08HumanPhysCentralNervousSystem.ppt
- 1. Human Physiology The Central Nervous System ▪ Thing to be covered ▸Anatomy of the CNS ▸The Spinal Cord ▸The Brain
- 2. Human Physiology The Central Nervous System ▪ Anatomy of the CNS ▸The Skull or Cranium (for brain) ▸The Vetebral Column (for spinal cord) ▸Meninges – Dura mater (outermost layer)
- 3. Human Physiology The Central Nervous System ▪ Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) ▸Cranial vault - 1.4L; cells - 1.0L; blood - 0.1- 0.15L; CSF - 0.2-0.3L ▸Colorless, salty solution ▸Continuously secreted from specialized cells (ependymal cells) in the choroid plexus in ventricles ▸Ependyma actively transport Na+ and solutes into ventricles
- 4. Human Physiology The Central Nervous System ▪ Path of CerebroSpinal Fluid
- 5. Human Physiology The Central Nervous System ▪ Three-dimensional view of the ventricles of the Brain
- 6. Human Physiology The Central Nervous System ▪ The Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) ▸Function - protection ▸Brain capillaries much less permeable than others ▸Protects the brain from blood composition fluctuations ▸Can transport nutrients into the ISF ▸Exceptions - posterior pituitary and vomiting center
- 7. Human Physiology The Central Nervous System ▪ Divisions of the CNS ▸Gray matter ▸Nuclei ▸White matter ▸Tracts - ascending and descending ▸Spinal cord – Dorsal root (afferent, sensory) – Ventral root (efferent, motor)
- 8. Human Physiology The Central Nervous System
- 9. Human Physiology The Central Nervous System ▪ Organization of the grey matter of the spinal cord Major ascending and descending pathways of the spinal cord
- 10. Human Physiology The Central Nervous System ▪ The Brain ▸Cerebrum ▸Brain stem ▸Cerebellum ▸Forebrain - cerebrum and diencephalon ▸Brain stem - midbrain, pons, medulla
- 11. Human Physiology The Central Nervous System ▪ The Brain Stem ▸Contains the third and fourth ventricles ▸9 cranial nerves emerge (know tables 9-1 & 2 ) ▸Medulla oblongata contains vital centers ▸Pyramids ▸Midbrain or mesencephalon controls eye and ear functions
- 12. Human Physiology The Central Nervous System ▪ The Cranial Nerves (Know Table 9-1) ▸I Olfactory ▸II Optic ▸III Oculomotor ▸IV Trochlear ▸V Trigeminal ▸VI Abducens
- 13. Human Physiology The Central Nervous System ▪ The Cerebellum ▸Process sensory information ▸Coordinates muscle activity ▸Involves cordinating balance and equilibrium ▪ The Diencephalon ▸Composed of thalamus and the hypothalamus ▸Also contains the pineal gland
- 14. Human Physiology The Central Nervous System ▪ The Cerebrum: Lobes and Fissures of the Cerebral Hemispheres: Lateral Left
- 15. Human Physiology The Central Nervous System ▪ The Cerebrum: Lobes and Fissures of the Cerebral Hemispheres: Medial surface Lobes: 1. Frontal 2. Parietal 3. Occipital
- 16. Human Physiology The Central Nervous System ▪ Major Regions of the Cerebral Hemipheres
- 17. Human Physiology The Central Nervous System ▪ Functional Area of the Cerebrum
- 18. Human Physiology The Central Nervous System ▪ Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cerebrum
- 19. Human Physiology The Central Nervous System