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Development Frameworks and Methods Coursework (DFM CW)

A
Aung Hein Htet

This document discusses the high level requirements and prioritization for a new B2C baby food delivery system called NutrarlyNow. It begins by listing some inappropriate requirements that are actually low or medium level before identifying 10 appropriate high level requirements. These include web browsing, customer management, meals creation, shopping basket, payment management, order management, internal messaging, delivery system management, feedback, and help section. The requirements are then prioritized using MoSCoW (Must have, Should have, Could have, Won't have). Customer management and meals creation are deemed must-haves while shopping basket, payment management, and others are lower priority. Reasons for each priority level are provided.

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Development Frameworks and Methods Coursework (DFM CW)
Section A : Management Summary 3 ........................................................ A 1. Introduction 3.................................................................................................. A 2. Will DSDM be appropriate approach to develop this system? 4............... A 3. Why DSDM should be used analysing with its principles? 5...................... A 4. Consequences of using DSDM for this project 6........................................ Summary 7.............................................................................................................. Section B : High Level Requirement and Prioritisation 8 ........................... B 1. Listing High Level Requirements 8............................................................... B 1.1 Inappropriate High Level Requirements 8 ............................................................ B 1.2 Appropriate High Level Requirement 11 .............................................................. B 2. MoSCoW Prioritisation 13............................................................................. B 2.1 Prioritise the updated “high level requirements list” 13 ....................................... B 2.2 Reasons of setting above priorities 13 ................................................................. Summary 15............................................................................................................ Section C : Legal, Social, Ethical and Professional Issues 16 ................... C 1. Management Summary about Data Controller and LSEPI 16.................... C 1.1 Role of a Data Controller 16 ................................................................................. C 1.2 LSEPI by adopting the new system 17 ................................................................ C 2. Management Summary about BCS Code of Conduct 19........................... C 2.1 Purpose of BCS Code of Conduct 19 ................................................................. C 2.2 Professional Issues happened from considering BCS Code of Conduct 19 ....... Summary 21............................................................................................................ Appendix 22 ............................................................................................... Appendix A : Solutions of LSEPI 22...................................................................... Reference 23..............................................................................................
Section A : Management Summary A 1. Introduction This project is for the company named “NutrarlyNow” , however, it is not the first company for Jules Mayweather, the founder and the CEO, a mother and completed a BSc degree in Food and Nutrition. She has the running company called “Nutrarly” which is the B2B business that sales baby food and has about 100 employees. They mainly sale to supermarkets with the processes of accept, process and distribute orders. Now she wants to expand the company within four month into a B2C business model, which directly delivers to the customer as they wish with the selected items in meals for baby. However CFO and Head of IT department disagree with the idea. Thus Jules makes the new “NutrarlyNow” company by hiring SystemWorks, as outsourcing team. For the maintenance in later cases, she desires to maintain with her old company’s IT department team. From analysing the above case, Steven thought that using DSDM approach might be the solution for “Systemwork” to create this system.
A 2. Will DSDM be appropriate approach to develop this system? 1. Will necessary business needs’ information get? Sure, CEO and the founder of the company, Jules Mayweather, wants to create the new system excitedly. 2. Is there exact time to deliver from the company side? Yes, Jules wants to make the new system within four month. 3. Is there any wished quality defined from the business side? Yes, Jules wants to make the system that the users can browse, select and purchase for baby food. 4. Have the company background and the facing problems been explored? Yes, both of them have been explored and the summary has been explained from above section. 5. Is there participating customer for the company to get the feedback from time to time? Yes, there are Jules, two customers and most of her selective management team to get the feedback. 6. Is there any stakeholder to communicated continuously to use DSDM approach? Yes, Jules (the founder and the CEO) is the active stockholder for this system to create and she could be communicate continuously. 7. Will there be the possible interruption from the disagree person? No, both of head of IT and CFO does not seem to get interruption for making the new system though they disagree with the idea.
A 3. Why DSDM should be used analysing with its principles? Principle One - Focus on the business need To focus the business need, there have to be active stakeholders in the company. In this case, even the CEO and the founder of the company has been actively involved to create the new system. Moreover most of the business need have been defined from the facility workshop meeting which later be applied in the MoSCoW. Principle Two - Deliver on time One of the issues is there is only four months to create the system. Using DSDM not only have to Strict Time but also the philosophy of the DSDM is “no more no less just good enough to use”. So it will be more likely to deliver on time with the good result. Principle Three - Cooperate and collaborate Most of the participated from facilitated workshop have collaborated by giving their needs of business. Moreover Jules, founder and CEO is the very active stakeholders to develop the system. Thus this collaborations will make system to meet the needs of business later. Principle Four - Never compromise quality Form the facilitated workshop, most of the stakeholders have defined the quality for the new system. Even the CFO who refuses to make the system defined the desired quality of the system if it has been done. As the quality has been defined from the beginning, DSDM is ready to do for this project. Principle Five - Build incrementally To make DSDM, the “Systemwork” needs to know the high level problem of the “NutrarlyNow”. In the next section, there will be the appropriate high level requirements will be defined along with the inappropriate one. Principle Six - Develop iteratively In DSDM, after each stage of the time box will request the feedback of the user for better evaluation and iterate again if the system needed to maintain. Most of the stakeholders including Jules is ready to give the feedback for the iteration process.
Principle Seven - Communicate continuously DSDM needed to meet the stakeholder continuously with informal meeting, face-to-face communication or facilitated workshops. As most of the stakeholders from “NutrarlyNow” are actively involved to create the new system, there is less risk to be the lack of communication between “NutrarlyNow” and “Systemwork”. Principle Eight - Demonstrate control In DSDM, it is necessary to have the fully controllable the project and the head of IT department of the company says there will be no interrupt for this project. Thus the project can be fully controlled by “Systemwork”. Also the necessary business needs had been got from the workshop, it is ready to make proactively progress management; time boxing and MoSCoW for the project. A 4. Consequences of using DSDM for this project Advantages 1. Final product will be met the business needs of the “NutrarlyNow” company. 2. Final product can be delivered within four month with specific time management techniques, MoSCoW and time boxing. 3. The definite quality of the final product set from the beginning thus the final design will meet the standard quality of the “NutrarlyNow” company. 4. Evaluate iteratively by following the feedback from the company after each time box is done. 5. Each process of the progresses is fully controlled by timeboxes and proactive progress (MoSCoW), thus “Systemwork” team can delivered the products not just completion. Drawback 1. Feedback used to the iteration process at the end of each timebox will be confused if there are too many changing minds from NutrarlyNow’s stakeholder. 2. Project cannot be delivered on time if there are too many changing mind from “NutrarlyNow’’ 3. If the NutrarlyNow left some quality definitions at the beginning workshop, the final product will continuously lack them. Word Count - 972
Summary In the section there are four parts; introduction, data filers, DSDM principles and the consequences happened of using DSDM. In the introduction, the summaries of the company’s background has been written and the bold letter are the key to be used in the DSDM filer and the DSDM principles explanation linked to the use case. For the DSDM principles, these principles have been used from www.agilebusiness.org. (Business Consortium, 2019)
Section B : High Level Requirement and Prioritisation B 1. Listing High Level Requirements From the facilitated workshop, most of the participants did not understand the definition of high level requirements and give the answers together with medium level and low level requirements. The high level requirements must be the requirements of the business needs of the company and from this section will separate between the inappropriate high level requirements and the appropriate one. B 1.1 Inappropriate High Level Requirements Inappropriate high level requirements means low level or medium level requirements. There are two requirements in low level requirements, functional and non-functional requirements. Thus this section will tell about the functional and non-functional requirements of the inappropriate high level to make the development stage easier. Functional requirements 1. Auto Calculation of Nutrition Value - Jules Mayweather (Owner and CEO) wants to show the auto- calculated nutritional value of each meal after the creation while John Oldman (Food preparation) wants to show the nutritional value of both each items included in the meals and the final combination of the meals. 2. “Switch off” Food Option - To prevent the allergic happening to the baby, Jules Mayweather (Owner and CEO) and John Oldman (Food preparation) want to have the “switch off” food option to the system then customers can switch off the allergic food of their baby at the beginning. 3. Save meals for future purchase - Jules Mayweather (Owner and CEO) wants to save the purchased meal for future purchases. 4. Select items - Dave Davidson (Shipping and logistics) wants to get the website to be selective the meals while John Oldman (Food Preparation) told that customers should be selected the meals at least five days before they needed.
5. Refund function - If there is the problems, the system should be able to request the refund said by Dave Davidson (Shipping and Logistics). 6. Comments, Questions, Review Sections - From Dave Davidson (Shipping and Logistics), Laine Conway (Marketing) and Sue Thompson (Potential Customer) told they wanted to get the comment sections, questions section to ask about the products and chat room to know voice to voice and the review section that can be read or written. Summary Table No. Function Person 1 Auto Calculation of Nutrition Value - Jules Mayweather (Owner and CEO) - John Oldman (Food Preparation) 2 “Switch off” Food Option - Jules Mayweather (Owner and CEO) - John Oldman (Food Preparation) 3 Save Meals for Future Purchase - Jules Mayweather (Owner and CEO) 4 Select Items - Dave Davidson (Shipping and Logistics) - John Oldman (Food Preparation) 5 Refund Function - Dave Davidson (Shipping and Logistics) 6 Comments, Questions, Review Sections - Dave Davidson (Shipping and Logistics) - Laine Conway (Marketing) - Sue Thompson (Potential Customer)
Non-functional requirements 1. Sale Management, Popular Food Items and Repeated Customers Countdown Reports - Cathy McGraw (CFO) disagree with the system, but if the system is done, she wants to know the report of the these. 2. Product Daily Reports - John Oldman (Food Preparation) want to get the produce daily reports to know what meals to prepare and package. 3. Easy to Use, Quick Load Time and Healthy Design website - Paige McMan (Potential Customer) wants to get the website that is easy to use with quick load time and the design of the website is resemble to healthy lifestyle. 4. Log in Function - Jules Mayweather (Owner and CEO), the two potential customer, Paige McMan and Sue Thompson want to get the log in function on the website while Laine Conway (Marketing) wants the log in function with e-mail address thus they can send marketing materials to customer via e-mail. Summary Table No. Function Person 1 Sale Management, Popular Food Items and Repeated Customers Countdown Reports - Cathy McGraw (CFO) 2 Product Daily Reports - John Oldman (Food Preparation) 3 Easy to Use, Quick Load Time and Healthy Design Website - Paige McMan (Potential Customer) 4 Log in Function - Jules Mayweather (Owner and CEO) - Paige McMan and Sue Thompson (Potential Customers) - Laine Conway (Marketing)
B 1.2 Appropriate High Level Requirement By analysing the workshop and removing the low level requirements, the following high level requirements of the “NutrarlyNow” company to develop the new system is got. 1. Web Browsing - Customers do not need to have account to browse at the meals and the nutritional value of the baby food in “NutrarlyNow” website. 2. Customer Management - To buy the meals from the “NutrarlyNow” website, customers have to register account. These registration data will be saved in the database and later the custom can only log in to their account. To register the account, customers must have an e-mail, which will be saved and used again for future e-mail marketing. 3. Meals Creation - Customers can create meals with their desired selected items. While selecting the items, they can “switch off” the food option that are allergic to their baby. After creation the meals, the nutrition value of each items included in the meals and the total amount of the meal will be automatically calculated and show to the customers. 4. Shopping Basket - When the customers have their desired meals, they add to the shopping basket which calculated the total orders, and the amount of the total meals including the taxes. 5. Payment Management - If the customers deal with the amount, they have to choose either the payment method or cash on delivery. 6. Order Management - After buying the orders, the customers have to wait a least five days to be delivered. They will be shown it with the tracking system to know what their orders is doing. If the customers change mind, they can request refund and the amount of the refund will be got according to the refund policy of “NutrarlyNow” company. Also the ordered meals will be saved to the customer account for further purchases. 7. Internal Messaging - While the customers done order and being in waiting days, the report of the order will be sent to the food production teams of the company via internal website section. They will make the food and the tracking system shows the order is in the food production stage. 8. Delivery System Management - After food production, they have to click done in the internal website section and send to the logistic for packaging and delivery. The delivery man can know which product have to be sent to where with the website.
9. Feedback - Customer can rate about the ordering experiences of using website with the comments. Also others people can read and write review about the “NutrarlyNow”. 10. Help Section - If the customers face with problems, they can ask questions to the “NutrarlyNow” digital marketing teams and there is the chat room to discuss about the general issues about food items with other customers. Word Count - 1078
B 2. MoSCoW Prioritisation B 2.1 Prioritise the updated “high level requirements list” B 2.2 Reasons of setting above priorities No. High Level Requirements Priority 1 Web Browsing Won't have 2 Customer Management Must have 3 Meals Creation Must have 4 Shopping Basket Should have 5 Payment Management Should have 6 Order Management Could have 7 Internal Messaging Could have 8 Delivery System Management Could have 9 Feedback Could have 10 Help Section Won’t have Requirements One : Web Browsing Priority : Won’t have Reason : As “NutrarlyNow” is not the first company and it has the mother company “Nutrarly” which runs B2B, the branding value get a position to the customers. Whether registration needed or not, old customers who like the product of “Nutrarly” will come to the website. So this requirement does not necessarily need to have. Requirements Two : Customer Management Priority : Must have Reason : Customers need to register with e-mail for purchasing products from the website and “NutrarlyNow” can also make e-mail marketing with the registered e-mail. The reason of this website is to sell the customers from door-to-door and thus customer information needed to be stored and this requirement is must have for this system.
Requirements Three : Meals Creation Priority : Must have Reason : Customers need to be able to create meals, thus they can buy their desired selected items for their baby and been delivered to their door. This is one of the main reasons why this system is made. Requirements Four : Shopping Basket Priority : Should have Reason : Customers might not be order only a meal and they might want to know about the price of their total meals. Thus adding to the shopping basket function should be in the system, but without it the system can be fine. Requirements Five : Payment Management Priority : Should have Reason : Payment system is necessary for the customer to buy their created meals, but it is not the must have function as there is the cash on deliver option. However, the payment method should be included in the system. Requirements Six : Order Management Priority : Could have Reason : This system show the tracking of the customers’ orders. This might make the customer to get know what their order is doing, but it is not necessary need to have. Requirements Seven : Internal Messaging Priority : Could have Reason : Each order's report will be messaged to food production department via the website. This makes the relationship convenient between the two system, but without having this, can also be done manually via gmail. Requirements Eight : Delivery System Management Priority : Could have Reason : After the product is done, the order will be got to the delivery department, and the system will show which order have to deliver to which customer with destination, however, the delivery man can know it manually without using the website.
Word Count - 508 Summary In this section is mostly related to DSDM methodology and there are two main parts here. The first one is about the inappropriate high level requirement (which tell functional and non-functional requirements) and the appropriate high level requirement. The second one is about the MoSCoW prioritisation with its suitable reason. Requirements Nine : Feedback Priority : Could have Reason : Getting the feedback from customer it good, but this is not the must have function for the website at the beginning. This will be an essential function in later, but for the started company with the new system, the feedback will be got from somewhere. Requirements Ten : Help Section Priority : Won’t have Reason : As the website is just beginning, few people will use help section and there will be lesser problems they are facing. In fact older customer from “Nutrarly” already know about the quality and the product they delivered, this section won’t be necessary at the beginning.
Section C : Legal, Social, Ethical and Professional Issues C 1. Management Summary about Data Controller and LSEPI C 1.1 Role of a Data Controller As “NutrarlyNow” will run the B2C system, customer management from the new system will be collected the personal data of the customers. To collect the customer’s data lawfully, “NutrarlyNow” have to hire the data processor who will follow the Eight principles defined from the “Data Protection Act 1998”. These Eight principles protect all the collected personal data for safely collect or safely transfer from “NutrarlyNow” to other company. In these principles, the data must be - 1. Fair - The collecting data from the “NutrarlyNow” system must be fair or the just related data to the company’s system. As this website is selling the baby food, collecting the name or DOB of the baby is fair, however, the birth place, the blood type or other unnecessary data of the customer or baby is unfair or should not be collected. 2. Specific - The data collecting of “NutrarlyNow” company must be used or asked specifically or lawfully. 3. Adequate - Just like the principles one, the data collected from the system must not be excessive than the system’s purpose. 4. Accurate - To collect the data from the customer, the system must ask the accurate questions about the customers to fulfil the specific purpose. 5. Retention - The collected customer’s data, must be retained in the company’s system for specific time and should not be collected over time. 6. Rights - The customer’s data will be respectably collected to its respective data subjects. 7. Security - The collected data will be stored securely; meaning they have to be prevented in case of loss, damage, disclosure, unlawful use and so on. 8. Transfer - The data collected from the system must not be transferred outside of the EU without having the acceptable level of protection right.
C 1.2 LSEPI by adopting the new system Issue : Legal Issues Meaning : Law issues happened from the new system Example One : Security Breaches As “NutrarlyNow” system has been mostly related to the customers, there might be the risk of unauthorised access to the website by the black hat hackers in order to get the personal informations of the customers. Example Two : Breaking Intellectual Property or former company’s policy Since “Nutrarly” is the old company and this “NutrarlyNow” is the new company for Jules, the trademark between these two company should be considered properly. Jules has to make “NutrarlyNow” either as the daughter company of “Nutrarly” or as the separate new company. Otherwise, the trademark between these two will be confused and there will be the legal issues; breaking intellectual property of the trademark of “Nutrarly” company. Issue : Social Issues Meaning : Issues affect to the society because of the new system Example One : Unemployment This social issues happen not only because of the new system but also because of the internal problems between the Jules’s idea and the head of the IT. Jules thinks after the new system, the IT department will continuous to develop and look over the new system, however, he and his teams deny both the idea and the new system. If he continuous doing this, they will be unemployed from the company. Example Two : Lose Reputation Hence “NutrarlyNow” is the new B2C system, there can be the problem between the website and the internal staff like the different between the deliver data shown in the system and the real delivered date to the customer and the different between the quality shown in the system, and the real quality get to the customer. These facts can loss reputation of the company because of the new system.
Word Count - 789 Issue : Ethical Issues Meaning : Moral philosophical issues that can happen from the system Example One : Unauthorised data transferred Since the data of the “NutrarlyNow” belongs to the company, no other company’s staff can use it as their personal used. However, if one in the company use them for their own profit, this is one of the moral/ ethical issues and the rules of DPA and the copyright been broken. Example Two : Unauthorised data access This issues can also called hacking. As this system is the IT system, the authority of the data is prohibited to each positions and having data access without the authority can be one of the ethical issues happened to the staff of the company. Issue : Professional Issues Meaning : Issues happened from making unprofessionally actions Example One : Disqualification This issue can mainly be happened to the IT department’s staff, who might not meet the quality to run the new system. Because of the new system, the required quality standard will be higher. Example Two : Lack of professional management Unlike B2B system, B2C system is more busy and a lot of places to produce, package and deliver. If the team leaders of these regions do not have the professional management skills, the company will make a lot of mistakes to the customers.
C 2. Management Summary about BCS Code of Conduct C 2.1 Purpose of BCS Code of Conduct BCS Code of Conduct is neither the law nor code algorithm to develop the system. This is the guidelines of professional body created by BCS (British Computer Society). BCS Code of Conduct is used for better choice in the situation of grey ethical area, which people confuse to choose between the two parts to get the right way. So its purpose is to avoid the ethical issues while developing the computer system. There is the member fees to be members of BCS Code of Conduct and have to take exam for it. After examining, one will be certified to use the BCS Code of Conduct and follow to follow the Four Sections as follow - 1. The Public Interest 2. Duty To Relevant Authority 3. Duty To The Profession 4. Professional Competence and Integrity C 2.2 Professional Issues happened from considering BCS Code of Conduct The Public Interest Guideline : “5. Conduct professional activities without discrimination against clients or colleagues” “6. You Shall reject any offer of bribery or inducement.” Case : Since “Nutrarly” is the large company and now the owner and the CEO want to expend it to the B2C market, the competitors of the company would make the development process slow down by offing the bribery or inducement to the “Systemwork” system developer and the action of Head of IT is unacceptable from time to time by telling the negative words in the workshop meeting. Solution : As the “Systemwork” follows the BCS Code of Conduct the developer has to reject the offer from the competitors according to the guideline No.6. Also one of the professional activities is “conducting without discrimination against clients” the developer shall not be discriminated about the head of the IT and continuous according to the time box. What if the developer discriminated, there will be the internal conflict during each future workshop and it will lead no one for the good.
Duty To Relevant Authority Guideline : “9. You shall not misrepresent or withhold information on the performance of products systems or services, or take advantage of the lack of relevant knowledge or inexperience of others” Case : One of the DSDM ways to present the situation of the system is prototyping. The “Systemwork” developer does not want to iterate the previous process to change some unimportant function got from the feedback. Normal developer would misrepresent the information by showing that it is changed in the next prototype, but not in the real system. Solution : As the member of the BCS Code of Conduct, the developer shall not “misrepresent the information on the performance of products systems or service”. Instead of that “Systemwork” developer have to iterate to the previous process and change some function according the feedback. Without following the BCS Code of Conduct, the action of the developers will be done unprofessionally. Duty To The Profession Guideline : “13. You shall notify the Society if convicted of a criminal offence or upon becoming bankrupt or disqualified as Company Director” Case : During the developing process, the partner of the “Systemwork” took away the fund of the company and thus the company is upon becoming to be bankrupt. Solution : Being the member of the BCS Code of Conduct, the “Systemwork” have to be notify the society about the situation of the company of becoming bankrupt. To the “NutrarlyNow” the “Systemwork” developer has to do according to the time box of DSDM and finish till to the end. Besides “Systemwork” have to write and sent about the company’s situation to its clients including “NutrarlyNow” company.
Professional Competence and Integrity Guideline : “15. You shall not claim any level of competence that you do not possess. You shall only offer to do work or provide a service that is within your professional competence.” Case : “Systemwork” developer want to get impression from the its client “NutrarlyNow” company and thus think to say more than offer. Solution : As the follower of the guidelines of the BCS Code of Conduct to be the professional developers, the system developer “shall no be claim any level of competence that you do not possess”. Also the philosophy of the DSDM is “No more, No less, good enough”. So doing as the offer and say to the level of competence that the developer possesses. Word Count - 710 Summary In section, it is about the data controller and LSEPI and the BCS Code of Conduct. For the data controller in the first part, the principle reference from (VinciWorks Blog, 2017) and the second part, BCS Code of Conduct, it is referred from (Code of Conduct, 2019).
Appendix Appendix A : Solutions of LSEPI Issues Solutions Legal Issues Example One : After the website is done, it should be tested by the ethical hackers in order to know the security and this process also should also be proceeded in the future. However, Jules Mayweather wants to take over the future cases with her Nutrarly’s IT departments, this issue has to be discuss again. Example Two : Jules has to choose about the trademark and thus the icon and the logo used for the “NutarlyNow” website will be free from the intellectual property. After choosing it, Jules, her teams and the “Systemworks” have to write about the former company’s policy and declare it on the new system. Social Issues Example One : Jules has to left the head of the IT and his team to the old company, “Nutrarly” and she has to employ the new IT staffs and recruits the new team for the new company. Example Two : To overcome this, the content shown in the website should be adjusted with the real life system; especially the food production teams and the delivery teams have to cooperate well. Ethical Issues Example One : The data controller should control the company’s data carefully according to DPA eight principles. To prevent the unauthorised data transferred, the policy of the company should include the fact about punishment for this case. Example Two : For this issues, the staffs have to be trained to get the good morality by doing seminar within the company and proactively add punishment facts to the company’s policy for those who tried to make unauthorised data access. Professional Issues Example One : Make the training about the new system and give courses to the existing staff to be more knowledgable and higher quality. Otherwise “NutrarlyNow” company have to recruit its IT department. Example Two : Each team leader must have the professional management skill, if not these position must be recruited with the experienced, skilled leaders, as they are in the higher positions, being making mistakes should be proactively avoided.
Reference Business Consortium, A. (2019). Chapter 4: Principles. [online] Agilebusiness.org. Available at: https:// www.agilebusiness.org/page/ProjectFramework_04_Principles [Accessed 25 Nov. 2019]. VinciWorks Blog. (2017). The 8 Principles of Data Protection & GDPR - VinciWorks Blog. [online] Available at: https://vinciworks.com/blog/8-principles-data-protection-act-gdpr-guide/ [Accessed 27 Nov. 2019]. Code of Conduct, B. (2019). BCS, THE CHARTERED INSTITUTE FOR IT CODE OF CONDUCT FOR BCS MEMBERS. [online] Cdn.bcs.org. Available at: https://cdn.bcs.org/bcs-org-media/2211/bcs-code-of- conduct.pdf [Accessed 28 Nov. 2019].

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Development Frameworks and Methods Coursework (DFM CW)

  • 2. Section A : Management Summary 3 ........................................................ A 1. Introduction 3.................................................................................................. A 2. Will DSDM be appropriate approach to develop this system? 4............... A 3. Why DSDM should be used analysing with its principles? 5...................... A 4. Consequences of using DSDM for this project 6........................................ Summary 7.............................................................................................................. Section B : High Level Requirement and Prioritisation 8 ........................... B 1. Listing High Level Requirements 8............................................................... B 1.1 Inappropriate High Level Requirements 8 ............................................................ B 1.2 Appropriate High Level Requirement 11 .............................................................. B 2. MoSCoW Prioritisation 13............................................................................. B 2.1 Prioritise the updated “high level requirements list” 13 ....................................... B 2.2 Reasons of setting above priorities 13 ................................................................. Summary 15............................................................................................................ Section C : Legal, Social, Ethical and Professional Issues 16 ................... C 1. Management Summary about Data Controller and LSEPI 16.................... C 1.1 Role of a Data Controller 16 ................................................................................. C 1.2 LSEPI by adopting the new system 17 ................................................................ C 2. Management Summary about BCS Code of Conduct 19........................... C 2.1 Purpose of BCS Code of Conduct 19 ................................................................. C 2.2 Professional Issues happened from considering BCS Code of Conduct 19 ....... Summary 21............................................................................................................ Appendix 22 ............................................................................................... Appendix A : Solutions of LSEPI 22...................................................................... Reference 23..............................................................................................
  • 3. Section A : Management Summary A 1. Introduction This project is for the company named “NutrarlyNow” , however, it is not the first company for Jules Mayweather, the founder and the CEO, a mother and completed a BSc degree in Food and Nutrition. She has the running company called “Nutrarly” which is the B2B business that sales baby food and has about 100 employees. They mainly sale to supermarkets with the processes of accept, process and distribute orders. Now she wants to expand the company within four month into a B2C business model, which directly delivers to the customer as they wish with the selected items in meals for baby. However CFO and Head of IT department disagree with the idea. Thus Jules makes the new “NutrarlyNow” company by hiring SystemWorks, as outsourcing team. For the maintenance in later cases, she desires to maintain with her old company’s IT department team. From analysing the above case, Steven thought that using DSDM approach might be the solution for “Systemwork” to create this system.
  • 4. A 2. Will DSDM be appropriate approach to develop this system? 1. Will necessary business needs’ information get? Sure, CEO and the founder of the company, Jules Mayweather, wants to create the new system excitedly. 2. Is there exact time to deliver from the company side? Yes, Jules wants to make the new system within four month. 3. Is there any wished quality defined from the business side? Yes, Jules wants to make the system that the users can browse, select and purchase for baby food. 4. Have the company background and the facing problems been explored? Yes, both of them have been explored and the summary has been explained from above section. 5. Is there participating customer for the company to get the feedback from time to time? Yes, there are Jules, two customers and most of her selective management team to get the feedback. 6. Is there any stakeholder to communicated continuously to use DSDM approach? Yes, Jules (the founder and the CEO) is the active stockholder for this system to create and she could be communicate continuously. 7. Will there be the possible interruption from the disagree person? No, both of head of IT and CFO does not seem to get interruption for making the new system though they disagree with the idea.
  • 5. A 3. Why DSDM should be used analysing with its principles? Principle One - Focus on the business need To focus the business need, there have to be active stakeholders in the company. In this case, even the CEO and the founder of the company has been actively involved to create the new system. Moreover most of the business need have been defined from the facility workshop meeting which later be applied in the MoSCoW. Principle Two - Deliver on time One of the issues is there is only four months to create the system. Using DSDM not only have to Strict Time but also the philosophy of the DSDM is “no more no less just good enough to use”. So it will be more likely to deliver on time with the good result. Principle Three - Cooperate and collaborate Most of the participated from facilitated workshop have collaborated by giving their needs of business. Moreover Jules, founder and CEO is the very active stakeholders to develop the system. Thus this collaborations will make system to meet the needs of business later. Principle Four - Never compromise quality Form the facilitated workshop, most of the stakeholders have defined the quality for the new system. Even the CFO who refuses to make the system defined the desired quality of the system if it has been done. As the quality has been defined from the beginning, DSDM is ready to do for this project. Principle Five - Build incrementally To make DSDM, the “Systemwork” needs to know the high level problem of the “NutrarlyNow”. In the next section, there will be the appropriate high level requirements will be defined along with the inappropriate one. Principle Six - Develop iteratively In DSDM, after each stage of the time box will request the feedback of the user for better evaluation and iterate again if the system needed to maintain. Most of the stakeholders including Jules is ready to give the feedback for the iteration process.
  • 6. Principle Seven - Communicate continuously DSDM needed to meet the stakeholder continuously with informal meeting, face-to-face communication or facilitated workshops. As most of the stakeholders from “NutrarlyNow” are actively involved to create the new system, there is less risk to be the lack of communication between “NutrarlyNow” and “Systemwork”. Principle Eight - Demonstrate control In DSDM, it is necessary to have the fully controllable the project and the head of IT department of the company says there will be no interrupt for this project. Thus the project can be fully controlled by “Systemwork”. Also the necessary business needs had been got from the workshop, it is ready to make proactively progress management; time boxing and MoSCoW for the project. A 4. Consequences of using DSDM for this project Advantages 1. Final product will be met the business needs of the “NutrarlyNow” company. 2. Final product can be delivered within four month with specific time management techniques, MoSCoW and time boxing. 3. The definite quality of the final product set from the beginning thus the final design will meet the standard quality of the “NutrarlyNow” company. 4. Evaluate iteratively by following the feedback from the company after each time box is done. 5. Each process of the progresses is fully controlled by timeboxes and proactive progress (MoSCoW), thus “Systemwork” team can delivered the products not just completion. Drawback 1. Feedback used to the iteration process at the end of each timebox will be confused if there are too many changing minds from NutrarlyNow’s stakeholder. 2. Project cannot be delivered on time if there are too many changing mind from “NutrarlyNow’’ 3. If the NutrarlyNow left some quality definitions at the beginning workshop, the final product will continuously lack them. Word Count - 972
  • 7. Summary In the section there are four parts; introduction, data filers, DSDM principles and the consequences happened of using DSDM. In the introduction, the summaries of the company’s background has been written and the bold letter are the key to be used in the DSDM filer and the DSDM principles explanation linked to the use case. For the DSDM principles, these principles have been used from www.agilebusiness.org. (Business Consortium, 2019)
  • 8. Section B : High Level Requirement and Prioritisation B 1. Listing High Level Requirements From the facilitated workshop, most of the participants did not understand the definition of high level requirements and give the answers together with medium level and low level requirements. The high level requirements must be the requirements of the business needs of the company and from this section will separate between the inappropriate high level requirements and the appropriate one. B 1.1 Inappropriate High Level Requirements Inappropriate high level requirements means low level or medium level requirements. There are two requirements in low level requirements, functional and non-functional requirements. Thus this section will tell about the functional and non-functional requirements of the inappropriate high level to make the development stage easier. Functional requirements 1. Auto Calculation of Nutrition Value - Jules Mayweather (Owner and CEO) wants to show the auto- calculated nutritional value of each meal after the creation while John Oldman (Food preparation) wants to show the nutritional value of both each items included in the meals and the final combination of the meals. 2. “Switch off” Food Option - To prevent the allergic happening to the baby, Jules Mayweather (Owner and CEO) and John Oldman (Food preparation) want to have the “switch off” food option to the system then customers can switch off the allergic food of their baby at the beginning. 3. Save meals for future purchase - Jules Mayweather (Owner and CEO) wants to save the purchased meal for future purchases. 4. Select items - Dave Davidson (Shipping and logistics) wants to get the website to be selective the meals while John Oldman (Food Preparation) told that customers should be selected the meals at least five days before they needed.
  • 9. 5. Refund function - If there is the problems, the system should be able to request the refund said by Dave Davidson (Shipping and Logistics). 6. Comments, Questions, Review Sections - From Dave Davidson (Shipping and Logistics), Laine Conway (Marketing) and Sue Thompson (Potential Customer) told they wanted to get the comment sections, questions section to ask about the products and chat room to know voice to voice and the review section that can be read or written. Summary Table No. Function Person 1 Auto Calculation of Nutrition Value - Jules Mayweather (Owner and CEO) - John Oldman (Food Preparation) 2 “Switch off” Food Option - Jules Mayweather (Owner and CEO) - John Oldman (Food Preparation) 3 Save Meals for Future Purchase - Jules Mayweather (Owner and CEO) 4 Select Items - Dave Davidson (Shipping and Logistics) - John Oldman (Food Preparation) 5 Refund Function - Dave Davidson (Shipping and Logistics) 6 Comments, Questions, Review Sections - Dave Davidson (Shipping and Logistics) - Laine Conway (Marketing) - Sue Thompson (Potential Customer)
  • 10. Non-functional requirements 1. Sale Management, Popular Food Items and Repeated Customers Countdown Reports - Cathy McGraw (CFO) disagree with the system, but if the system is done, she wants to know the report of the these. 2. Product Daily Reports - John Oldman (Food Preparation) want to get the produce daily reports to know what meals to prepare and package. 3. Easy to Use, Quick Load Time and Healthy Design website - Paige McMan (Potential Customer) wants to get the website that is easy to use with quick load time and the design of the website is resemble to healthy lifestyle. 4. Log in Function - Jules Mayweather (Owner and CEO), the two potential customer, Paige McMan and Sue Thompson want to get the log in function on the website while Laine Conway (Marketing) wants the log in function with e-mail address thus they can send marketing materials to customer via e-mail. Summary Table No. Function Person 1 Sale Management, Popular Food Items and Repeated Customers Countdown Reports - Cathy McGraw (CFO) 2 Product Daily Reports - John Oldman (Food Preparation) 3 Easy to Use, Quick Load Time and Healthy Design Website - Paige McMan (Potential Customer) 4 Log in Function - Jules Mayweather (Owner and CEO) - Paige McMan and Sue Thompson (Potential Customers) - Laine Conway (Marketing)
  • 11. B 1.2 Appropriate High Level Requirement By analysing the workshop and removing the low level requirements, the following high level requirements of the “NutrarlyNow” company to develop the new system is got. 1. Web Browsing - Customers do not need to have account to browse at the meals and the nutritional value of the baby food in “NutrarlyNow” website. 2. Customer Management - To buy the meals from the “NutrarlyNow” website, customers have to register account. These registration data will be saved in the database and later the custom can only log in to their account. To register the account, customers must have an e-mail, which will be saved and used again for future e-mail marketing. 3. Meals Creation - Customers can create meals with their desired selected items. While selecting the items, they can “switch off” the food option that are allergic to their baby. After creation the meals, the nutrition value of each items included in the meals and the total amount of the meal will be automatically calculated and show to the customers. 4. Shopping Basket - When the customers have their desired meals, they add to the shopping basket which calculated the total orders, and the amount of the total meals including the taxes. 5. Payment Management - If the customers deal with the amount, they have to choose either the payment method or cash on delivery. 6. Order Management - After buying the orders, the customers have to wait a least five days to be delivered. They will be shown it with the tracking system to know what their orders is doing. If the customers change mind, they can request refund and the amount of the refund will be got according to the refund policy of “NutrarlyNow” company. Also the ordered meals will be saved to the customer account for further purchases. 7. Internal Messaging - While the customers done order and being in waiting days, the report of the order will be sent to the food production teams of the company via internal website section. They will make the food and the tracking system shows the order is in the food production stage. 8. Delivery System Management - After food production, they have to click done in the internal website section and send to the logistic for packaging and delivery. The delivery man can know which product have to be sent to where with the website.
  • 12. 9. Feedback - Customer can rate about the ordering experiences of using website with the comments. Also others people can read and write review about the “NutrarlyNow”. 10. Help Section - If the customers face with problems, they can ask questions to the “NutrarlyNow” digital marketing teams and there is the chat room to discuss about the general issues about food items with other customers. Word Count - 1078
  • 13. B 2. MoSCoW Prioritisation B 2.1 Prioritise the updated “high level requirements list” B 2.2 Reasons of setting above priorities No. High Level Requirements Priority 1 Web Browsing Won't have 2 Customer Management Must have 3 Meals Creation Must have 4 Shopping Basket Should have 5 Payment Management Should have 6 Order Management Could have 7 Internal Messaging Could have 8 Delivery System Management Could have 9 Feedback Could have 10 Help Section Won’t have Requirements One : Web Browsing Priority : Won’t have Reason : As “NutrarlyNow” is not the first company and it has the mother company “Nutrarly” which runs B2B, the branding value get a position to the customers. Whether registration needed or not, old customers who like the product of “Nutrarly” will come to the website. So this requirement does not necessarily need to have. Requirements Two : Customer Management Priority : Must have Reason : Customers need to register with e-mail for purchasing products from the website and “NutrarlyNow” can also make e-mail marketing with the registered e-mail. The reason of this website is to sell the customers from door-to-door and thus customer information needed to be stored and this requirement is must have for this system.
  • 14. Requirements Three : Meals Creation Priority : Must have Reason : Customers need to be able to create meals, thus they can buy their desired selected items for their baby and been delivered to their door. This is one of the main reasons why this system is made. Requirements Four : Shopping Basket Priority : Should have Reason : Customers might not be order only a meal and they might want to know about the price of their total meals. Thus adding to the shopping basket function should be in the system, but without it the system can be fine. Requirements Five : Payment Management Priority : Should have Reason : Payment system is necessary for the customer to buy their created meals, but it is not the must have function as there is the cash on deliver option. However, the payment method should be included in the system. Requirements Six : Order Management Priority : Could have Reason : This system show the tracking of the customers’ orders. This might make the customer to get know what their order is doing, but it is not necessary need to have. Requirements Seven : Internal Messaging Priority : Could have Reason : Each order's report will be messaged to food production department via the website. This makes the relationship convenient between the two system, but without having this, can also be done manually via gmail. Requirements Eight : Delivery System Management Priority : Could have Reason : After the product is done, the order will be got to the delivery department, and the system will show which order have to deliver to which customer with destination, however, the delivery man can know it manually without using the website.
  • 15. Word Count - 508 Summary In this section is mostly related to DSDM methodology and there are two main parts here. The first one is about the inappropriate high level requirement (which tell functional and non-functional requirements) and the appropriate high level requirement. The second one is about the MoSCoW prioritisation with its suitable reason. Requirements Nine : Feedback Priority : Could have Reason : Getting the feedback from customer it good, but this is not the must have function for the website at the beginning. This will be an essential function in later, but for the started company with the new system, the feedback will be got from somewhere. Requirements Ten : Help Section Priority : Won’t have Reason : As the website is just beginning, few people will use help section and there will be lesser problems they are facing. In fact older customer from “Nutrarly” already know about the quality and the product they delivered, this section won’t be necessary at the beginning.
  • 16. Section C : Legal, Social, Ethical and Professional Issues C 1. Management Summary about Data Controller and LSEPI C 1.1 Role of a Data Controller As “NutrarlyNow” will run the B2C system, customer management from the new system will be collected the personal data of the customers. To collect the customer’s data lawfully, “NutrarlyNow” have to hire the data processor who will follow the Eight principles defined from the “Data Protection Act 1998”. These Eight principles protect all the collected personal data for safely collect or safely transfer from “NutrarlyNow” to other company. In these principles, the data must be - 1. Fair - The collecting data from the “NutrarlyNow” system must be fair or the just related data to the company’s system. As this website is selling the baby food, collecting the name or DOB of the baby is fair, however, the birth place, the blood type or other unnecessary data of the customer or baby is unfair or should not be collected. 2. Specific - The data collecting of “NutrarlyNow” company must be used or asked specifically or lawfully. 3. Adequate - Just like the principles one, the data collected from the system must not be excessive than the system’s purpose. 4. Accurate - To collect the data from the customer, the system must ask the accurate questions about the customers to fulfil the specific purpose. 5. Retention - The collected customer’s data, must be retained in the company’s system for specific time and should not be collected over time. 6. Rights - The customer’s data will be respectably collected to its respective data subjects. 7. Security - The collected data will be stored securely; meaning they have to be prevented in case of loss, damage, disclosure, unlawful use and so on. 8. Transfer - The data collected from the system must not be transferred outside of the EU without having the acceptable level of protection right.
  • 17. C 1.2 LSEPI by adopting the new system Issue : Legal Issues Meaning : Law issues happened from the new system Example One : Security Breaches As “NutrarlyNow” system has been mostly related to the customers, there might be the risk of unauthorised access to the website by the black hat hackers in order to get the personal informations of the customers. Example Two : Breaking Intellectual Property or former company’s policy Since “Nutrarly” is the old company and this “NutrarlyNow” is the new company for Jules, the trademark between these two company should be considered properly. Jules has to make “NutrarlyNow” either as the daughter company of “Nutrarly” or as the separate new company. Otherwise, the trademark between these two will be confused and there will be the legal issues; breaking intellectual property of the trademark of “Nutrarly” company. Issue : Social Issues Meaning : Issues affect to the society because of the new system Example One : Unemployment This social issues happen not only because of the new system but also because of the internal problems between the Jules’s idea and the head of the IT. Jules thinks after the new system, the IT department will continuous to develop and look over the new system, however, he and his teams deny both the idea and the new system. If he continuous doing this, they will be unemployed from the company. Example Two : Lose Reputation Hence “NutrarlyNow” is the new B2C system, there can be the problem between the website and the internal staff like the different between the deliver data shown in the system and the real delivered date to the customer and the different between the quality shown in the system, and the real quality get to the customer. These facts can loss reputation of the company because of the new system.
  • 18. Word Count - 789 Issue : Ethical Issues Meaning : Moral philosophical issues that can happen from the system Example One : Unauthorised data transferred Since the data of the “NutrarlyNow” belongs to the company, no other company’s staff can use it as their personal used. However, if one in the company use them for their own profit, this is one of the moral/ ethical issues and the rules of DPA and the copyright been broken. Example Two : Unauthorised data access This issues can also called hacking. As this system is the IT system, the authority of the data is prohibited to each positions and having data access without the authority can be one of the ethical issues happened to the staff of the company. Issue : Professional Issues Meaning : Issues happened from making unprofessionally actions Example One : Disqualification This issue can mainly be happened to the IT department’s staff, who might not meet the quality to run the new system. Because of the new system, the required quality standard will be higher. Example Two : Lack of professional management Unlike B2B system, B2C system is more busy and a lot of places to produce, package and deliver. If the team leaders of these regions do not have the professional management skills, the company will make a lot of mistakes to the customers.
  • 19. C 2. Management Summary about BCS Code of Conduct C 2.1 Purpose of BCS Code of Conduct BCS Code of Conduct is neither the law nor code algorithm to develop the system. This is the guidelines of professional body created by BCS (British Computer Society). BCS Code of Conduct is used for better choice in the situation of grey ethical area, which people confuse to choose between the two parts to get the right way. So its purpose is to avoid the ethical issues while developing the computer system. There is the member fees to be members of BCS Code of Conduct and have to take exam for it. After examining, one will be certified to use the BCS Code of Conduct and follow to follow the Four Sections as follow - 1. The Public Interest 2. Duty To Relevant Authority 3. Duty To The Profession 4. Professional Competence and Integrity C 2.2 Professional Issues happened from considering BCS Code of Conduct The Public Interest Guideline : “5. Conduct professional activities without discrimination against clients or colleagues” “6. You Shall reject any offer of bribery or inducement.” Case : Since “Nutrarly” is the large company and now the owner and the CEO want to expend it to the B2C market, the competitors of the company would make the development process slow down by offing the bribery or inducement to the “Systemwork” system developer and the action of Head of IT is unacceptable from time to time by telling the negative words in the workshop meeting. Solution : As the “Systemwork” follows the BCS Code of Conduct the developer has to reject the offer from the competitors according to the guideline No.6. Also one of the professional activities is “conducting without discrimination against clients” the developer shall not be discriminated about the head of the IT and continuous according to the time box. What if the developer discriminated, there will be the internal conflict during each future workshop and it will lead no one for the good.
  • 20. Duty To Relevant Authority Guideline : “9. You shall not misrepresent or withhold information on the performance of products systems or services, or take advantage of the lack of relevant knowledge or inexperience of others” Case : One of the DSDM ways to present the situation of the system is prototyping. The “Systemwork” developer does not want to iterate the previous process to change some unimportant function got from the feedback. Normal developer would misrepresent the information by showing that it is changed in the next prototype, but not in the real system. Solution : As the member of the BCS Code of Conduct, the developer shall not “misrepresent the information on the performance of products systems or service”. Instead of that “Systemwork” developer have to iterate to the previous process and change some function according the feedback. Without following the BCS Code of Conduct, the action of the developers will be done unprofessionally. Duty To The Profession Guideline : “13. You shall notify the Society if convicted of a criminal offence or upon becoming bankrupt or disqualified as Company Director” Case : During the developing process, the partner of the “Systemwork” took away the fund of the company and thus the company is upon becoming to be bankrupt. Solution : Being the member of the BCS Code of Conduct, the “Systemwork” have to be notify the society about the situation of the company of becoming bankrupt. To the “NutrarlyNow” the “Systemwork” developer has to do according to the time box of DSDM and finish till to the end. Besides “Systemwork” have to write and sent about the company’s situation to its clients including “NutrarlyNow” company.
  • 21. Professional Competence and Integrity Guideline : “15. You shall not claim any level of competence that you do not possess. You shall only offer to do work or provide a service that is within your professional competence.” Case : “Systemwork” developer want to get impression from the its client “NutrarlyNow” company and thus think to say more than offer. Solution : As the follower of the guidelines of the BCS Code of Conduct to be the professional developers, the system developer “shall no be claim any level of competence that you do not possess”. Also the philosophy of the DSDM is “No more, No less, good enough”. So doing as the offer and say to the level of competence that the developer possesses. Word Count - 710 Summary In section, it is about the data controller and LSEPI and the BCS Code of Conduct. For the data controller in the first part, the principle reference from (VinciWorks Blog, 2017) and the second part, BCS Code of Conduct, it is referred from (Code of Conduct, 2019).
  • 22. Appendix Appendix A : Solutions of LSEPI Issues Solutions Legal Issues Example One : After the website is done, it should be tested by the ethical hackers in order to know the security and this process also should also be proceeded in the future. However, Jules Mayweather wants to take over the future cases with her Nutrarly’s IT departments, this issue has to be discuss again. Example Two : Jules has to choose about the trademark and thus the icon and the logo used for the “NutarlyNow” website will be free from the intellectual property. After choosing it, Jules, her teams and the “Systemworks” have to write about the former company’s policy and declare it on the new system. Social Issues Example One : Jules has to left the head of the IT and his team to the old company, “Nutrarly” and she has to employ the new IT staffs and recruits the new team for the new company. Example Two : To overcome this, the content shown in the website should be adjusted with the real life system; especially the food production teams and the delivery teams have to cooperate well. Ethical Issues Example One : The data controller should control the company’s data carefully according to DPA eight principles. To prevent the unauthorised data transferred, the policy of the company should include the fact about punishment for this case. Example Two : For this issues, the staffs have to be trained to get the good morality by doing seminar within the company and proactively add punishment facts to the company’s policy for those who tried to make unauthorised data access. Professional Issues Example One : Make the training about the new system and give courses to the existing staff to be more knowledgable and higher quality. Otherwise “NutrarlyNow” company have to recruit its IT department. Example Two : Each team leader must have the professional management skill, if not these position must be recruited with the experienced, skilled leaders, as they are in the higher positions, being making mistakes should be proactively avoided.
  • 23. Reference Business Consortium, A. (2019). Chapter 4: Principles. [online] Agilebusiness.org. Available at: https:// www.agilebusiness.org/page/ProjectFramework_04_Principles [Accessed 25 Nov. 2019]. VinciWorks Blog. (2017). The 8 Principles of Data Protection & GDPR - VinciWorks Blog. [online] Available at: https://vinciworks.com/blog/8-principles-data-protection-act-gdpr-guide/ [Accessed 27 Nov. 2019]. Code of Conduct, B. (2019). BCS, THE CHARTERED INSTITUTE FOR IT CODE OF CONDUCT FOR BCS MEMBERS. [online] Cdn.bcs.org. Available at: https://cdn.bcs.org/bcs-org-media/2211/bcs-code-of- conduct.pdf [Accessed 28 Nov. 2019].