Design and implementation of airline flight information system

DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF AIRLINE FLIGHT
INFORMATION SYSTEM
(A CASE STUDY OF AIR NIGERIA, LAGOS STATE.)
BY
AGIANAKU IKPEMINOGHENA
CST/2008/239
A PROJECT PRESENTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER
SCIENCE AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
FACULTY OF NATURAL SCIENCE, CARITAS UNIVERSITY
AMORJI-NIKE, ENUGU STATE
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE
AWORD OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (B.Sc.) DEGREE IN
COMPUTER SCIENCE AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
AUGUST 2012.

APPROVAL
I hereby certify that this research work has met the
requirement for the award of Bachelor of Science degree in
Computer Science and Information Technology.
------------------------------ -----------------------
PROJECT SUPERVISOR DATE
MRS. CHIZOBA EZEME
------------------------------ ------------------------
HEAD OF DEPARTMENT DATE
Dr. ARINZE NWAEZE
------------------------------- -------------------------
EXTERNAL EXAMINER DATE
DR. B.O.N. OKECHUKWU

DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to God Almighty and my parent Mr.
& Mrs. C.S Agianaku who financed this work and also my
siblings for empowering me towards the completion of this
project.

ACKNOWLEDTEMENT
In the course of writing this book, I benefited immensely
from the assistance and encouragement of many people. My
able supervisor Mrs. ChizobaEzeme and my colleagues who
were constant sources of encouragement. I say a big thank
you to you all.
.

ABSTRACT
This project was out of the necessity to address the inherent
problems encountered by members of staff of Air Nigeria and
their customers. The manual processes involved in the
management of airline were critical examined and the flows
noted. The software so designed offers to a great extent, the
solutions to these problems. The project went further to ret
the different techniques used in implementing the newly
design software in order to facilitate a broader understanding
of the design software by any user. Airline flight information
system are used to track and maintain records of flight
schedules, passenger reservations and seat assignments,
aircraft loading, flight inventory, ticket purchases and fare
tariffs. The modern airline reservation system also serves
customer needs from beginning to end of each customer's
reserved flight, therefore laying out management tasks for
each flight.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
i. Certification- - - - - - - - -i
ii. Dedication-- - - - - - - - -ii
iii. Acknowledgement - - - - - - iv
iv. Abstract - - - - - - - -v
v. Table of contents - - - - - - vi
CHAPTER ONE; INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of study - - - - - - -3
1.2 Statement of the problem - - - - - -5
1.3 Purpose of study - - - - - - - -6
1.4 Limitations - - - - - - - - -7
1.5 Aims and objective - - - - - - - -7
1.6 Significant - - - - - - - - -9
1.7 Scope of delimitations - - - - - - 10
1.8 Assumptions - - - - - - - - 10
1.9 Definition of terms - - - - - - - 11

CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW - - - - - 13
CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY AND SYSTEM ANALYSIS OF THE
EXISTING SYSTEM
3.1 Fact finding methods used - - - - - 25
3.2 Organization structure - - - - - - 26
3.3 Objective of the existing system - - - - 27
3.4 Input, process, output analysis - - - - - 28
3.5 Information flow diagram- - - - - - 23
3.6 Problem of the existing system - - - - - 24
3.7 Justification for the new system - - - - 24
CHAPTER FOUR
4.1 SYSTEM DESIGN, TESTING, & IMPLEMENTATION -25
4.2 Output specification and Design - - - 25
4.3 Input specification and Design - - - - 25

4.4 File design - - - - - - - 27
4.5 Procedure chart - - - - - - 29
4.6 System flow chart - - - - - - 30
4.7 System requirement - - - - - 31
4.8 Program design - - - - - - 32
4.9 Program flowchart - - - - - - 33
4.10 Pseudo code - - - - - - - 38
4.11 Source program - - - - - - 38
4.12 Test program - - - - - - - 38
4.13 Documentation - - - - - - 38
CHAPTER FIVE
Summary - - - - - - - - 41
Recommendation- - - - - - - 42
Conclusions - - - - - - - 42
References - - - - - - - - 43

Appendix i - - - - - - - - 45
Appendix ii - - - - - - - - 46
Appendix iii- - - - - - - - 47
Appendix iv- - - - - - - - 48
Appendix v - - - - - - - - 49

CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
It is obvious that everything that is sustainable would have to go
through advancement. In science and technology, the desire for
improvement is a constant subject which triggers advancements. This
is visible in every ramification and the airline industry is not an
exemption.
Airline flight information system (ARS) used to be standalone
systems. Each airline had its own system, disconnected from other
airlines or ticket agents, and usable only by a designated number of
airline employees. Travel agents in the 1970s pushed for access to
the airlines' systems. Today, air travel information is linked, stored,
and retrieved by a network of Computer Reservations Systems (CRS),
accessible by multiple airlines and travel agents. The global
distribution system (GDS) makes for an even larger web of airline
information, not only merging the buying and selling of tickets for

multiple airlines, but also making the systems accessible to
consumers directly. GDS portals and gateways on the Web allow
consumers to purchase tickets directly, select seats, and even book
hotels and rental cars.(Winston, Clifford 1995).
Aviation jobs are known for hitech. Many of the aviation jobs are
made available by the airline operators and airport authorities.
Aviation jobs are one of the few Nigerian jobs that pay like their
foreign counterparts. With the recent aviation security measures,
aviation recruitments are done very carefully. Airline operators are
now serious in their screening processes than before. This is
because, any kind of misconduct or insecurity may lead to their
license withdrawal. Most graduates are hired through internships
which are normally advertised on this site. These are still very
competitive since many applicants rush for

them whenever available. Graduates also get lucky to be hired
through „Hosts‟ recruitments i.e. when airline operators want to hire
staff that will be serving inside the airplane.
1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY
Air Nigeria (formerly Nigerian Eagle Airlines and Virgin Nigeria
Airways), is the national flag carrier of Nigeria. The airline operates
scheduled regional and domestic passenger services. Its base is
Murtala Mohammed International Airport, Lagos. The airline is a
replacement for defunct Nigeria Airways. Its registered office is in Ikoyi,
Lagos State, while its head office is on the 9th floor of Etiebets Place in
Ikeja, Lagos State.
The carrier's loyalty programme is named 'Eagleflier'. On 28
September 2004, the Nigerian government and Virgin Group signed an
agreement to establish a new airline for Nigeria, to be called Virgin
Nigeria Airways. Nigerian institutional investors own 51% of the
company and Virgin Atlantic Airways owns 49%. The airline's

inaugural flight was on 28 June 2005 from Lagos to London Heathrow
using an Airbus A340-300 aircraft. Virgin Nigeria has since gone on to
become one of Nigeria's largest airlines carrying its 1,000,000th
passenger and 4,000th ton of airline within two years of operation.
The airline has also received accolades including THISDAY Awards
2006 Airline of the year and a nomination for 2006 African Airline of
the year by ASATA (Association of South African Travel Agents).[3]
Virgin Nigeria had plans of making Nnamdi Azikiwe International Airport in
Abuja its second base where in addition to its Lagos base Murtala
Mohammed International Airport it will serve all countries in West Africa.
The Nigerian government set a deadline of 30 April 2007 for all
airlines operating in the country to re-capitalise or be grounded, in an
effort to ensure better services and safety. The airline satisfied the
Nigerian Civil Aviation Authority (NCAA)‟s criteria in terms of re-
capitalization and was re-registered for operation

Aviation jobs in Nigeria are definitely scarce. They are seen as high
qualification and technical jobs. Many of the aviation jobs are for
captains, air hosts/hostesses, aviation maintenance engineers,
aviation security guards, traffic and movement controllers etc.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The management of Airline in Nigeria has over the years attracted
poor patronage as a result of errors inherent in the system. It is no
longer a new thing that loss of customers‟ goods is now the order of
the day, the reasons are not far-fetched. Due to this manual
procedure involved in Airline management, clients have no other
option than to be at the mercy of these error prone procedures.
The method of information storage in the company is poor. This
limits the number of official documents accessible by the customers
because the system is not capable of managing old items of
information which could be of use to be customer of anytime.

There is little or no security control system where the customers‟
goods, document and classified information of the customer could be
safe guarded from unauthorized access.
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
This project is aimed at exposing the relevance and importance of
Airline flight information system (AFIS). It is projected towards
enhancing the relationship between customers and airline agencies
through the use of ARSs, thereby easing the flight ticketing and
selling process and all air traveling operations. .
1.4 LIMITATIONS
The project work is limited to ONLINE AIRLINE RESERVATION
PORTAL FOR TRAVELING SERVICES PROVIDER. In the process of
carrying out this research work, some factors tried to hinder the free
flow of work. These factors include
 Time:Time factors in the sense that the semester was short
and as a result combing this work with studies was tedious.

 Finance: Finances were rather on the lean side and as a
result it affected the carrying out the research in that monetary
commitment was needed for going to the case study,
photocopying document, browsing etc.
1.5 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
The Airline Reservation System (ARS) is a software application
to assist an airline with transactions related to making ticket
reservations, which includes blocking, reserving, cancelling and
rescheduling tickets.
1. Minimize repetitive work done by the system administrator and
reservation clerks.
2. Maintain consistency among different access modes, e.g. by
phone, by web, at the information desk and across different
physical locations. The users should be basically taken through
the same steps by the system as they go through in
conventional desk-reservation systems.

3. Maintain customer information in case of emergency, e.g. flight
cancellation due to inclement weather. The profile can also be
used by the airline company to track user preferences and
travel patterns to serve them better, plan routes, for better
marketing and efficient scheduling of flights.
4. Maximize the revenue of the airline company by various means:
5. Increase awareness among frequent travelers about various
special offers and discounts.
6. Minimize the number of vacant seats on a flight and maximize
flight capacity utilization.
7. Maintain the capability to adopt a flexible pricing policy. The
price of the tickets should be dynamically determined based on
how early, before the date of departure, the customer buys the
ticket.
1.6 SIGNIFICANT OF STUDY
The significant of Airline management system is the computerization
of the activities of the organization. It helps to facilitate the dairy

operation of the organization. The economy of the organization is
affected positively because of the computerization of their operation.
The findings of this research will also help the management to
increase the income generation and smooth running of the everyday
activities.
This presentation will be beneficial to all those who make use of
Airline flight information system (ARSs), flight operators, air traveling
operators, travel agents and airline agencies.
In addition, it will assist all those in computer-related disciplines who
may want to appreciate the system and also those doing research on
similar topic.
1.7 SCOPE OF DELIMITATIONS
This study is restricted to the full operations of Air Nigeria Company
with respect to ONLINE AIRLINE RESERVATION PORTAL FOR
TRAVELING SERVICES PROVIDER.

1.8 ASSUMPTIONS
It is assumed that the new system will do the following:
a. the new system will create room for the client to know all the
necessary facts about their operation.
b. The new system will create an avenue where by the
measurement and Gross weight of the airline will be known and
the commensurate fees to be paid.
C. The new system will also make all the on-line operations
carried out in airline management in Air Nigeria an easy task for
official and staff of the establishment.
1.9 DEFINITION OF TERMS
1. Administration: is an aspect of running the organization by
devising systems which will run smoothly.
2. Client: This any process that request specific services from
server processes.

3. Computer: This is an electrons machine that can accept;
handle and manipulate data by performing arithmetic
and logic operations without human intervention
usually under the control of programmes.
4. Data: This is for runner of information. It is unprocessed fact.
5. Database is a collection of information that is related to a
particular subject or purpose.
6. Hardware: This is the electromechanical part of computer
system.
7. Information: This is data that have been processed,
interpreted and understood by the recipient of the message or
report.
8. Internet is a collection of computer networks that operate to
common standards and enable the computes and the program
they run to communicate directly.
9. Server: This is a process that provides requested services for
clients.

CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
The history of airline reservations systems began in the late 1950s
when American Airlines required a system that would allow real-time
access to flight details in all of its offices, and the integration and
automation of its booking and ticketing processes. As a result, Sabre
(Semi-Automated Business Research Environment) was developed
and launched in 1964. Sabre's breakthrough was its ability to keep
inventory correct in real time, accessible to agents around the world.
Prior to this, manual systems required centralized reservation
centres, groups of people in a room with the physical cards that
represented inventory, in this case, seats on airplanes.
The deregulation of the airline industry, in the Airline Deregulation Act,
meant that airlines, which had previously operated under
government-set fares ensuring airlines at least broke even, now
needed to improve efficiency to compete in a free market. In this

deregulated environment the ARS and its descendants became vital
to the travel industry. In the early days of American commercial aviation,
passengers were relatively few, and each airline's routes and fares
were tightly regulated by the Civil Aeronautics Board. These were
published in a volume entitled The Official Airline Guide, from which
travel agents or consumers could construct an itinerary, then call or
telex airline staff, which would mark the reservation on a card and file
it. As demand for air travel increased and schedules grew more
complex, this process became impractical. This system was used in
the hospitality branch.
In 1946, American Airlines installed the first automated booking system,
the experimental electromechanical Reservisor. A newer machine with
temporary storage based on a magnetic drum, the Magnetronic
Reservisor, soon followed. This system proved successful, and was
soon being used by several airlines, as well as Sheraton Hotels and
Goodyear for inventory control. It was seriously hampered by the need
for local human operators to do the actual lookups; ticketing agents

would have to call a booking office, whose operators would direct a
small team operating the Reservisor and then read the results over
the telephone. There was no way for agents to directly query the
system.
In 1953, Trans-Canada Airlines (TCA) started investigating a computer-
based system with remote terminals, testing one design on the
University of Toronto's Manchester Mark 1 machine that summer. Though
successful, the researchers found that input and output was a major
problem. Ferranti Canada became involved in the project and
suggested a new system using punched cards and a transistorized
computer in place of the unreliable tube-based Mark I. The resulting
system, ReserVec, started operation in 1962, and took over all booking
operations in January 1963. Terminals were placed in all of TCA's
ticketing offices, allowing all queries and bookings to complete in
about one second with no remote operators needed.

In 1953, American Airlines CEO C. R. Smith chanced to sit next to R.
Blair Smith, a senior IBM sales representative, on a flight from Los
Angeles to New York. C.R. invited Blair to visit their Reservisor
system and look for ways that IBM could improve the system. Blair
alerted Thomas Watson Jr. that American was interested in a major
collaboration, and a series of low-level studies started. Their idea of
an automated Airline Reservation System (ARS) resulted in a 1959
venture known as the Semi-Automatic Business Research Environment
(SABRE), launched the following year.[1]
By the time the network was
completed in December 1964, it was the largest civil data processing
system in the world.
Other airlines soon established their own systems. Delta Air Lines
launched the Delta Automated Travel Account System (DATAS) in 1968.
United Airlines and Trans World Airlines followed in 1971 with the Apollo
Reservation System and Programmed Airline Reservation System (PARS),
respectively. Soon, travel agents began pushing for a system that
could automate their side of the process by accessing the various

ARSes directly to make reservations. Fearful this would place too
much power in the hands of agents, American Airlines executive
Robert Crandall proposed creating an industry-wide Computer
Reservation System to be a central clearinghouse for U.S. travel;
other airlines demurred, citing fear of antitrust prosecution.
An Airline Reservation System is part of the so-called Passenger Service
Systems (PSS), which are applications supporting the direct contact
with the passenger.
The Airline Reservations System (ARS) was one of the earliest
changes to improve efficiency. ARS eventually evolved into the
Computer Reservations System (CRS). A Computer Reservation System is
used for the reservations of a particular airline and interfaces with a
Global Distribution System (GDS) which supports travel agencies and
other distribution channels in making reservations for most major
airlines in a single system.

Airline Reservations Systems contain airline schedules, fare tariffs,
passenger reservations and ticket records. An airline's direct
distribution works within their own reservation system, as well as
pushing out information to the GDS. A second type of direct
distribution channel is consumers who use the internet or mobile
applications to make their own reservations. Travel agencies and
other indirect distribution channels access the same GDS as those
accessed by the airlines' reservation systems, and all messaging is
transmitted by a standardized messaging system that functions
primarily on TTY messaging called SITA. Since airline flight
information system are business critical applications, and their
functionally quite complex, the operation of an in-house airline
reservation system is relatively expensive.
Prior to deregulation, airlines owned their own reservation systems
with travel agents subscribing to them. Today, the GDS are run by
independent companies with airlines and travel agencies as major
subscribers.

As of February 2009, there are only three major GDS providers in the
market space: Amadeus, Travelport (the merged World span and Galileo
systems), Sabre and Shares. There is one major Regional GDS,
Abacus, serving the Asian marketplace and a number of regional
players serving single countries, including Travelsky (China), Infini
and Axxess (both Japan) and Topas (South Korea). There is a
secondary GDS called Navitaire that hosts "ticket less" airlines such
as AirTran, and previously JetBlue. Virgin America is hosted by
iflyRes(aiRes), which is a new generation reservation system
developed and operated by IBS Software Service Pvt. Ltd.
In additional to these "standardized" GDS, some airlines have
proprietary versions which they use to run their flight operations. A
few examples of this kind of system are Deltamatic (built off the
Worldspan platform) and EDS SHARES. SITA Reservations remains
the largest neutral multi-host airline reservations system, with over
100 airlines currently managing inventory.

An airline‟s inventory contains all flights with their available seats.
The inventory of an airline is generally divided into service classes
(e.g. First, Business or Economy class) and up to 26 booking classes,
for which different prices and booking conditions apply. Inventory
data is imported and maintained through a Schedule Distribution
System over standardized interfaces. One of the core functions of the
inventory management is the inventory control. Inventory control
steers how many seats are available in the different booking classes,
by opening and closing individual booking classes for sale. In
combination with the fares and booking conditions stored in the Fare
Quote System the price for each sold seat is determined. In most
cases inventory control has a real time interface to an airline‟s Yield
management system to support a permanent optimization of the
offered booking classes in response to changes in demand or pricing
strategies of a competitor.
Users access an airline‟s inventory through an availability display. It
contains all offered flights for a particular city-pair with their available

seats in the different booking classes. This display contains flights,
which are operated by the airline itself as well as code share flights
which are operated in co-operation with another airline. If the city
pair is not one on which the airline offers service it may display a
connection using its' own flights or display the flights of other
airlines. The availability of seats of other airlines is updated through
standard industry interfaces. Depending on the type of co-operation
it supports access to the last seat (Last Seat Availability) in real-time.
Reservations for individual passengers or groups are stored in a so-
called Passenger Name Record (PNR). Among other data, the PNR
contains personal information such as name, contact information or
special services requests (SSRs) e.g. for a vegetarian meal, as well as
the flights (segments) and issued tickets. Some reservation systems
also allow to store customer data in profiles to avoid data re-entry
each time a new reservation is made for a known passenger. In
addition most systems have interfaces to CRM systems or customer
loyalty applications (aka Frequent Traveler Systems). Before a flight

departs the so-called Passenger Name List (PNL) is handed over to
the Departure Control System that is used to check-in passengers and
baggage. Reservation data such as the number of booked passengers
and special service requests is also transferred to Flight Operations
Systems, Crew Management and Catering Systems. Once a flight has
departed the reservation system is updated with a list of the
checked-in passengers (e.g. passengers who had a reservation but
did not check in (No Shows) and passengers who checked in, but
didn‟t have a reservation (Go Shows)). Finally data needed for
revenue accounting and reporting is handed over to the
administrative systems.
A computer reservations system (CRS) is a computerized system used
to store and retrieve information and conduct transactions related to
air travel. Originally designed and operated by airlines, CRSes were
later extended for the use of travel agencies. Major CRS operations that
book and sell tickets for multiple airlines are known as global
distribution systems (GDS). Airlines have divested most of their direct

holdings to dedicated GDS companies, who make their systems
accessible to consumers through Internet gateways. Modern GDSes
typically allow users to book hotel rooms and rental cars as well as
airline tickets. They also provide access to railway reservations in
some markets although these are not always integrated with the
main system.

CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY AND SYSTEM ANALYSIS OF THE EXISTING
SYSTEM
3.1 FACT FINDING METHOD USED.
The fact finding method used during this research are as follow
1. REVIEW OF RELATED DOCUMENT
Important document that has one or two things to do with the
study were critically studied and much needed details with
close relevancy to the study were taken care of and noted.
2. INTERVIEW METHOD
Some members of staff of Air Nigeria with some officials of
Apapa ports Lagos were closely interviewed and their responses
were found to be useful to this study. Also a handful of staff of
Air Nigeria were interviewed and their contributions were found
to be very helpful to this study

3.2 ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF AIR NIGERIA
Fig 1: organizational structure
MANAGER
COMMUNICATION
DEPARTMENT
STATIONARY
DEPARTMENT
OPERATION
DEPARTMENT
ACCOUNT
DEPARTMENT
TRANSPORT
DEPARTMENT
RADIO
CONTRILLER
STORE
KEEPER
OPERATION
CLERK
ACCOUN-
TANT
CHIEF
DRIVER
ACCOUN-
TANT
SUPERVISOR
DRIVER
ACCOUNT
CLERK
FIELD
WORKERS
RECEPTIONIST
TYPIST

3.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE EXISTING SYSTEM
The objectives of the existing system are as follows.
 The Airline Reservation System (ARS) is a software application
to assist an airline with transactions related to making ticket
reservations, which includes blocking, reserving, cancelling and
rescheduling tickets.
 Minimize repetitive work done by the system administrator and
reservation clerks.
 Maintain consistency among different access modes, e.g. by
phone, by web, at the information desk and across different
physical locations. The users should be basically taken through
the same steps by the system as they go through in
conventional desk-reservation systems.
 Maintain customer information in case of emergency, e.g. flight
cancellation due to inclement weather. The profile can also be
used by the airline company to track user preferences and

travel patterns to serve them better, plan routes, for better
marketing and efficient scheduling of flights.
 Maximize the revenue of the airline company by various means:
 Increase awareness among frequent travelers about various
special offers and discounts.
 Minimize the number of vacant seats on a flight and maximize
flight capacity utilization.
 Maintain the capability to adopt a flexible pricing policy. The
price of the tickets should be dynamically determined based on
how early, before the date of departure, the customer buys the
ticket.
3.4 INPUT, PROCESS AND OUTPUT ANALYSIS
This deals with the process used to feed in data, work on the data
and eventually gives out a resultant information
3.4.1 INPUT ANALYSIS
This deals with the process used to feed data to the system for
processing. The following data are fed to the system for processing.

TELL US WHERE YOU'D LIKE TO FLY
Nature of the trip, departing from, going To,
Outbound Cabin/Fare type, Returning, Inbound Cabin/Fare type
HOW MANY PASSENGERS WILL BE TRAVELLING
Adults (Age 12+)
Children (2-11)
Infants (Under 2)
CHOOSE THE DATES YOU'D LIKE TO TRAVEL
Departing date
Returning date
Currency
PASSENGER DETAILS
Title, First name, last name, mobile phone, contact no, eagle flier no,
seat preference

PAYMENT DETAILS
Email address
Confirm email address
Master card no
3.4.2 PROCESS ANALYSIS
Once the inputs are collected, the obtained data are processed
properly for effective use. The data/information processed is stored
in the computer for subsequent use.
3.4.3 OUTPUT ANALYSIS
This involves the resultant documentation generated after processing
of data/information supplied to the system. The output here can be:
TRAVEL DETAIL
PASSENGER DETAILS
PAYMENT DETAILS
INFORMATION FLOW DIAGRAM

3.5 Information flow diagram
3.6 PROBLEMS OF EXISTING SYSTEM
MANAGER
OPERATION
DEPARTMENT
OPERATION
CLERK
FIELD
WORKERS
RECEPTIONIST
TYPIST
ASSISTANT
MANAGER

a. The airline information is recorded in more than one place in
separate register to back it up, which increased the amount
of filling procedures.
b. The efforts wasted in duplication often causes lack of
interest in the job.
c. Making reference to records most times becomes a problem
because some of the records are not easily found.
d. It creates avenue for doubts on the capability of the
company by the customer or clients.
3.7 JUSTIFICATION FOR THE NEW SYSTEM
The outcome of this study will provide a basis for developing the appropriate
approach to the problems associated with air traveling operations in relation to
Airline flight information system (AFIS).
The following objectives are to be achieved.
Improve forecasting accuracy,
Freeing up labor bottlenecks,

Reducing the amount of product handling,
Installing improvement targets,
Enhancing efficiency in their operation

CHAPTER FOUR
4.1 SYSTEM DESIGN, TESTING AND IMPLIMENTATION
The major factor taken into consideration in the design of the new
system is the issue of a strong and reliable database for effective
form collection and processing. The new system also includes the
pages for admission statistics, brochure and board members.
The unit of measurement that is officially used for producing the new
system is that it should have a strong and reliable database for
effective form collection and processing.
4.2 OUTPUT SPECIFICATION AND DESIGN
The output of the design is a comprehensive report of the program.
It is an computerized ONLINE AIRLINE RESERVATION PORTAL FOR
TRAVELING SERVICES PROVIDER. The output here is the reply given
to the student showing that the admission form has been received.

4.3 INPUT SPECIFICATION AND DESIGN
The word input entails the various data supplied to the system which
are processed to give out an output. The input is supplied to the
system using computer keyboard mainly as an input device.
The major inputs are:
TRAVELLING DETAIL
Nature of the trip, departing from, going To,
Outbound Cabin/Fare type, Returning, Inbound Cabin/Fare type
HOW MANY PASSENGERS WILL BE TRAVELLING
Adults (Age 12+)
Children (2-11)
Infants (Under 2)
Departing date
Returning date
Currency

PASSENGER DETAILS
Title, First name, last name, mobile phone, contact no, eagleflier no,
seat preference
PAYMENT DETAILS
Email address
Confirm email address
Master card no
4.4 FILE DESIGN
The method of file design chosen for this particular study is the top
down file design. This is so that each module could be removed or
added without necessarily affecting the entire problem. A master file
with the following description was used.

FIELD NAME FIELD TYPE WIDTH DEC
NATURE OF THE TRIP,
DEPARTING FROM,
GOING TO,
OUTBOUND CABIN/FARE TY
PE,
RETURNING,
INBOUND CABIN/FARE TYP
E
ADULTS (AGE 12+)
CHILDREN (2-11)
INFANTS (UNDER 2)
DEPARTING DATE
RETURNING DATE
CURRENCY
TITLE,
Character
Character
Character
Character
Character
Character
Character
INTEGER
Integer
Integer
Date
Date
Character
Character
Character
11
11
15
11
11
11
11
3
3
3
10
10
4
10
20
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

FIRST NAME,
LAST NAME,
MOBILE PHONE,
CONTACT NO,
EAGLEFLIER NO,
SEAT PREFERENCE
EMAIL ADDRESS
CONFIRM EMAIL ADDRESS
MASTER CARD NO
Character
Character
Character
Character
Character
Character
Character
Character
20
11
35
10
3
25
25
12
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

4.5 PROCEDURE CHART
Fig 2: procedure chart
START
ACCEPT INPUT DATA
CHECT FOR CORRECTION
SELECT MENU OPTION
PROCESSING
GENERATION OF
REPORT
STOP

4.5 SYSTEM FLOW CHART
EACH REQIEST LETTER WITH A
FREE OR MAONEY ACCEPT AS
PAYMENT
SHIP MANIFEST FOR DATA
ENTRY
CHECK FOR VALIDATION
IS THERE
ANY
ERROR
ON – LINE PROCESSING
DATA STORED
ON DISK PACKOF
PROCESSED
FILES SOTRED
AWAY
QUERRY
SORTING
PRINT
DISPLAY
RESULT
STORED
ON
DISK
NO

4.7 SYSTEM REQUIREMENT
4.7.1 HARDWARE REQUIREMENT
The following hardware is required for the efficient work of the
system:
1. At least 20 gigabyte of hard disk
2. At least 128MB of RAM
3. At least 650MHZ of speed processor
4. At least Pentium II mother board
5. CD ROM
6. Floppy Disk
4.7.2 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT
The following software is needed for adequate implementation of the
design.
1. Window 98/2000/Xp
2. Microsoft FrontPage
3. Macro Media Dream Weaver

4. Macro Media Flash
5. Microsoft Access
6. Internet Explorer
7. Outlook expression
4.7.3 OPERATION REQUIREMENT
The operation requirement for this program is well installed window
environment that will enable other needed program run effectively. It
also required air ventilated environment. The necessary program like
Microsoft Access should be installed for effective database updating.
4.7.4 PERSONNEL REQUIREMENT
The operator of this program should have a minimum knowledge of
computer operation. The program also requires that its operator
should have knowledge of Microsoft Access database. This is required
for the effective updating of the registration record.

4.7 IMPLEMENTATION
Having decided to computerize the ONLINE AIRLINE RESERVATION
PORTAL FOR TRAVELING SERVICES PROVIDER with the design
specification on chapter four, it is put to use in the following way:
4.8 PROGRAM DESIGN
Having considered the old system, the structure of the new system
was being prepared on paper. This involves a segmental designing
method applied to the structure for the new system.

4.9 PROGRAM FLOW CHART
During the Computerized ONLINE AIRLINE RESERVATION PORTAL
FOR TRAVELING SERVICES PROVIDER design, a modular designing
approach was used to design the program for the system. The design
MAIN MENU
ENQUIRES FILE
MAINTENANCE
EXIT
SUBMENU
DISPLAY AIRLINES
DISPLAY AIRLINES
BY OFFICER
DISPLAY AIRLINES BY
GOODS CONTENT
DISPLAY PILOT
DISPLAY ALL
AIRLINES MANIFEST
SUBMENU
CREATE
APPEND
MODIFY
STRUCTURE
DATA BASE

of the new system was carefully developed into paper considering
the old system.
Flowchart was used as an effective graphical representation of the
program, as well as a design tool and it is aided in the evaluation of a
logical correct program.

Fig 4: Program flow chart
START
INPUT MAIN
MENU OPTION
IS
1 = 1
?
IS
1 = 2
?
IS
1 = 3
?
IS
1 = 4
?
WRONG CHOICE TRY AGAIN
DO DATA
ENTRY
DO ENQUIRIES
DO FILE
MAINTENANCE
STOP

4.9.1 DATA ENTRY FLOW CHART
START
INPUT
PASSWORD
IF
PASSWORD
CORRECT
GENERATE
REPORT
STOP
ENTER THE BILL
OF LOADING
ENTER THE LIST OF
ALL THE CLIENT OF
THE AGENCY
WISH
FOR DATA
ENTRY
?
YES
NO
NO

4.9.2 ENQUIRES FLOWCHART
START
SELECT THE ORDER TO
DISPLAY THE AIRLINES
A
IF
A = 1
IF
A = 2
IF
A = 3
IF
A = 4
DISPLAY
AIRLINES
DISPLAY AIRLINES BY
OFFICERS
STOP
ELSE
DISPLAY AIRLINES BY
GOOD CONTENT
DISPLAY PILOT
DISPLAY ALL AIRLINES
MANIFEST
THEN

4.9.3 FILE MAINTENANCE FLOWCHART
START
PRINT “SELECT
YOUR CHOICE; A
CREATE DATA
FILE
IF
A = 1
IF
A = 2 APPEND RECORDS
IF
A = 3
IF
A = 4
ELSE
STOP
UPDATE RECORS
DELETE RECORDS

4.10 CODING
TO BE COLLECTED FROM THE PROGRAMMER
4.10.1 TEST DATA/TEST RUN
The accuracy of the program was tested with some varying data.
This gives the assurance that the new system with achieve its
purpose and objectives.
4.11.2 USER TRANING
The user of the system is given orientation as to the running of the
program. It has a password which protects the system from
unauthorized users.
4.11.3 CUT OVER PROCEDURE
In view of the test plan, direct changeover was recommended since
the program is working perfectly.
4.12 DOCUMENTATION
Documentation is written description of new program works, how it is
to be used or how it is to be executed to ensure the attainment of an

earlier stated aims and objectives of the new system. There are
three categories of documentation they are:
1. User documentation
2. Operator documentation
3. Program documentation.
USER DOCUMENTATION: This is an account of how a program is
to be used. It is written non-technical language and does contain any
details of how the program works. In relating this is to the design
and implementation of a ONLINE AIRLINE RESERVATION PORTAL
FOR TRAVELING SERVICES PROVIDER on how the program is to be
used.
At the beginning, switch on the system: At C:/> (prompt) type
QBASIC, if it is resident in C:/> otherwise change to dos by typing
CD DOS and press enter. Then Type QBASIC and press enter.
To retrieve the source program press ALT + F and from the file menu
select open. Then type Airline. BAS if it is in the direction you want to
use.

If the name of the file is in A Drive (i.e. floppy disk) at the open
dialogue box Type A :/> and type Airline. BAS and press enter. Then
press F5 or shift + F5 to run the program. Every other operation is to
be carried out by the user / operation following. The systems
instructions (the program is interactive and users friendly)
PROGRAM DOCUMENTATION
This is a details account of how each module of a program works. It
is for the use of any who wishes to understand the detailed working
of a program in order to test it or modify it
The modules used were discussed below. Airline BAS is the main
procedure where all procedures were integrated. The procedure of
the program design although all the modules or procedures were link
using a declaration and call statement. The following are the subs of
modules that were linked to form software.
There are four modules in the Airline BAS.

The entry sub-program: This contains the files of all the patients, the
name, address, telephone numbers etc. the Dbase contains all the
records while the listing>BAS is responsible for the particulars.
OPERATOR DOCUMENTATION: Operator documentation is a
description, for computer operators, of how a program is to be run. It
states which devices are needed and which data files must be loaded,
and any special stationary required. It also specifies what is to be
done should the program fail.
How the program is to be run were stated in user documentation.
The device were already stated in system requirement and the data
files to be loaded were also stated in user documentation and no
special stationary is required
In case the program fails. Please consult an analyst or a
programmer who understands the functional specification of the
software

CHAAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY
A new computer system for an Airline flight has been
designed and implemented in this project work. The exercise was
carried out based on the loopholes existing in the management of
air Transport Service. Number of problems encountered in the
manual service process thereby creating opportunity for
1. Reliability in the management of customer‟s document.
2. Fast discharge of auditing responsibilities.
3. Accuracy of computations.
4. Provision of easy adjustment and update of customer records.
RECOMMENDATION
For this research work, I recommend a parallel change over, parallel
change over means a situation where by the old and the new way of
working is implemented. That is, the old (manual) and the newly
designed software computerized for transaction of business between
the company and her customers are being run.

This is to enable a sound understanding of the new system design for
the effectiveness of this changeover; there are other tasks that must
be accomplished. They include the following.
1. Installation of cooling devices such as the air condition for cooling
the computer system
2. The company should be sending their staff for training so that
they acquire more skills and experience in operating the new
designed system
3. Provision of security measures for the system e.g. Alarm gadgets
and burglary proof should be in place.
4. Installation of telephone services is needed so that there won‟t be
any problem in communication.
5. Provision of false floor and false ceiling.
6. Provision of house cleaner to keep the computer room neat and
dust free.

CONCLUSION
Airline Reservation System (ARS) has led to ease of airline ticketing,
flight scheduling and also provided a means for customers to access
and book flights from their homes. It has also increased the speed
with which information about customers are retrieved and handled
and flight scheduling is tasked. Owing to the ease and comfort of
Airline flight information system, local flights which are not on the
system should be encouraged to compensate the system. Secondly,
the system should be made affordable so as to encourage consumers
and travel agents on patronizing the system

REFERENCES
C. Winston, S. Morrison (1995). "The Evolution of the Airline
Industry", Brookings
M. J. Smith (2002). “The Airline Encyclopedia”. Scarecrow Press, New
York. Microsoft Encarta Premium
NIGER SHIPPING LAW (1989). Ship board operation, J.U.S Publishers
Tward vka Town.
OLANIYAN JUNJI (1985). Clearing and forward in Nigeria ports
Godson publishing center Mbara Town.
WILSON J.F (1988). carriage of Goods by sea, Sunday publishing
house, Ikare Town.
P. N. Seth, S. S. Bhat (2002). “An Introduction to Travel and
Tourism”, Prentice Hall, London.
R. E. G. Davies (1964). “A History of the World‟s Airlines”. Oxford
University Press, London.

ROSENBERS J.M (1987) Dictionary of computer information
processing and telecommunication, Anyso promotion Publisher
Ihite Town.
T.O.A. AYENI (1982). Fundamental of computers Education
promotion Publisher Otiti Town.

APPENDIX III
CUSTOMER REGISTRATION FORM

Appendix V
Source Code
Include "includes/dbconnect.php";
Include "includes/functions.php";
$name =
(!empty($_REQUEST["name"]))?strip_tags(str_replace("'","`",$_REQ
UEST["name"])):'';
$phone =
(!empty($_REQUEST["phone"]))?strip_tags(str_replace("'","`",$_REQ
UEST["phone"])):'';
$email =
(!empty($_REQUEST["email"]))?strip_tags(str_replace("'","`",$_REQ
UEST["email"])):'';
$comments =
(!empty($_REQUEST["comments"]))?strip_tags(str_replace("'","`",$_
REQUEST["comments"])):'';

$date =
(!empty($_REQUEST["date"]))?strip_tags(str_replace("'","`",$_REQU
EST["date"])):'';
$bookingTexts = getBookingText($serviceID);
include "includes/javascript.validation.php";
if(!empty($msg2) && $msg2=="captcha"){
$msg = "<div class='error_msg'>Captcha error! Please
try again</div>";
}
?>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/style.css" />
<noscript>
<div class="js_error">Please enable JavaScript or upgrade to
better <a href="http://www.mozilla.com/en-
US/firefox/upgrade.html" target="_blank">browser</a></div>
</noscript>
<?php echo $msg; ?>

<div class="internal_booking_form">
<form name="ff1" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post"
action="booking.processing.php" onsubmit="return checkForm();">
<input type="hidden" value="<?php echo $date?>" name="date">
<input type="hidden" name="interval" value="<?php echo $int;?>"
/>
<input type="hidden" name="serviceID" value="<?php echo
$serviceID;?>" />
<?=getFullMonth(date("n", strtotime($date)))." ".date("d",
strtotime($date)).", ".date("Y", strtotime($date))?> Availability</h2
<p class="desireTime">Please select desired time. <?php echo
$bookingTexts[0]?> <?php echo $bookingTexts[1]?></p>
<?php echo $availability?>
<?php
$num1 = rand(1,9);
$num2 = rand(1,9);
$sum = $num1 + $num2;

?>
<div class="tab">Booking Form</div>
<div class="book_form">
<table width="650" class="booking_form">
<tr>
<td align="left">
<span>Your
Name*: </span>
<input type="text"
name="name" id="name" value="<?php echo $name?>"
onchange="checkFieldBack(this)"/>
<span>Phone*: </span>
$phone =
(!empty($_POST["phone"]))?strip_tags(str_replace("'","`",$_POST["p
hone"])):'';

$email =
(!empty($_POST["email"]))?strip_tags(str_replace("'","`",$_POST["e
mail"])):'';
$comments =
(!empty($_POST["comments"]))?strip_tags(str_replace("'","`",$_POS
T["comments"])):'';
$date =
(!empty($_POST["date"]))?strip_tags(str_replace("'","`",$_POST["dat
e"])):'';
$interval =
(!empty($_POST["interval"]))?strip_tags(str_replace("'","`",$_POST["i
nterval"])):'';
$time = (!empty($_POST["time"]))?$_POST["time"]:'';
$captcha_sum =
(!empty($_POST["captcha_sum"]))?strip_tags(str_replace("'","`",$_P
OST["captcha_sum"])):'';

$captcha =
(!empty($_POST["captcha"]))?strip_tags(str_replace("'","`",$_POST["
captcha"])):'';
($name)."&phone=".urlencode($phone)."&email=".urlencode($email)
."&comments=".urlencode($comments)."&{$timeURL}");
header("Location:
index.php?".http_build_query($queryString));
exit();
}
$status=getServiceSettings($serviceID,'spot_invoice')?1:2;
if(!empty($name) && !empty($phone) && !empty($email)){
Please check your input.</div>";
} else {
3. PREPARE BOOKING DATE/TIME
# CREATE ORDER
$q="INSERT INTO bs_reservations (dateCreated,
name,

$res=mysql_query($q) or die("error!
002");
//needed for message
$tempVar .= "<tr><td>".date("d ",
strtotime($date)).getFullMonth(date('n',strtotime($date))).date(" Y",
strtotime($date))."</td><td>".date((getTimeMode())?"g:i a":"H:i",
strtotime($dateFrom))."</td><td>".date((getTimeMode())?"g:i
a":"H:i"
href="http://".$_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'].$baseDir."manageReserv
ation.php?email=".urlencode($email)."&uid=".$uid."">link</a>";

Design and implementation of airline flight information system

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Design and implementation of airline flight information system