Memory & its types presentation1
- 2. CONTENTS • INTRODUCTION OF MEMORY • WHY IS MEMORY REQUIRED IN COMPUTER • TYPES OF MEMORY- PRIMARY MEMORY / VOLATILE MEMORY SECONDARY MEMORY / NON-VOLATILE MEMORY • CONCLUSION
- 3. INTRODUCTION • Computer memory is any physical device capable of storing information temporarily or permanently. For example, Random Access Memory (RAM), is a volatile memory that stores information on an integrated circuit used by the operating system, software, and hardware.
- 4. WHY IS MEMORY REQUIRED IN COMPUTER • The computer memory is a temporary storage area. It holds the data and instructions that the Central Processing Unit (CPU) needs. Before a program can be run, the program is loaded from some storage medium into the memory. This allows the CPU direct access to the program.
- 5. TYPES OF MEMORY • Primary Memory = It is also Known as volatile memory because the memory can’t store the data permanently. Primary memory select any part of memory when user want to save the data in memory but that may not be store permanently on that location. TYPES OF PRIMARY MEMORY- RAM ROM
- 6. RAM = A RAM memory chip is an integrated circuit (IC) made of millions of transistors and capacitors. In the most common form of computer memory, dynamic random access memory (DRAM), a transistor and a capacitor are combines to create a memory cell, which represents a single bit of data.
- 7. TYPES OF RAM- STATIC RAM- – Semi conductor memory – Uses flip flop to store each bit of memory – so does not need to be periodically refreshed – Fast and consumes low power – Expensive and has complex structure(6 transistors) so not used for high capacity applications
- 8. DYNAMIC RAM- – Stores each bit of memory in capacitor in an intrgrated circuit – Real capacitors leak charge so capacitors need to be refreshed periodically – Simple structure (1 capacitor and 1 transistor per bit) so it has very high density
- 9. ROM = ROM is permanent memory location that offer huge types of standards to save data. But it work with read only operation. No data lose happen whenever power failure occur during the ROM memory work in computers.
- 10. TYPES OF ROM- PROGRAMMABLE READ ONLY MEMORY (PROM)- – Programmed to record the information using a facility PROM – programmmer – Once the information is recorded it cannot be changed
- 11. ERASABLE PROGRAMMABLE READ ONLY MEMORY (EPROM)- – Information can be erased and chip can be reprogrammed to record different information using PROM programmer – In formation is erased using UV radiations – It is of two types- Ultra Voilet Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (UEPROM) and Electrically Alterable Programmable Read Only Memory (EAPROM)
- 12. ELECTRICALLY ERASABLE PROGRAMMABLE READ ONLY MEMORY (EEPROM)- • Memory is erased by electrical signals • Provides easy means to store temporary or permanent information in the form of ROM memory
- 13. CACHE MEMORY – – Faster and expensive than RAM – It improves the computer’s performance and is less than 512 KB – Processor can use it to store frequently accessed data and programs instructions – It is of two types – L1 / primary cache(inside microprocessor) and L2/ secondary cache(in the mother board or near the microprocessor)
- 14. • Secondary Memory = Secondary memory is computer memory that is non- volatile and persistent in nature and is not directly accessed by a computer/processor. It allows a user to store data that may be instantly and easily retrieved, transported and used by applications and services. TYPES OF SECONDARY MEMORY Magnetic Based Optical Based
- 15. MAGNETIC BASED- • Prepared using formatting • Data is recorded on disk in concentric circular bands called tracks. • MAGNETIC TAPE • FLOPPY DISK • HARD DISK
- 16. Optical Based – • Stores large amount of data in some formats as much as the entire hard disk • Reads data by focusing a laser- generated beam of light on light on disc’s surface • CD- ROM discs • DVD- ROM discs
- 17. CONCLUSION • These memories both Primary & Secondary memory are useful to store the valuable data and it can be transfer from one node to another node.