Google previously allowed engineers to spend 20% of their time working on personal projects, which led to innovations like Gmail, AdSense, and Google News. However, the article states this policy is now "as good as dead" as it is no longer actively used at Google. The document then discusses strategies for implementing a similar program called "FOS" (Focus on Success) in a school, where students spend one hour per week working on self-directed projects. It outlines scaffolding the projects with proposal systems, non-Googleable questions, marking rubrics, and culminating with a speech and exhibition to share their work.