebody must know this guy”) ○ Broadcast → sent to all hosts in the LAN ● MAC table behavior: ○ Learns dynamically by watching incoming frames ○ Ages out unused entries after a few minutes ○ Acts like the switch’s memory of who’s plugged in where ● Hexadecimal everywhere: ○ Two hex digits = one byte (8 bits) ○ That’s why MAC addresses always show up as 12 hex characters ○ Hex keeps Ethernet addressing compact and binary-friendly Next stop: Wireshark and ARP — time to see those broadcasts and floods in action instead of just reading about them. #CCNA #Networking #Ethernet #Hexadecimal #LearningInPublic

Love the package delivery analogy for explaining UDP and TCP! However, I think the UDP guy's actions could better illustrate the connectionless nature of UDP. Instead of kicking the package, why not have him simply throw it from a distance without waiting for confirmation? This would show how UDP prioritizes speed over reliability.

Networking topic: - Difference between the TCP/IP model and the OSI model 1. The TCP/IP model is a more practical, real-world protocol stack, used to power the Internet today. It has 4 layers, and includes actual protocols like TCP, IP, HTTP, FTP, etc. 2. The OSI model, on the other hand, is a theoretical model with 7 layers. It’s mainly used for understanding and designing network systems

The TCP/IP model powers the internet — and every developer should know it. This video makes the layers and protocols crystal clear, even if you’re just starting out.

🚀 Excited to share my notes on Rapid Spanning-Tree Protocol (RSTP) and EtherChannel! 🌐 In modern networks, redundancy is vital for reliability, but it can also create risks such as bridging loops, leading to bandwidth wastage, MAC table instability, and even switch failures. To overcome these issues, the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) was developed. This guide highlights how Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) ensures fast loop prevention and how EtherChannel enhances redundancy and bandwidth efficiency, supported with Cisco Packet Tracer examples, diagrams, and commands. 🔹 Key highlights: ▸ Bridging loops → Cause MAC instability, bandwidth waste, CPU overload. ▸ RSTP basics → IEEE 802.1w, fast convergence, loop prevention. ▸ Root Bridge election → Bridge ID = Priority + VLAN ID + MAC. ▸ Port roles → Root, Designated, Alternate/Backup, Edge. ▸ Election rules → Lowest path cost → BID → Port ID. ▸ Configuration → Rapid-PVST+, PortFast, VLAN priorities. ▸ Load balancing → Per-VLAN root or port cost/priority. ▸ Synchronization → Proposal–Agreement for quick convergence. ▸ Timers/changes → Hello 2s, Forward Delay 15s, Max Age 20s. ▸ EtherChannel → Bundles links, boosts redundancy & bandwidth. 📥 Download the PDF and level up your networking skills! #Networking #Cisco #RSTP #SpanningTree #EtherChannel #ITProfessional #TechTips

❓ What is the difference between Layer 2+ and Layer 3 switches? Understanding the differences between layer 2+ and layer 3 switches is crucial when building a network. Let's break it down: Layer 2+ switch (data link layer): Run at the MAC address level. Mainly used for forwarding frames within a local area network (LAN). Does not support routing between different networks. Layer 3 switch (network layer): By using IP addresses, routing can be performed between different networks, such as routers. Usually used for handling inter VLAN routing and directing traffic between subnets in large networks. https://lnkd.in/g4rXHuB9 https://lnkd.in/gfdHg5rB