Phi 445 Effective Communication / snaptutorial.com

PHI 445 Entire Course (2 Set of Papers, 2
Response for each DQ, Quiz – 3 Set)
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This Tutorial contains 3 Paper of Week 3 Assignment, Week 5
Assignment, 3 Set of Week 1,2 Quiz, 2 Response to each DQ
PHI 445 Week 1 Quiz (3 Sets)
PHI 445 Week 1 Discussion Utilitarianism, Deontology, and Virtue
Ethics Case Study: Starbucks
PHI 445 Week 2 Discussion Capitalism and Socialism Case Study:
Uber
PHI 445 Week 2 Quiz (3 Sets)
PHI 445 Week 3 Assignment Case Analysis (Factory Farming
:Perdue Farms)
PHI 445 Week 3 Assignment Case Analysis (Gender Discrimination:
Goodyear)
PHI 445 Week 3 Discussion Currrent Business Problems: Case
Studies: Lehman Brothers, British Petroleum, Monsanto, Merck,
Goodyear, Perdue Farms

PHI 445 Week 3 Assignment Case Analysis (GMOs: Monsanto)
PHI 445 Week 4 Discussion The Effects of Business on Consumers
and the Environment: Case Study Perdue Farms
PHI 445 Week 5 Final Project Argumentative Essay (GMOs:
Monsanto)
PHI 445 Week 5 Final Project Argumentative Essay (Factory
Farming :Perdue Farms)
PHI 445 Week 5 Final Project Argumentative Essay (Gender
Discrimination: Goodyear)
PHI 445 Week 5 Discussion Discrimination Laws: Advantages and
Disadvantages for both Employees and Business Case Study:
Abercrombie & Fitch
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PHI 445 Week 1 Discussion Utilitarianism,
Deontology, and Virtue Ethics Case Study:
Starbucks
PHI 445 Week 1 Discussion Utilitarianism, Deontology, and Virtue
Ethics: Case Study: Starbucks

Prepare: The initial post in this discussion must be informed by the
required material for this discussion. Your preparation should focus
on three classical ethical theories that are fundamental in any ethical
analysis: utilitarianism, deontology, and virtue ethics. Since the
subject of your examination is the Starbucks case, make sure to view
the relevant multimedia carefully with an eye toward the various
ethical problems that this company has had to confront.
Reflect: Keep in mind that although the notion of the moral good will
vary among ethical theories, they often produce the same or similar
results. So you should focus on the differences in (a) the intent and (b)
the consequences of the action under examination. In utilitarianism,
for example, the consequences of the action are weightier than the
intent. Accordingly, even if the intent was morally questionable, the
action is nonetheless morally good if it achieves good consequences
for most. The opposite would be the case if the action were being
examined from a deontological point of view. These reflections will
aid your selection of an ethical theory for your initial post, as well as
your critical examinations of the analysis from fellow students.
Write: Start your initial post by identifying two characteristics of
utilitarianism, two characteristics of virtue ethics, and two
characteristics of deontology. Organize this part of your post so that
it is clear which characteristics belong to which ethical theory. You
can do this by means of subtitles, or by presenting a table. You should
aim to write one complete and clear sentence for each characteristic
rather than just one or a few words.
Then, take the position that Starbucks is guided by utilitarianism and
analyze how the notion of the moral good in utilitarianism leads to a
unique approach to ethical problems. The way to do this is as
follows:
• First, present an ethical problem confronted by Starbucks. You can
choose one such ethical problem from the video.
· Then, apply the characteristics of utilitarianism that you
identified for this discussion in the attempt to solve this problem.

· After this, analyze how the notion of the moral good present in
utilitarianism, and the characteristics that you identified in
particular, shape the approach to solving this problem.
Revise: This is your chance to correct any oversights or errors in
your initial post, or show your improved understanding of the ethical
theories and their applications. Start by reading the feedback
provided by your professor to your initial post, either directly to you
or to your fellow students. Use this as an opportunity to learn from
your professor, especially with regard to the best ways to apply the
course material and your research to your analysis. On the basis of
what you have learned in this process, post an improved revision of
your initial post that applies the additional knowledge that you have
gained.
Remember that your grade depends on the quality of your initial and
revised responses, not just on the submission of an attempt at
improvement. It is thus to your advantage to post the best initial post
you can and then to also improve that best effort as much as you can
through revision. Taking this process seriously will help you develop
the skills you need to do well on the final project.
Requirements for Your Initial Post:
o Your initial post should be at least 400 words in length and have
citations and references in APA
notation. It should address the prompt in its entirety. This means that
you should not split your response to the prompt in multiple posts.
Your examination should be both thorough and succinct. This is a
combination that demands time and thought, so give yourself
sufficient time to draft and revise.
o Please be advised that until you post, you will not see what your
fellow students are posting. Once you submit your post, you will be
able to view the posts from your other classmates. You can then
proceed to reply to at least two different threads based on the
required material for this discussion on virtue ethics and deontology.

Your list of references for your initial post should include the video
and the other required material for this discussion, including Section
1.3 of the textbook on Starbucks, as well as the Instructor Guidance
and any other announcements presented to you by your professor.
Use all of the material presented to you in the course and by your
professor, in addition to any other sources that you consulted to
inform yourself about Starbucks (but not Wikipedia or similar
sources).
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PHI 445 Week 1 Quiz (3 Set)
PHI 445 Week 1 Quiz (3 Set) 1
1. Question : Which of these statements about moral values
is true?
2. Question : When a pharmaceutical company releases a
new drug with known side effects that will help more people than the
side effects will harm, this is an example of what type of ethics?

3. Question : Which of the following ethical frameworks
would support child labor if the consequences produced better
overall results than the available alternatives?
4. Question : Groups could not function well if members of
groups were completely free to make decisions for themselves about
what to do and how to act. Which of the following uses legal rules
and organizational rules to keep order in groups?
5. Question : Which of the following shifts the focus from
questions about what a person should do toward a focus on who a
personis?
6. Question : If Mr. Swanson, a college professor, says that
there is no such thing as right and wrong and treats questions
regarding what is good and evil as relative to an individual’s values
and culture, this is an example of the theory of
7. Question : The Federal Communications Commission
(FCC) regulates television and radio media to ensure they do not
broadcast vulgar language. This is an example of the principle of
8. Question : Janelle gives to charity because she enjoys the
gratitude and recognition from the people she helps. This is an
example of
9. Question : The main idea of utilitarianism is its focus on
10. Question : Which of the following statements is true about
divine command theory?
11. Question : Mrs. Takeda jumps into an icy river to save a
stranger. This is an example of
12. Question : Limiting free speech by the government would
be an example of the
13. Question : Which theory of ethics says that we should
make decisions that produce “the greatest good for the greatest
number”?

personis?
number”?
3. Question : Identify the theory that believes people act
only out of a self-interest.
4. Question : An example of an intrinsic value for an
employee would be

8. Question : Which of the following is an example of a
human right?
9. Question : The idea that character traits can contribute to
or take away from a happy and meaningful life describes
10. Question : Groups could not function well if members of
groups were completely free to make decisions for themselves about
what to do and how to act. Which of the following uses legal rules
and organizational rules to keep order in groups?
11. Question : According to philosopher John Locke, which
of the following statements about human rights is true?
13. Question : The idea that we are born with basic moral
principles that we use to judge people’s actions describes
__________ theory.
2. Question : Which of the following is an example of a
human right?

personis?
5. Question : Janelle gives to charity because she enjoys the
gratitude and recognition from the people she helps. This is an
example of
number”?
9. Question : The idea that we are born with basic moral
principles that we use to judge people’s actions describes
__________ theory.
10. Question : Which of the following is a legal right in the
United States?
11. Question : The idea that character traits can contribute to
or take away from a happy and meaningful life describes
12. Question : According to Immanuel Kant, there is
essentially one fundamental moral duty:
13. Question : According to philosopher John Locke, which
of the following statements about human rights is true?
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PHI 445 Week 2 Discussion Capitalism and
Socialism Case Study: Uber
PHI 445 Week 2 Discussion Capitalism and Socialism Case Study:
Uber
Prepare: Your initial post in this discussion must be informed by the
required material for this discussion. The required material for this
discussion will introduce you to what is new about Uber as a business
model, the profit incentive in business, and how laws can make or
break innovation in business. Your preparation should focus on the
characteristics of capitalism and socialism, as well as other business
concepts presented in the required material. Since your initial post in
this discussion will examine the relation between running a business
such as Uber and the laws and economic system of the nation(s) in
which it operates, make sure to comb the material on Uber for laws,
regulations, and the economic setting that affect its operations. You
are encouraged to research relevant laws and regulations to make
sure that you have current information. You will also need to review
the material on the three ethical theories employed in the Week One
Discussion as you will draw from that material for this week’s
discussion too.
Reflect: Keep in mind that Uber has presented itself into the market
not as a transportation service but as a service that pairs consumers
with ride sharing services by means of a unique phone app. But some
sources—including the taxi industry and one California court finding

(details in the required material), as well as the characterization of
Uber presented in Section 3.4 of the textbook—seem to challenge this
branding. According to these sources, Uber is avoiding laws that
apply to the transportation industry and, thereby, usurping a rightful
place that the taxi industry has carved for itself. Consumers, on the
other hand, have shown their preference for Uber by a high demand
for its services in the USA and abroad, including those countries in
which Uber has been banned. Compared to taxis, Uber offers
consumers an efficient system for procuring a ride even in remote
areas where taxis do not frequent, a convenient payment method (no
need for cash, and fares can be split among different users on the
same ride), and significantly cheaper fares compared to taxis. In
many instances, Uber cars come equipped with water, candy, and
magazines, all for free. Uber drivers are also better off because they
keep the majority of the fares for the rides that they service, which is
exactly the opposite case of taxi drivers, and they can choose when
they want to work. Clearly, this is a controversial case and thus very
apt for the examination for this discussion.
Keep in mind that a nation’s economic system is shaped by the laws
that are in place. Accordingly, laws (including state regulations and
local ordinances) will give you a clue for the kind of economic system
that exists.
Keep in mind also that most nations have mixed economies and there
is probably no economic system that purely represents socialism or
capitalism. So you will find a different combination of both socialism
and capitalism in any nation that you are examining.
Write: You have four tasks for your initial post. In order to present an
organized post, address each one of these tasks in a separate
paragraph and in the following order. Your first task is to articulate
the economic system (or combination of characteristics of both
socialism and capitalism) that such laws depict. Your second task is
to examine the laws that either support or limit the operations by
Uber. Your third task is to analyze how your findings from your first
and second tasks affect Uber. And your fourth task is to present your
moral position with regard to Uber. For this latter task, you will need

to identify one of the three ethical theories covered in the Week One
(utilitarianism, deontology, or virtue ethics) as support for the moral
position that you are taking. For example, you may hold the moral
position that Uber is morally justifiable because it provides a good
for consumers that fills in a gap that had not been met by the taxi
industry. Or you may take the position that Uber’s positioning in the
market is morally wrong.
Revise: Read the feedback provided by your professor to your initial
post, either directly to you or to your fellow students. Use this as an
opportunity to learn from your professor, especially with regard to
the best ways to apply the course material and your research to your
analysis. On the basis of what you have learned in this process, post
an improved revision of your initial post that applies the additional
knowledge that you have gained.
the skills you need to do well on the Final Project.
• Your initial post should be at least 400 words in length and have
citations and references in APA
**********************************************************************************

1. Question : In 2007, a defense contractor was found guilty
for working with a co-conspirator to submit bids with increased
prices for a bulletproof vest contract so that a particular company
would win the contract at a lower price. This is an example of
2. Question : In the late 1990s, Google, Yahoo, and MSN
purchased most of the existing search engines, such as Lycros and
Jeeves. Google now holds approximately a 90% share of the market.
This is an example of
3. Question : According to Karl Marx, history is the record
of
4. Question : Antitrust acts such as the Sherman Antitrust
Act of 1980 were passed to protect against
5. Question : The idea that consumers buy luxury items
without considering the hard labor that went into making them is part
of the viewpoint of

6. Question : _________ claimed that if businesses were
allowed to follow their own self-interest, the economy of the country
would improve.
7. Question : One feature of a corporation is that it can
continue indefinitely beyond the lives of individual managers and
stockholders of the corporation. This is called
8. Question : When a company’s leaders have the illusion of
invulnerability that causes them to underestimate factors that lead to
failure, this is an example of:
9. Question : States have the authority to grant corporate
charters, which give permission for corporations to exist. When a
state decides to revoke a corporation’s charter because of some
egregious crime, this is called corporate
10. Question : Which of the following is not a business
structure recognized by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service?
11. Question : According to economist Milton Friedman
12. Question : You are a shareholder in a corporation that
filed bankruptcy. The liabilities will be more than the assets. What
you will be required to pay will be based on

1. Question : According to Karl Marx, history is the record
of
2. Question : Which of the following statements is a
criticism of capitalism?
3. Question : In 2007, a defense contractor was found guilty
for working with a co-conspirator to submit bids with increased
prices for a bulletproof vest contract so that a particular company
would win the contract at a lower price. This is an example of
4. Question : In 2001, the government said it would sue to
stop the 4.3 billion dollar merger of American Airlines and U.S.
Airways that would create the world’s largest airline. The
government was concerned that the merger would create a(an)
____________ .
5. Question : One justification for government regulation of
commerce is to
6. Question : A few years ago, the Bolivian government
leased water rights in some of the country’s poor, drought-stricken
regions to private companies, including the U.S. engineering
company Bechtel. Shortly after Bechtel took control in one area,
water prices tripled, sparking protests. The privatization of water is
an example of
7. Question : In 2010, the group United Students Against
Sweatshops campaigned against the Fruit of the Loom Company
because the company had closed a Honduras plant because it
unionized. The result was 1,200 lost jobs. The student campaign cost
the company $50 million in lost contracts with U.S. and British
colleges. The company eventually reopened the factory and paid $2.5
million in compensation to the workers. This is an example of
consumer

8. Question : One feature of a corporation is that it can
continue indefinitely beyond the lives of individual managers and
stockholders of the corporation. This is called
10. Question : Which of the following statements is true about
strategic misrepresentation?
11. Question : The Triple Bottom Line approach measures
the success of sustainable businesses in terms of
12. Question : The idea that corporations can be moral
agents holds that
1. Question : The viewpoint that business should be
privately controlled and not controlled by the government is a
perspective of a ________ economy.
2. Question : After Superstorm Sandy hit New Jersey, some
businesses such as gasoline stations and car repair stores raised
prices to bring in windfall profits off desperate customers. This is an
example of price

3. Question : When competitors agree to maintain prices at
a certain level, this is called
4. Question : Welfare capitalism and _________ are more
modern versions of capitalism and socialism.
5. Question : One of the main ideas of The Communist
Manifesto is that the proletariat
6. Question : A few years ago, the Bolivian government
leased water rights in some of the country’s poor, drought-stricken
regions to private companies, including the U.S. engineering
company Bechtel. Shortly after Bechtel took control in one area,
water prices tripled, sparking protests. The privatization of water is
an example of
7. Question : Which of the following is not a business
structure recognized by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service?
8. Question : One of the main advantages of a corporation
is
9. Question : When a company pleads guilty to a crime and
the government orders it to publish an apology, that is an example of
11. Question : When two doctors decide to share office space
for their medical practices, they have formed a(an)
12. Question : Rehabilitation, retribution, and ________ are
reasons that society has for punishing individuals for crimes.
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PHI 445 Week 3 Assignment Case Analysis
(Factory Farming :Perdue Farms)
PHI 445 Week 3 Assignment Case Analysis: Case Studies: Lehman
Brothers, British Petroleum, Monsanto, Merck, Goodyear, Perdue
Farms
In the Week Three Discussion, you selected a current business
problem from the following case categories:
· Banking
· Fuel and the Environment
· GMOs
· Factory Farming
· Pharmaceuticals
· Gender Discrimination
In this written assignment, you will present your work on the case
analysis using selected components of an argumentative essay as
described in Sections 9.1 and 9.2 of With Good Reason: A Guide to
Critical Thinking , and an analysis of how your chosen ethical theory
offers the best moral solution to the business problem in your case
analysis.

Using the components of the argumentative essay located in Sections
9.1 and 9.2 of With Good Reason: A Guide to Critical Thinking iga y
Postigo (2015), your assignment should include the following:
d on the basis of your professor’s feedback and additional research.
In this introduction you will need to (a) identify the specific issue or
problem that you want to address and give an impartial presentation
of the controversy, (b) articulate briefly the characteristics of the
economic system that serves as the setting for the business, and (c)
examine the laws that affect the operations of the business. The
introduction should be one paragraph of around 200 words in length.
A thesis. Start a new paragraph with a precise and clear sentence in
The thesis you state here should be an improved version of the thesis
in your initial post in the discussion, revised on the basis of your
professor’s feedback and your reading of “The Argumentative Essay”
indicated above.
A thesis is only one sentence, so do not write a series of sentences, or
a complex sentence with explanatory clauses (e.g., “because...” or
“since...” or “according to Dr. Mary Expert, an economist with the
Bureau of Labor statistics...”, or “a law that was ratified with 80%
votes in favor...”). An example of a precise and clear thesis is this:
“Factory farms are not morally justifiable” or, of course, the
opposite point of view: “Factory farms are morally justifiable.” Keep
in mind that your thesis in this assignment will be the basis for the
argumentative essay of the Week Five written assignment, so take
your time when formulating this thesis.
Ethical theory. In the same second paragraph as the thesis statement,
identify the ethical theory that supports your moral position. You may
choose from utilitarianism, duty ethics, or virtue ethics. Present the
characteristics of the ethical theory in a broad sketch, and include
citations and references in APA form. Then, apply your chosen
ethical theory by explaining how it lends itself to the moral position
that you are defending.
Two premises. Present at least two reasons in support of your thesis
and these should be presented in the form of a claim. These are called

premises. Articulate each premise in one clear and
grammatically
In the rest of the paragraph, support your premise by presenting an
analysis of how the ethical theory lends itself to the best solution. This
analysis includes articulating the characteristics(s) of the economic
system at work that support the claims in your premises. It also
includes examining the effects of the law(s) at work that also support
the claims in your premises.
Comparative analysis. In the final paragraph, analyze how this
application lends itself to a solution that is superior to that offered by
one of the ethical theories that you did not select. To do this, provide
a clear statement describing the moral solution offered by this other
theory. For example, if you chose utilitarianism to apply to your case,
then you can choose from either virtue ethics or deontology for your
comparative analysis. Explain in no more than three sentences what
moral solution would result from the application of this other ethical
theory. See the “Sample Case Analysis” in the required reading for
an illustration of how this would look like. Finally, analyze the
strengths of the moral solution presented by your chosen ethical
theory in ways that demonstrate how it is superior to the moral
solution offered by the other ethical theory.
Once you receive your assignment back from your professor, start
working on revisions based on your professor’s feedback. This is the
first step in preparing your Final Project and the details are
presented on the Final Project’s prompt. You will benefit from
starting your Final Project as soon as you receive your assignment
back from your professor.
Requirements for Your Assignment:
· Your assignment should be 1000 words in length, excluding the
title page and reference page(s).
· Your examination should be both thorough and succinct. This is
a combination that demands time and

thought, so give yourself sufficient time to draft and revise.
· Your assignment should include citations, as well as a list of
references. Both must be in APA form.
· You should draw from the sources provided in your chosen
case category in the discussion this week.
· Also refer to Section 9.1: The Argumentative Essay and the
introduction to Section 9.2: Strengthening the ga y Postigo, G.
(2015).
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(Gender Discrimination: Goodyear)
Farms
· Banking
· GMOs

· Factory Farming
· Pharmaceuticals
analysis.
indicated above.

grammatically

· Also refer to Section 9.1: The Argumentative Essay and the
(2015).
**********************************************************************************
(GMOs: Monsanto)

Farms
· Banking
· GMOs
· Factory Farming
· Pharmaceuticals
analysis.

indicated above.
grammatically

Also refer to Section 9.1: The Argumentative Essay and the
(2015).
**********************************************************************************

PHI 445 Week 3 Discussion Currrent Business
Problems: Case Studies: Lehman Brothers,
British Petroleum, Monsanto, Merck,
This Tutorial contains 3 Responses
British Petroleum, Goodyear, Perdue Farms
PHI 445 Week 3 Discussion Currrent Business Problems: Case
Studies: Lehman Brothers, British Petroleum, Monsanto, Merck,
Prepare: In your first post in this discussion, you will identify and
apply one ethical theory of your choosing to a current problem in
business, also of your choosing. Start by reviewing your notes on the
Week One course material and your completed work for Week One.
Then, choose one of the three ethical theories—i.e., utilitarianism,
deontology, or virtue ethics—on the basis of your thoughtfully
considered preference in general and independent of the business
problem that you will select here. Keep in mind that you will employ
this ethical theory for supporting your position not only for this
discussion, but also for this week’s assignment and the Final Project.

To prepare for your selection of the current problem in business, look
at the list of required articles and multimedia which are divided in the
six case-categories as follows:
· Banking (Lehman Brothers)
· Environment (BP)
· GMOs (Monsanto)
· Pharmaceuticals (Merck)
· Gender Discrimination (Goodyear)
· Factory Farms (Perdue)
Choose the case-category that you find the most interesting and note
that each category also corresponds to one particular case. Please
choose carefully because your choice for this discussion will establish
the case that will be central to your argumentative essay this week as
well as your Final Project in Week Five. It is recommended that you
leaf through all the required resources indicated for the possible
case-categories that you identify as possible contenders before
making your final choice.
Reflect: Once you have selected your ethical theory and your case
category, articulate the characteristics of the economic system (or
combination of both systems) that serves as the setting for the case
presented in the case category sources. Given this context, examine
how the nation’s laws affect the operations of the business.
Next, identify the characteristics of your chosen ethical theory and its
notion of the moral good. For the latter, you will need to review
again the PowerPoint that was introduced in Week One, which is also
listed in this week’s Required Resources and it is titled The Moral
Good in Three Traditional Ethical Theories. Then, think how you
would apply the ethical theory to the specific problem presented in
the case category sources.

Write: Start your post by (a) identifying the issue or problem that you
want to address in the case that you have selected and providing an
impartial presentation of the controversy, (b) articulating briefly the
characteristics of the economic system that serves as the setting, and
(c) examining the laws that affect the operations of the business.
The following illustration should help. Consider, for example, the
case of Uber that we examined in Week Two. If the California
decision establishes a precedent for similar claims, then Uber would
have to do business as an employer and not merely as a service that
pairs consumers with ride sharing services by means of a unique
phone app. Accordingly, the law would require Uber to reimburse its
drivers for certain costs and perhaps offer benefits. Take in
consideration, then, the legal setting for the case that you have
chosen. Does the case take place in the United States or another
country? What are the laws that are relevant to the problem under
examination? Keep in mind that all laws are constraints on our
actions, whether those by individuals or corporations. The relevant
laws, then, will be (a) any laws that present not only a constraint on
the company’s operations, (b) any laws that are being violated by the
corporation, or (c) any laws that unfairly limit the goods and services
that can be offered to and are demanded by consumers.
In a second paragraph, formulate a sentence that presents the moral
position that you want to defend in regard to the issue or problem
introduced in the previous paragraph.
In the same paragraph, present the ethical theory that you choose to
employ. Your choices are utilitarianism, deontology, and virtue
ethics, and the necessary material is included in the required
readings and media. Make sure to identify the characteristics of the
ethical theory, and include in-text citations and full references in APA
form at the end of the post. Once you have done this, apply the ethical
theory to your selected case by explaining how it lends itself to the
moral position that you are defending.
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PHI 445 Week 4 Discussion The Effects of
Business on Consumers and the Environment:
Case Study Perdue Farms
PHI 445 Week 4 Discussion The Effects of Business on Consumers
and the Environment: Case Study: Perdue Farms
Prepare: In preparation for your first post in this discussion, you will
become familiar with the case of Perdue Farms by means of the
material listed under Required Resources (Generally). You will also
find more material under Required Resources (Per Subject Heading)
because the specific task for this discussion is to examine this case
with an eye for any one of the following four subject headings in
business ethics: (1) the environment, (2) advertising, (3) consumer
safety and (4) moral responsibility. You must select one of these
subject headings and your selection will be the specific focus of your
work for your discussion. Accordingly, you will be responsible to
complete the readings and videos listed under your chosen subject
heading.
Reflect: If you choose the environment subject heading, reflect on the
sheer density of chickens raised at any given time in the Perdue
facilities. The disposal of their discarded remains and their
processing for distribution, either individually and most definitely
together, pose a number of environmental concerns.
If you choose the advertising subject heading, reflect on how the two
videos on Perdue farms present the sharp contrast between the way

the company presents its product and the way in which it has been
discovered to run its chicken farms. Consider whether this is an
example of failure to provide truth in advertising and how you would
support such a stance.
If you choose the consumer safety subject heading, reflect on the way
in which chickens raised in factory farms risks consumer safety.
These might include (a) bacterial contamination, (b) the effects of
antibiotics on the meat that is consumed, or (c) the release of
adrenaline, cortisone, and other chemicals resulting from the acute
stress endured by factory farm animals, which then becomes part of
the meat that is later consumed by humans.
If you choose the moral responsibility heading, reflect on the
stewardship role that may fall upon humans toward non-human
animals. Can we utilize them as mere means to an end (for
entertainment, companionship, or food)? Or do we have special
obligations toward them (e.g., not to mistreat or torture them and to
slaughter them quickly and without stress) because they are sentient
beings?
Once you have completed the indicated readings and videos, reflect
on the ethical theories that we have covered in the discussions thus
far and identify one that you want to apply for your analysis in your
discussion post.
Also, reflect on the regulations (or lack thereof) in the factory
farming industry in order to be able to examine how our nation’s
laws affect the operations of the business. You will need to research
the applicable laws on the factory farming industry.
Finally, since Perdue Farms is an American corporation, reflect on
the mixed economic system in the United States in order to articulate
the setting for the operations of factory farming, and then, be able to
analyze the ethical actions of Perdue given this setting.
Write: In the first part of your initial post, you will need to introduce
the Perdue case within the particular subject heading that you have
chosen. In this introduction, you will also need to (1) articulate the

relevant characteristics of our mixed economic system and (2)
present the regulations for the factory farming industry. These will
provide the setting for you to be able to examine how the nation’s
laws affect its operations.
In the second part of your initial post, present your analysis of the
problem in a way that identifies which entities (Perdue as a
corporation, the economic system in the USA, the regulatory control
of the state, or all of these) have a role in the problem that you have
presented. In your analysis, you must assess the negative effects of the
interplay between business activity and one of the following: the
environment, advertising, consumer safety, or corporate social
responsibility. Your focus must be an ethical analysis of this
interplay, and it must be well supported by reliable and/or scholarly
sources by clearly identifying the ethical theory that you are applying
in your analysis.
the skills you need to do well on the Final Project.
· Your initial post should be at least 400 words in length and
have citations and references in APA

· Please be advised that until you post, you will not see what
your fellow students are posting. Once you submit your post, you will
be able to view the posts from your other classmates. You can then
required material for this discussion.
· Your list of references for your initial post should include the
videos and the other required reading material for this discussion, the
Instructor Guidance, and any other announcements presented to you
by your professor. List all the course material that informed your
work in the list of references and cite these too where appropriate. In
addition, your references should include any other sources that you
consult to inform yourself (but not Wikipedia or similar sources).
· Your initial post for this discussion should be submitted no
later than the end of Thursday (11:59 pm, U.S. Mountain time).
**********************************************************************************
PHI 445 Week 5 Discussion Discrimination
Laws: Advantages and Disadvantages for both
Employees and Business Case Study:
Abercrombie & Fitch

PHI 445 Week 5 Discussion Discrimination Laws: Advantages and
Disadvantages for both Employees and Business Case Study:
Abercrombie & Fitch
Prepare: In your first post in this discussion, you will become
familiar with the case of Abercrombie & Fitch by means of the
relevant material in the Required Resources this week. There is also a
specific media feature located at the end of Section 5.3 of the textbook
titled Workplace Discrimination: Abercrombie & Fitch. In order to
be prepared for this task, you will need to complete the required
readings and media listed.
Reflect: There are two sides to consider in the Abercrombie & Fitch
case. On the one hand, we have the job candidate’s side. She went to
the job interview wearing a hijab. The interviewer did not remark on
the hijab, and the candidate also did not volunteer that her religious
beliefs required her to wear a hijab. She was subsequently not hired
based on the perception that her appearance was incongruous with
the company’s look policy. For example, caps are not permitted and
the male sales associates (referred to as “models” in the company’s
corporate language) are often shirtless and in sweatpants in order to
create the mood at the stores for the aesthetic for which Abercrombie
& Fitch has become known: young, preppy, and hormonally charged.
When she was notified that she was not hired for the position, she
filed a complaint with the Equal Employment Opportunity
Commission that, in turn, filed a lawsuit on her behalf alleging a
violation of Title VII.
On the other hand, we have Abercrombie & Fitch’s side. As a
company doing business in the United States, Abercrombie & Fitch is
legally permitted to hire those employees who fit its look policy. This
is no different from the look requirements for the Dallas Cowboys
Cheerleaders, the Chicago Bulls, the New York City Ballet company,
or for jockeys hired by thoroughbred owners to race them at the
Kentucky Derby. In all of these cases, there are height, size, and other
look requirements for employment that are justified by the particular

demands and aesthetics of the position. She was found to be qualified
for the job but her dress was clearly in conflict with Abercrombie &
Fitch’s look policy. Yet, the job applicant knowingly sought
employment at this retailer.
According to the law, should a special accommodation be required
due to a religious practice, then Title VII dictates that the look
requirements give way to the religious requirement in order not to be
considered an act of religious discrimination.
The EEOC prevailed in the District Court, but this judgment was
reversed by the Tenth Circuit on the ground that failure-to-
accommodate liability only attaches when a job candidate provides
the potential employer with knowledge of the need for an
accommodation due to religious practice. Once it reached the
Supreme Court, the decision was made in favor of the job candidate.
According to Justice Scalia,
Title VII does not demand mere neutrality with regard to religious
practices—that they be treated no worse than other practices. Rather,
it gives them favored treatment, affirmatively obligating employers
not “to fail or refuse to hire or discharge any individual . . . because
of such individual’s” “religious observance and practice.” An
employer is surely entitled to have, for example, a no headwear
policy as an ordinary matter. But when an applicant requires an
accommodation as an “aspec[t] of religious . . . practice,” it is no
response that the subsequent “fail[ure] . . . to hire” was due to an
otherwise-neutral policy. Title VII requires otherwise-neutral policies
to give way to the need for an accommodation.
The only dissenting opinion was that of Justice Thomas who wrote:
Mere application of a neutral policy cannot constitute “intentional
discrimination.”...I would hold that Abercrombie’s conduct did not
constitute “intentional discrimination.” Abercrombie refused to
create an exception to its neutral Look Policy for Samantha Elauf ’s
religious practice of wearing a headscarf... In doing so, it did not
treat religious practices less favorably than similar secular practices,
but instead remained neutral with regard to religious

practices...Resisting this straightforward application of §1981a, the
majority expands the meaning of “intentional discrimination” to
include a refusal to give a religious applicant “favored
treatment.”...But contrary to the majority’s assumption, this novel
theory of discrimination is not commanded by the relevant statutory
text.
Write: In the first part of your initial post, you will need to introduce
the Abercrombie & Fitch lawsuit. In this introduction, you will also
need to (1) articulate the freedoms that companies in the United
States enjoy given our relatively-free market system and (2) present
the Title VII regulations concerning employment discrimination.
These will provide the setting for you to be able to examine how the
nation’s laws affect the hiring practices of Abercrombie & Fitch and
other companies whose hiring policy includes a particular aesthetic
for employees.
In the second part of your initial post, present your analysis of this
case in a way that identifies which entities (Abercrombie & Fitch as a
corporation, the economic system in the USA, the regulatory control
of the state, or all of these) have a role in the problem that led to the
lawsuit under examination. In your analysis, you must assess the
positive or negative effects of the interplay between business activity
and one of the following: the free- market system, advertising, hiring
regulations, or corporate social responsibility. Your focus must be an
ethical analysis of this interplay. Be sure to clearly identify the ethical
theory that you are applying in your analysis, and to support your
analysis by reliable and/or scholarly sources.

through revision.
· Your initial post should be at least 350 words in length and
have citations and references in APA
· Please be advised that until you post, you will not see what
your fellow students are posting. Once you submit your post, you will
be able to view the posts from your other classmates. You can then
required material for this discussion.
· Your list of references for your initial post should include not
only the video and the other required material for this discussion, as
well as the Instructor Guidance and any other announcements
presented to you by your professor. Use all of the material presented
to you in the course and by your professor, in addition to any other
sources that you consulted to inform yourself about this case (but not
Wikipedia or similar sources).
· Your initial post for this discussion should be submitted no
later than the end of Thursday (11:59 pm, U.S. Mountain time).
**********************************************************************************

PHI 445 Week 5 Final Project Argumentative
Essay (Factory Farming :Perdue Farms)
In the Week Three Assignment, you engaged in a case analysis of a
current business problem using some of the components of an
argumentative essay. In this written assignment, you will write a
complete argumentative essay as described in Sections 9.1 and 9.2
of arks. In order to benefit the most, you should start working on your
Final Project from the time you receive your Week Three Assignment
back with comments from your professor.
Your assignment should include the following:
A revision of your Week Three Case Analysis Assignment. Your
revision should represent a substantial edit of your work that fully
incorporates feedback from your professor and goes well beyond
correcting any grammatical or APA errors.
The strongest possible objection to your thesis. After the final
paragraph of your Week Three Case Analysis Assignment, start a new
paragraph that introduces the strongest possible objection to your
thesis. The considerations for this are detailed in Section 9.2 of With
Good Reason: A Guide to Critical Thinking o introduce the objection,
such as “some may object to my thesis as follows” or “according to
[so and so] the thesis presented here fails to account for X”
[whatever he or she finds problematic]. You can find other language
to do this, of course, but the key point here is to make sure that you
indicate that someone else is speaking when presenting this objection.

It is also important to remember that you do research to discover
good objections and not merely objections that are weak and thus
easily rebutted. Look for peer-reviewed journal articles in the
Ashford University Library, full- text articles in Google Scholar, or
articles in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Present the
opposing position fairly and in detail. This may take more than one
paragraph.
A rebuttal. This is a refutation of the objection that you have just
presented. Start this in a new paragraph following the objection
paragraph(s). Once again, follow the indications of Section 9.2
of With Good Reason: A Guide to Critical Thinking n error in the
objection. Or you may show that, while it is an important objection, it
does not apply squarely to your argument, or does not account for
facts that make it irrelevant. Above all, make sure to maintain
philosophical decorum in your rebuttal. Toward this end, you should
apply the principles of charity and of accuracy, first introduced in the
Week One course material. See “Confronting Disagreement” in
Section 9.4 ofWith Good Reason: A Guide to Critical Thinking a y
Postigo, 2015).
Closing remarks. End your argumentative essay with a paragraph of
closing remarks. Provide some reflections of what you have attempted
to achieve by means of your essay. You could, for example, explain
how your essay sheds light on the broader controversy that it
addresses. Or you could point out how your essay addresses a
frequently ignored point or the unpopular side in the controversy.
You could also reflect on the related matters in the broader
controversy that would be useful to examine by others. Do not merely
summarize what you have done in the body of your essay, and do not
add new information here that would support or contradict your
essay since the body of your essay should have addressed all the
relevant points. See “Closing Your Essay” in Section 9.2 of With
Good Reason: A Guide to Critical Thinking
Requirements for your Assignment:

· Your assignment should be between 1500 to 1700 words in
length, excluding the cover and references
pages.
· Your references should include at least four peer-reviewed
articles in addition to those that you will
be carrying over from our Week Three Case Analysis
Assignment. These references should be drawn
from the Ashford University Library, Google Scholar, or the Stanford
Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
· Your assignment should be submitted no later than the end of
Monday (midnight, U.S. Mountain
time).
**********************************************************************************
Essay (Gender Discrimination: Goodyear)

paragraph.

Postigo, 2015).
pages.

time).
**********************************************************************************
Essay (GMOs: Monsanto)

paragraph.
Postigo, 2015).

pages.

time).
**********************************************************************************

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