EC 8352 Signals and systems Unit 1
- 1. JENITON S Assistant Professor Department of ECE KARPAGAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
- 2. Understand the operations and classifications of signals & systems
- 3. Standard signals Step, Ramp, Pulse, Impulse, Real and complex exponentials and Sinusoids Classification of Signals Continuous time (CT) and Discrete Time (DT) signals, Periodic & Aperiodic signals, Deterministic & Random signals, Energy & Power signals
- 4. Classification of systems: CT systems and DT systems – Linear & Nonlinear, Time – variant & Time-invariant, Causal & Non-causal, Stable & Unstable.
- 5. Introduction of Signals Types of Signals Basic Standard signals Applications
- 6. Signals are mathematical function Dependent variable = voltage, temperature, flow rate, pressure etc.. Independent variable = time
- 7. Based on dimension of signal 1 Dimensional –Speech, ECG, EEG 2 Dimensional –Image 3 Dimensional –Colour Image, Video
- 8. Based on nature of signal Analog Signal Digital Signal Continuous Time Signal (CT) Discrete Time Signal (DT) Based on amplitude Based on time
- 9. The amplitude of an analog signal can have any value (including fractions) at any point in time. Analog signal have infinite values.
- 10. The amplitude of signal can have only finite and discrete values The special case of Digital signal having two discrete values is known as Binary signal
- 11. All continuous (Analog) signals that are functions of time are continuous - time but not all continuous-time signals are continuous(Analog)
- 12. Signal that has a value for only specific points in time (Finite ,real valued) Typically formed by “sampling” a continuous- time signal Represented as x(n). Also called as sequence Commonly found in all Computational systems (digital world) ex. Audio signal mp3, Image JPEG Displayed graphically as individual values Called a “stem” plot
- 13. Discrete-time signals are often obtained by sampling continuous-time signals
- 16. Heaviside function Represented by U(t) and U(n) t is a Power signal Neither Even signal nor Odd signal Application: DC Generator(Switching on and off of a device) Communication application
- 18. Represented by r(t) and r(n) Neither Even nor odd signal Neither Energy nor power signal Application: Current andVoltage relation circuits
- 20. Deltafunction CT -Dirac delta function DT-Kronecker delta function Unit Area signal Even Signal Neither Energy nor Power signal Application Thunderbolt ECG function
- 24. Acceleration function Represented as p(t) and p(n) Application: The Bike responds to acceleration
- 25. Smooth •Finite power signal. •Violates none of our criteria for real-world signals. Application: Any sound signal The light signal A tornedo – Complex sinusoidal signal
- 27. Sine Cardinal function Normalized Sinc function Represented by sinc(t) Energy Signal APPLICATION Digital Signal Processing Information Theory