Heuristic Evaluation In UX

⏱️ How To Measure UX (https://lnkd.in/e5ueDtZY), a practical guide on how to use UX benchmarking, SUS, SUPR-Q, UMUX-LITE, CES to eliminate bias and gather statistically reliable results — with useful templates and resources. By Roman Videnov. Measuring UX is mostly about showing cause and effect. Of course, management wants to do more of what has already worked — and it typically wants to see ROI > 5%. But the return is more than just increased revenue. It’s also reduced costs, expenses and mitigated risk. And UX is an incredibly affordable yet impactful way to achieve it. Good design decisions are intentional. They aren’t guesses or personal preferences. They are deliberate and measurable. Over the last years, I’ve been setting ups design KPIs in teams to inform and guide design decisions (fully explained in videos → https://measure-ux.com). Here are some examples: 1. Top tasks success > 80% (for critical tasks) 2. Time to complete top tasks < Xs (for critical tasks) 3. Time to first success < 90s (for onboarding) 4. Time to candidates < 120s (nav + filtering in eCommerce) 5. Time to top candidate < 120s (for feature comparison) 6. Time to hit the limit of a free tier < 7d (for upgrades) 7. Presets/templates usage > 80% per user (to boost efficiency) 8. Filters used per session > 5 per user (quality of filtering) 9. Feature adoption rate > 30% (usage of a new feature per user) 10. Feature retention rate > 40% (after 90 days) 11. Time to pricing quote < 2 weeks (for B2B systems) 12. Application processing time < 2 weeks (online banking) 13. Default settings correction < 10% (quality of defaults) 14. Relevance of top 100 search requests > 80% (for top 5 results) 15. Service desk inquiries < 35/week (poor design → more inquiries) 16. Form input accuracy ≈ 100% (user input in forms) 17. Frequency of errors < 3/visit (mistaps, double-clicks) 18. Password recovery frequency < 5% per user (for auth) 19. Fake email addresses < 5% (newsletters) 20. Helpdesk follow-up rate < 4% (quality of service desk replies) 21. “Turn-around” score < 1 week (frustrated users -> happy users) 22. Environmental impact < 0.3g/page request (sustainability) 23. Frustration score < 10% (AUS + SUS/SUPR-Q) 24. System Usability Scale > 75 (usability) 25. Accessible Usability Scale (AUS) > 75 (accessibility) 26. Core Web Vitals ≈ 100% (performance) Each team works with 3–4 design KPIs that reflect the impact of their work. Search team works with search quality score, onboarding team works with time to success, authentication team works with password recovery rate. What gets measured, gets better. And it gives you the data you need to monitor and visualize the impact of your design work. Once it becomes a second nature of your process, not only will you have an easier time for getting buy-in, but also build enough trust to boost UX in a company with low UX maturity. [Useful tools in comments ↓]

Clean code is nice. But scalable architecture? That’s what makes you irreplaceable. Early in my journey, I thought “writing clean code” was enough… Until systems scaled. Teams grew. Bugs multiplied. That’s when I discovered Design Patterns, and things started making sense. Here’s a simple breakdown that can save you hundreds of hours of confusion. 🔷 Creational Patterns: Master Object Creation These patterns handle how objects are created. Perfect when you want flexibility, reusability, and less tight coupling. 💡 Use these when: You want only one instance (Singleton) You need blueprints to build complex objects step-by-step (Builder) You want to switch object types at runtime (Factory, Abstract Factory) You want to duplicate existing objects efficiently (Prototype) 🔷 Structural Patterns: Organise the Chaos Think of this as the architecture layer. These patterns help you compose and structure code efficiently. 💡 Use these when: You’re bridging mismatched interfaces (Adapter) You want to wrap and enhance existing objects (Decorator) You need to simplify a complex system into one entry point (Facade) You’re building object trees (Composite) You want memory optimization (Flyweight) You want to control access and protection (Proxy, Bridge) 🔷 Behavioural Patterns: Handle Interactions & Responsibilities These deal with how objects interact and share responsibilities. It’s about communication, delegation, and dynamic behavior. 💡 Use these when: You want to notify multiple observers of changes (Observer) You’re navigating through collections (Iterator) You want to encapsulate operations or algorithms (Command, Strategy) You need undo/redo functionality (Memento) You need to manage state transitions (State) You’re passing tasks down a chain (Chain of Responsibility) 📌 Whether you're preparing for interviews or trying to scale your application, understanding these 3 categories is a must: 🔹 Creational → Creating Objects 🔹 Structural → Assembling Objects 🔹 Behavioral → Object Interaction & Responsibilities Mastering these gives you a mental map to write scalable, reusable, and testable code. It’s not about memorising them, it's about knowing when and why to use them. #softwareengineering #systemdesign #linkedintech #sde #connections #networking LinkedIn LinkedIn News India

The secret to a 3X boost in conversions? It starts with UX. Over the past 15 years, I've refined various strategies to optimise UX. Many people often focus on fancy designs and animations. But no one cares how fancy your brand looks. It's all about making every interaction easier. That's where UX comes in. Enhancing user experience: - Improves SEO - Lowers bounce rates - Increases conversions - Leaves a lasting impression Don’t underestimate small changes like tweaking navigation menus. These can massively boost your sales and conversions. And most importantly, Even small annoyances can drive users away. Don’t ignore the little things. To a user, these are deal breakers: - Fix broken redirects - Streamline navigation - Optimise heavy pages - Decrease loading times - Clean up cluttered layouts - Remove duplicate content - Eliminate auto-play media - Minimise excessive pop-ups - Add missing alt text to images - Repair links leading to 404 pages - Make contact info easily accessible - Make CTAs clear and action-oriented - Ensure the site is fully responsive on mobile - Simplify complex contact forms into multistep Regular UX audits are crucial. Always keep user experience in focus. What else would you add to this list? ------ If you enjoyed this, follow me. I share strategies to optimise your website's performance. Want my help? DM me.

Your research findings are useless if they don't drive decisions. After watching countless brilliant insights disappear into the void, I developed 5 practical templates I use to transform research into action: 1. Decision-Driven Journey Map Standard journey maps look nice but often collect dust. My Decision-Driven Journey Map directly connects user pain points to specific product decisions with clear ownership. Key components: - User journey stages with actions - Pain points with severity ratings (1-5) - Required product decisions for each pain - Decision owner assignment - Implementation timeline This structure creates immediate accountability and turns abstract user problems into concrete action items. 2. Stakeholder Belief Audit Workshop Many product decisions happen based on untested assumptions. This workshop template helps you document and systematically test stakeholder beliefs about users. The four-step process: - Document stakeholder beliefs + confidence level - Prioritize which beliefs to test (impact vs. confidence) - Select appropriate testing methods - Create an action plan with owners and timelines When stakeholders participate in this process, they're far more likely to act on the results. 3. Insight-Action Workshop Guide Research without decisions is just expensive trivia. This workshop template provides a structured 90-minute framework to turn insights into product decisions. Workshop flow: - Research recap (15min) - Insight mapping (15min) - Decision matrix (15min) - Action planning (30min) - Wrap-up and commitments (15min) The decision matrix helps prioritize actions based on user value and implementation effort, ensuring resources are allocated effectively. 4. Five-Minute Video Insights Stakeholders rarely read full research reports. These bite-sized video templates drive decisions better than documents by making insights impossible to ignore. Video structure: - 30 sec: Key finding - 3 min: Supporting user clips - 1 min: Implications - 30 sec: Recommended next steps Pro tip: Create a library of these videos organized by product area for easy reference during planning sessions. 5. Progressive Disclosure Testing Protocol Standard usability testing tries to cover too much. This protocol focuses on how users process information over time to reveal deeper UX issues. Testing phases: - First 5-second impression - Initial scanning behavior - First meaningful action - Information discovery pattern - Task completion approach This approach reveals how users actually build mental models of your product, leading to more impactful interface decisions. Stop letting your hard-earned research insights collect dust. I’m dropping the first 3 templates below, & I’d love to hear which decision-making hurdle is currently blocking your research from making an impact! (The data in the templates is just an example, let me know in the comments or message me if you’d like the blank versions).

Ever wonder why users abandon your product despite all those features you've worked so hard to build? #ux The culprit might be hiding in plain sight. I once worked with a startup that couldn’t figure out why their user retention was plummeting. They had a solid product, great features, and a strong value proposition. But after conducting a UX audit, we uncovered five critical mistakes that were silently driving users away. 🤔User psychology..... - minimize cognitive load by providing clear, easily accessible paths to different sections. Users don’t have to remember complex navigation structures (cognitive load) - localized content and personalized sections make users feel the app is tailored to their needs, increasing engagement (Motivation) - Visual Hierarchy and High contrast between text and background, along with consistent color usage, helps users quickly distinguish different sections and interactive elements (Attention and Perception) - A clean, visually appealing design creates a positive emotional response, making users more likely to spend time on the app and return frequently (Emotion) 1) Overwhelming users with options instead of guiding their journey 2) Hiding critical features behind unintuitive navigation 3) Prioritizing aesthetics over usability (that gorgeous but unreadable font isn't helping anyone) 4) Ignoring mobile users (still happening in 2025!) 5) Failing to validate designs with actual user testing The most expensive mistake? Assuming your users think like you do. 🎙️As Theodore Levitt famously said, "People don't want to buy a quarter-inch drill. They want a quarter-inch hole." Which of these mistakes have you seen the most? Let’s discuss! #ux Follow Sivaraman loganathan . Reshare to others

What separates good code from great code? It’s often the design. Mastering design patterns gives you the power to solve common problems with reusable, clean solutions that make your code efficient, maintainable, and easy to collaborate on. 💡Efficiency in Problem Solving Trial and error can waste precious time, especially when you’re dealing with common coding challenges. Design patterns offer proven solutions that cut down on guesswork and speed up development. Example: Without patterns: You might end up writing repetitive code to create objects, leading to duplication and hard-to-manage logic. With patterns: The Factory pattern allows you to create objects cleanly, without changing client code, and makes it easy to manage different types of products in a flexible, reusable way. 💡Understanding Object-Oriented Principles Better Design patterns aren’t just about solving problems, they’re also a deeper dive into the core principles of object-oriented programming like encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism. Mastering these patterns sharpens your understanding of these concepts. Example: The Strategy pattern uses polymorphism to allow a class to change its behavior at runtime. Instead of cluttering your code with conditionals, you can encapsulate behaviors in separate classes and switch them dynamically. By applying design patterns, you’ll enhance your ability to create cleaner, more maintainable systems based on solid object-oriented principles. 💡Making Code More Maintainable Design patterns are all about modularity and separation of concerns. These principles make your code easier to extend and maintain over time, ensuring you don’t have to constantly rewrite or refactor. Example: The Decorator pattern adds functionality to an object without altering its code, staying true to the Open/Closed Principle. It allows you to extend behavior without changing the core object, making future changes smoother. 💡Designing with Flexibility in Mind Design patterns promote loose coupling and high cohesion, which makes your systems easier to modify and scale, especially as they grow in complexity. Example: The Observer pattern allows objects to react to changes in other objects without being tightly coupled. When a subject changes, all observers are automatically notified without needing direct references to each other. This separation makes your system more flexible and scalable. You can add or remove components with minimal impact on the rest of the system. 💡Recognizing Reusable Solutions Design patterns provide a catalog of reusable solutions that help you solve recurring challenges more efficiently. Example: The Command pattern is used for implementing task scheduling or user actions in applications, where each action encapsulated as an object. This way you can queue, undo, or log actions without tightly coupling the logic to the user interface/main application flow. #software #tech #techblogs #designpatterns

Over the last few years, I’ve worked closely with students at all levels, and one issue comes up time and again. Many are asked to write a literature review without being given any real structure or strategy. They are told to read widely, but not how to do it effectively. This five-stage approach has helped even undergraduate students produce literature reviews that could easily hold their own at doctoral level. It has been tested in my teaching, research supervision, and academic writing workshops. Here is a brief overview: 1. Decide on the type of review Are you writing a narrative review, a systematic review, a scoping review, or something else? The type you choose will depend on the aims/objectives of your review 2. Develop the search strategy A well-defined search strategy is essential. That includes having a clear aim, selecting appropriate search terms, setting limits on publication date or geography, and knowing when to include or exclude studies. 3. Select your information sources Good reviews draw from a range of sources. This can include search engines like Google Scholar, databases like PubMed, Scopus and increasingly, AI tools. Each has its own strengths. 4. Extract your data Structure matters here. Using a consistent extraction form ensures reliability. Depending on your review type, critical appraisal may also be part of this step. 5. Synthesise your results This is where the review becomes more than a summary. Whether through a narrative synthesis or a meta-analysis, your job is to identify trends, highlight gaps, and offer insight. Two principles sit at the heart of the method: 1. Every decision must be justified. 2. Every step must be documented. This will be the focus of my next workshop in September. It is designed for those who are serious about producing high-quality reviews with confidence and clarity. Full details will be shared there soon. Save. Repost ♻️

💡How to run a design audit A design audit is a comprehensive evaluation of a product's user interface, functionality, and overall design. A design audit is like a magnifying glass for your product's visual and functional language. It helps you understand if your product design is rock-solid. A design audit isn't a nice-to-have; it's essential for any brand that wants to stay ahead of its competitors. Key components of design audit: ✔ Information architecture analysis. Good IA maximizes the chances that your content is organized in a way that's easy to navigate and makes sense. ✔ User flow analysis. Understand how users move through your product. Identify the bottlenecks and dead ends, and then smooth them out for an excellent UX. ✔ Visual design assessment. Review typography, colors, and icons to ensure they're easy on the eyes and consistent with your brand. ✔ Heuristic evaluation. Heuristic evaluation is a process of examining the usability and accessibility of a product using these principles. https://lnkd.in/dJSw2KyH ✔ Performance evaluation. Test your product's speed and responsiveness to ensure users don't have to wait while using your product.  ✔ Accessibility evaluation. Ensure everyone can use your product. Your product should follow guidelines like the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG). Practical tips for running a design audit:  ✔ Decide what you're auditing. Define the scope of your audit. Are you auditing a certain component, such as the sign-up form or the entire account creation flow? The scope of your audit should match with your goal.   ✔ Screenshot everything you come across during an audit and record videos of the most important user flows and processes. It will make it easier to reference design in your work and document it for others. ✔ Review everything you've captured to recognize patterns & identify inconsistencies. When looking closely at your design, you can notice that some elements with the same function are designed differently.  ✔ Document your findings. Even if you're not planning to share your findings with your team right away, it's worth starting documenting your findings as soon as possible. By doing that, you minimize the chances of missing important details. 📖 Guides: ✔ A guide to conducting a design audit (by Romina Kavcic)  https://lnkd.in/dDSb7tsf ✔ Auditing design systems for accessibility, slide deck (by Anna Cook, M.S.) https://lnkd.in/dX7jNMiw 🔨 Tools: ✔ Design audit template for Figma (by Shams)  https://lnkd.in/dUnFB_we ✔ Design audit template for Figma (by Romina Kavcic)  https://lnkd.in/d4u5gMBa 🖼 Visual design assessment by Shams #designsystem #designsystems #UI #uidesign #audit #visualdesign

𝐔𝐧𝐝𝐞𝐫𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐋𝐚𝐰𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝐔𝐈/𝐔𝐗 𝐃𝐞𝐬𝐢𝐠𝐧:𝐄𝐥𝐞𝐯𝐚𝐭𝐞 𝐘𝐨𝐮𝐫 𝐔𝐬𝐞𝐫 𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐞 Mastering UI/UX design requires more than just creativity; it involves understanding the principles that guide user behavior. Here are four fundamental laws that every designer should know: 1. 𝐇𝐢𝐜𝐤’𝐬 𝐋𝐚𝐰: Hick’s Law states that the time it takes for a user to make a decision increases with the number and complexity of choices available. The more options you present, the longer it will take for the user to decide. 𝐃𝐞𝐬𝐢𝐠𝐧 𝐓𝐢𝐩: Simplify navigation and reduce the number of choices to enhance decision-making and create a more intuitive user experience. 2. 𝐅𝐢𝐭𝐭𝐬’𝐬 𝐋𝐚𝐰: Fitts’s Law predicts that the time required to move to a target (like a button) is a function of the target’s size and distance. Larger, closer targets are easier to click or tap on. 𝐃𝐞𝐬𝐢𝐠𝐧 𝐓𝐢𝐩: Make interactive elements like buttons larger and position them strategically to reduce movement time, enhancing usability, especially on mobile devices. 3. 𝐌𝐢𝐥𝐥𝐞𝐫’𝐬 𝐋𝐚𝐰: According to Miller’s Law, the average person can hold about 7 (plus or minus 2) items in their working memory. This principle highlights the importance of not overwhelming users with too much information at once. 𝐃𝐞𝐬𝐢𝐠𝐧 𝐓𝐢𝐩: Break down content into manageable chunks, use clear headings, and group related information together to make your design more digestible. 4. 𝐏𝐞𝐚𝐤-𝐄𝐧𝐝 𝐑𝐮𝐥𝐞: The Peak-End Rule suggests that people judge an experience based on how they felt at its peak (the most intense point) and at its end, rather than the overall average. 𝐃𝐞𝐬𝐢𝐠𝐧 𝐓𝐢𝐩: Focus on creating memorable highlights within your user journey and ensure the experience ends on a positive note, such as a successful completion message or a delightful animation. 𝘙𝘦𝘮𝘦𝘮𝘣𝘦𝘳, 𝘨𝘳𝘦𝘢𝘵 𝘥𝘦𝘴𝘪𝘨𝘯 𝘪𝘴 𝘢𝘣𝘰𝘶𝘵 𝘮𝘢𝘬𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘤𝘰𝘮𝘱𝘭𝘦𝘹 𝘴𝘪𝘮𝘱𝘭𝘦 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘶𝘴𝘦𝘳 𝘫𝘰𝘶𝘳𝘯𝘦𝘺 𝘮𝘦𝘮𝘰𝘳𝘢𝘣𝘭𝘦. 𝘚𝘵𝘢𝘺 𝘤𝘶𝘳𝘪𝘰𝘶𝘴, 𝘬𝘦𝘦𝘱 𝘦𝘹𝘱𝘦𝘳𝘪𝘮𝘦𝘯𝘵𝘪𝘯𝘨, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘭𝘦𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘴𝘦 𝘱𝘳𝘪𝘯𝘤𝘪𝘱𝘭𝘦𝘴 𝘨𝘶𝘪𝘥𝘦 𝘺𝘰𝘶𝘳 𝘯𝘦𝘹𝘵 𝘥𝘦𝘴𝘪𝘨𝘯

8 coding design patterns explained using real-world analogies. (I also created a Leetcode style problem to implement each of these yourself - link at the end of this post). 𝐂𝐫𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐚𝐥 𝐏𝐚𝐭𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐧𝐬 1. Factory Method - Abstract away the details of constructing complex objects. - Restaurants - you just order and receive the prepared food 🥗 2. Builder - A simple interface for constructing complex objects, which also allows fine-grained control on how it’s constructed (unlike Factory). - Ordering food at Subway or Chipotle - you specify each ingredient but don’t have to make it yourself 🥪 3. Singleton - Enforce that at most one instance of a class may exist. - Countries usually have at most one government (and sometimes none) 🏛️ 𝐁𝐞𝐡𝐚𝐯𝐢𝐨𝐫𝐚𝐥 𝐏𝐚𝐭𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐧𝐬 1. Strategy - At runtime a strategy (algorithm) can be choosen & supplied to objects to modify their behavior. - Snapchat & Instagram filters let you choose which animal you want to look like 🐶 2. Observer - Objects (observers) can listen for changes to another object (Subject), and be notified whenever changes occur. - When you click the bell icon on my profile page 😉 you get a push notification whenever I post. 𝐒𝐭𝐫𝐮𝐜𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐚𝐥 𝐏𝐚𝐭𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐧𝐬 1. Adapter - Allow two otherwise incompatible objects to work together. - Macbooks only have USB-C ports, but using adapters they are compatible with other connectors like USB-A 💻 2. Decorator - Add or modify behavior of an object at runtime without changing it’s base type. - You can add sugar, cream, and more to coffee, but it’s still coffee ☕ 3. Facade - Encapsulate several complex actions behind a single simple interface. - Computers are a simple way for humans to interact with complex hardware components (RAM, disk, networks, etc) 🛜 --- 🚀 Implement each pattern yourself in Leetcode style practice problems: https://lnkd.in/gtc2BZEG #designpatterns #objectorientedprogramming #coding