How to Write a Technical Paper_Atul Patil.pdf
- 1. How to write a Technical Paper: Toolbox Dr. Atul B. Patil
- 2. Einführung • Guten Abend! • Ich heiße Atul Patil. • Ich arbeite bei MIT. • Ich wohne in Pune. • Wie geht es Ihnen? Gut? 2
- 3. • Guten Abend (Good evening) • Ich heiße Atul Patil. (My name is Atul Patil.) • Ich arbeite bei COEP. (I am from MIT.) • Ich wohne in Pune. (I live in Pune.) • Wie geht es Ihnen? Gut? (How are you? Fine?) HOW DO YOU DO? 3
- 5. 5 Research Scholar: Atul B. Patil Guide: Prof. Dr. Z. N. Patil
- 7. How Engineers Spend Their Time: Early Career ______% Engineering: Designing, measuring, calculating, problem-solving ______% Communicating: Writing reports, letters, memos, proposals; giving presentations, talking to colleagues and bosses and customers and clients 25-50 50-75 Performance evaluation and job advancement usually depend more on communication skills than on technical skills.
- 8. How Engineers Spend Their Time: Later Career ______% Engineering: Problem Solving ______% Communicating: Writing reports, letters, memos, proposals; giving presentations, talking to colleagues and bosses and customers and clients 5-10 90-95 As you advance in your career, even more of your time is spent communicating rather than calculating.
- 9. Knowledge Transfer: Is it not my cup of tea? 9 COEP Atul B. Patil Resource / Teacher Participant/ Student Judge / Employer
- 10. From Reading to Writing 10 Rabbit or Duck?
- 11. Which line is longer: AB or BC? 11 They are actually the same length!
- 12. • Count every " F " in the following text: FINISHED FILES ARE THE RE SULT OF YEARS OF SCIENTI FIC STUDY COMBINED WITH THE EXPERIENCE OF YEARS... 12
- 14. Reading • Wrong, there are 6 -- no joke. Read it again! 14
- 15. • Count every " F " in the following text: FINISHED FILES ARE THE RE SULT OF YEARS OF SCIENTI FIC STUDY COMBINED WITH THE EXPERIENCE OF YEARS... 15
- 16. Reading After examining the position, Ram put the newspaper down. He knew that there was an important vacant place to be filled and that an application should be made. He felt qualified to fill it. Ram realized that he needed to climb at this stage and that the ceiling for the job was high. No doubt about it – he would have to reach out. Eventually he reached the heights he had hoped for. His application was good and he served to be doing well at work. But for some reasons, he eventually fell down on the job. He had overreached himself and he suddenly found that he could not support himself. In the end Ram was hurt by the experience. He wondered whether the job he wanted so well had been worth the effort. 16
- 17. TASK: Context and Comprehension of New/ No-sense Words 17 • We see many international travelers buying zreastras from Duty Free shops inside departure and arrival terminals at airports. • They buy zreastras for themselves or as gifts for their friends and acquaintances. • In the past, zreastras were available in attractive and luring packets. • These days, zreastras are available in packets, which bear horrifying pictures, because World Health Organization and governments have made it mandatory for zreastra manufacturers to have such terrifying pictures on zreastra cartons. • Millions of people across the world are addicted to zreastras though they know zreastra consumption is injurious to health. • However, because zreastra packets bear a statutory warning that zreastra smoking is injurious to health, that it causes cancer, especially lung cancer, it is a good sign that the number of smokers is decreasing.
- 18. TASK: Context and Comprehension of New/ No-sense Words 18 • I have a fleep with me nearly everyday. • This fleep goes with me everywhere and I consider it an indispensable part of my life. • In appearance it offers an attractive contrast. One part is bright and shiny and the other is quite dull. • My fleep outlasts the other parts of my wardrobe and I can often wear it for several years. • Being an obtrusive it seldom goes out of style. • Some people like a stretchy fleep but I prefer the traditional kind. • The leather of my fleep is soft and subtle so that it gives with every movement of a part of my body. • This fleep is very important to my well-being for without it my trousers would come down.
- 19. Writing 21
- 20. 1. Infosys, Bangalore : An employee applied for leave as follows: Since I have to go to my village to sell my land along with my wife, please sanction me one-week leave. 2. This is from Oracle Bangalore: >From an employee who was performing the "mundan" ceremony of his 10 year old son: "as I want to shave my son's head, please leave me for two days.." 3. Another gem from CDAC. Leave-letter from an employee who was performing his daughter's wedding:"as I am marrying my daughter, please grant a week's leave.." 4. From H.A.L. Administration dept: "As my mother-in-law has expired and I am only one responsible for it, please grant me 10 days leave." 5. Another employee applied for half day leave as follows: "Since I've to go to the cremation ground at 10 o-clock and I may not return, please grant me half day casual leave“ 6. An incident of a leave letter "I am suffering from fever, please declare one day holiday." 7. A leave letter to the headmaster: "As I am studying in this school I am suffering from headache. I request you to leave me today”
- 21. 8. Another leave letter written to the headmaster: "As my headache is paining, please grant me leave for the day." 9. Covering note: "I am enclosed herewith..." 10. Another one: "Dear Sir: with reference to the above, please refer to my below..." 11. Actual letter written for application of leave: "My wife is suffering from sickness and as I am her only husband at home I may be granted leave". 12. Letter writing: - "I am in well here and hope you are also in the same well." 13. A candidate's job application: "This has reference to your advertisement calling for a ' Typist and an Accountant - Male or Female'... As I am both(!! )for the past several years and I can handle both with good experience, I am applying for the post.
- 22. Abbreviation: WC • A ground of prayer • In the days when you couldn’t count on a public toilet facility, an English woman was planning a trip to India. She was registered to stay in a small guest house owned by the local school master. She was concerned as to whether the guest house contained a WC. 24
- 23. Abbreviation: WC • In English a bathroom is commonly called a WC which stands for ‘water closet.’ She wrote to the school master inquiring about the facilities about the WC. The school master asked the local priest if he knew the meaning of WC. Together they pondered possible meanings of the letters and concluded that the lady wanted to know if there was a ‘wayside chapel’ near the house…. A bathroom never entered their minds. So the school master wrote the following reply! 25
- 24. Abbreviation: WC Dear Madam “I take great pleasure in informing you that the WC is located 9 miles from the house. It is located in the middle of a grove of pine trees, surrounded by lovely grounds. It is capable of holding 229 people and is open on Sundays and Thursdays. As there are many people expected in the summer months, I suggest you arrive early. There is however plenty of standing room. This is an unfortunate situation especially if you are in the habit of going regularly. 26
- 25. • It may be of some interest to you that my daughter was married in the WC as it was there that she met her husband. It was a wonderful event. There were 10 people in every seat. It was wonderful to see the expressions on their faces. We can take photos in different angle. My wife sadly, has been ill and unable to go recently. It has been almost a year since she went last, which pains her greatly. You will be pleased to know that many people bring their lunch and make a day of it. Others prefer to stay till the last minute and arrive just in time. I would recommend your ladyship plan to go on a Thursday as there is an organ accompaniment. The acoustics 27
- 26. More examples of ambiguity • Did you see the girl with the telescope? • The lady hit the man with an umbrella. • He gave her cat food. • Stolen painting found by tree. • They are hunting dogs. • If a child doesn’t drink milk, boil it. 28
- 27. • Let’s eat grandma. • Let’s eat, grandma! • A woman, without her, man is nothing. • A woman, without her man, is nothing. Punctuation / Pauses
- 28. Laloo GOT job IN MICROSOFT !!!! Laloo sent his CV- to apply for a post in Microsoft Corporation, USA. A few days later he got this reply: Dear Mr. Laloo, You do not meet our requirements. Please do not send any further correspondence. No phone call shall be entertained. Thanks Bill Gates
- 29. Laloo GOT job IN MICROSOFT !!!! Dear Mr. Laloo ----- Pyare Laloo bhaiyya You do not meet -----aap to miltay hee naheen ho our requirement ----- humko to zaroorat hai Please do not send any furthur correspondance ----- ab Letter vetter bhejne ka kaouno zaroorat nahee. No phone call ----- phoonwa ka bhee zaroorat nahee hai shall be entertained ----- bahut khaatir kee jayegi. Thanks ----- aapkaa bahut bahut dhanyavad. Bill Gates. ---- Tohar Bilva
- 30. Innovative Use of language • Forest Dept.: Shoot the bird with camera not with gun. • Traffic Dept.: Donate blood, but not on roads. • Petrol Pump: ‘No Smoking’ Your life may be worthless but our petrol is costly. • Hospital Board: If you still want to continue looking at girls even after your death, donate your eyes. 32
- 31. 1. Think • To talk or write without thinking is to shoot without aiming. • Do your own thinking. • Ask yourself key questions about- – Topics (interested subject) – Target audience – Guidelines to follow – Sources of information
- 32. • Discovery is seeing what everybody else has seen, and thinking what nobody else has thought.
- 33. 2. Brainstorm • Jot down points related to the topic. • Make a chart (Mind-mapping) • Organize your information into sections.
- 35. 3. Find • Find as many resources as possible: – Books – Newspapers – Journals – Internet
- 36. 3.1 Read and take notes • Read resources with the topic in your mind and take notes including the details of publication.
- 37. 4. Put ideas into the Parts of the paper • Title (Header) • Abstract • Introduction • Body: Literature Review, Methodology, etc. • Conclusion(s) • Bibliography / References (avoid plagiarism) MLA Style: Last name, first name. Title of the book. Place of publication: Publisher, Year of Publication. • Appendices (if any)
- 38. 40 Examples of Good Titles • Impact of Information Technology on Agricultural Commodity Auctions in India – Tells readers precisely what paper is about • A Review of Component-Based Software Development – Short, to the point
- 39. 41 Examples of Bad Titles • Mobilizing Informational Social Capital in Cyber Space: Online Social Networks and Knowledge Sharing – Not clear what will be in paper – Multiple possibilities presented in title • Rewrite – Online Social Networks and Knowledge Sharing
- 40. "I hit him in the eye yesterday". 1. ONLY I hit him in the eye yesterday. (No one else did.) 2. I ONLY hit him in the eye yesterday. (Did not slap him.) 3. I hit ONLY him in the eye yesterday. (I did not hit others.) 4. I hit him ONLY in the eye yesterday. (I did not hit outside the eye.) 5. I hit him in ONLY the eye yesterday. (Not other organs.) 6. I hit him in the ONLY eye yesterday. (He doesn't have another eye.) 7. I hit him in the eye ONLY yesterday. (Not today.) 8. I hit him in the eye yesterday ONLY. (Did not wait for today.) 42
- 41. Check room for improvements I am blind, please help! Today is a beautiful day and I cannot see it. • “The circuit preformed well. And the noise level was low.” • “The circuit preformed well, and the noise level was low.” • “The circuit performed well. In addition, the noise level was low.” ELTIS-SIFIL 43
- 42. Check grammar and spellings • Read your paper aloud. • Proofread for grammar and spelling mistakes. • Avoid abbreviations. (WC) • Let a friend edit your paper. • Read as many times as you can.
- 43. Time to think • Correct the following statements only if necessary. 1) The Director had given these instructions to all the students. 2) My friend is working as a lecturer in COEP for the last ten years. 3) ICICI bank has already revised the rates for corporate lending a few weeks ago. 4) Why you are asking this question?
- 44. 5) The Principal asked the students if they are willing to participate in the competition. 6) Students would discuss about this issue tomorrow and then meet the teachers. 7) Students must take proper care of all their equipments in the laboratory. 8) I must avail of this golden opportunity.
- 45. • 9) Your answer is more perfect than what is given in the text. • 10) Rahul did not give his examination because he was unwell. • 11) None of the candidates have reported so far. • 12)The secretary may probably come for the meeting. • 13) Myself Peter D’Souza.
- 46. • 14) There is no response from your department since 2012. • 15) I adviced the students to work hard. • 16) What is your good name, please? • 17) I did a mistake by asking her to assess the answer books. • 18) They are all junior than me, yet they were very impolite in the meeting. • 19) Would you please repeat again what you wish to say.
- 47. • 20) Unless they don’t work, they won’t succeed. • 21) One of my close friend is a scientist at NCL. • 22) If you will give me some time, I will be grateful to you. • 23)My friend likes reading historic novels. • 24) There is a calendar over the fire-place. • 25) There is a calendar above the fire-place.
- 48. 26) This arrangement is superior than that. 27) The flowers reminded him his garden. 28) I look forward to meet you.
- 49. Eliminate common errors • Using non-countable nouns as countable nouns: equipments, furnitures, accommodations, informations, etc. • Using prepositions deviantly: discuss about, beside / besides, since / for, between / among, in / into, etc. • Subject-verb agreement: It proves, one of the tools, etc. • Using double comparatives: This experiment is more better than that. • Using stative verbs dynamically: The study is having good results.
- 50. Eliminate common errors Articles: The definite article not used: - Director has approved the minutes. (The Director) - Total amount of the experiment is Rs. 5000. (The total amount) The definite article used where not necessary: - The learners are more important. - It provides the maximum quantity. - It is taken to the office by the car everyday. Redundancy: e.g. headache pain, repeat again, return again, revert back, red colour, dead bodies, PRN number, and also, ATM machine, etc.
- 51. 4. Summarize for a PPT • Key points • Results / findings • Follow do’s and don’ts of making a presentation.
- 52. CONTENTS OF A PAPER • The body of the report follows the preliminary information. The body of the research report contains four logical divisions : 2.Methodology 4.Summary, Conclusions, and Recommendations 3.Presentation and Analysis of Data 1.Introduction
- 53. Sections of a Paper
- 54. What is the purpose of a paper? • The main purpose of a technical paper is – To report research findings.. – However, not all research findings are publishable. – Publishable contribution should expand the frontiers of knowledge (even if just slightly.)
- 55. What is the purpose of a paper? • Examples: – Development of new theories or models – Development of new techniques or algorithms for problems already known – Reports from field experiments or data analysis
- 56. Parts of a Paper • Abstract: – Although the abstract appears first, it should be written last! – 100-300 words – Self-contained – Followed by key words
- 57. Parts of a Paper • Introduction: – Why the topic is important – Preview of the main contributions – Structure of the rest of the paper
- 58. Parts of a Paper • Literature Review: – Make your contribution clear by showing how it relates to other research – Establish credibility by proving that you know how your research is related to what others are doing. – Identify gaps and ways to bridge them
- 59. Parts of a Paper • Methodology, Analysis & Results: – Procedure for collection of data – Analysis with concrete support – Present the main findings – Recommendations
- 60. Parts of a Paper • Conclusion: – What were the main findings from the research? – How might this research continue in the future?
- 61. Call for Paper Sites • General CFP sites: – Conference Alerts – Eventseer – OperResearch.org – Papers Invited – WikiCFP – ACM: Computer – IEEE: Engineering – H-Net: Humanities & Social Sciences – LingList: Linguistics
- 62. Conclusion • Writing technical papers require proper planning from early on • It is important to understand the structure of a paper • The main focus is on the Introduction and the Main Body • Clarity in the research leads to easy paper writing • Writing skills require practice.
- 64. THANK YOU Dr. Atul Patil atulbansilalpatil@yahoo.com / 9657703660 YouTube Channel: Dr. Atul Patil