MSP Program Cards_240816

@AustralianArmy #ModernArmy
www.army.gov.au/our-future
Soldier Combat Systems
1
How are more effective combat
soldiers integral to Army’s pact with
Australia?
The combat soldier is at the heart of Army’s ability to
fight. Because they determine mission success for
Australia’s objectives on land, the soldier must be an
expert in close combat: eyes up and hands on their
weapon. To achieve mission success across diverse
operational environments, combat soldiers must be:
• lethal – potent and precise
• mobile - move faster, longer
• protected – survive the environment and
adversary attacks
• sustainable – effective and persistent
• situationally aware – detect, confirm and decide
In addition to these qualities and the systems that
enable them, combat soldiers must be highly skilled,
adaptive, courageous, hardy and resilient. These
qualities are realised through the application of superior
training and education – without which, the employment
of modernised weapons, gear and equipment would be
ineffective.
Effective soldier combat systems are pivotal to Army’s
utility and flexibility and its unique role as the only
branch of the ADF that can enact sustained change on
land. Army is continuously modernising soldier combat
systems to further enhance and develop this capability
and ensure the fighting effectiveness and survivability of
its combat soldiers. Improvements to the equipment,
training and preparation of its combat soldiers are the
best way that Army can counteract the relatively small
size of its land forces.
Current efforts in modernisation to soldier combat
systems are targeted at developing the overall
effectiveness of soldiers and preparing them for a variety
of evolving challenges and threats in combat scenarios.
The following projects each enhance an element of
the soldier’s combat system, which in turn enhances
the overall effect and efficiency of Australian combat
soldiers. And because the combat soldier is at the heart
of the combined arms team, these projects help enable
Army to fulfil its pact with Australia.
At the heart of all
Army capabilities
is the Australian
soldier: they must
outthink, outlast
and outperform their
adversary.

How is Army modernising soldier
combat systems?
Lethality (Land 125-3C enhanced F88 and Land 40-2
light weight automatic grenade launcher)
These projects will enable our combat soldiers
to achieve a significant combat overmatch when
identifying, targeting and engaging adversaries.
Lethality (Land 159 and Land 4108 small arms and
heavy weapons modernisation)
These projects will redefine combat soldier lethality
systems over the coming decade.
Situational awareness
(Land 53-1BR enhanced night fighting equipment)
The state-of-the-art equipment provided by this project
will allow our combat soldiers to identify adversaries at
night without being seen. The combat soldier who sees
first, acts first.
Situational awareness
(Land 53-2 and Land 4110)
These projects will transform Army’s leading analogue
night fighting system into a heads-up-display, which
enables multi-spectral perception, information reception
and dissemination and decision superiority – without
overburdening the combat soldier’s cognitive capacity.
Mobility and survivability
(Land 125-3B soldier combat ensemble)
This provides combat soldiers with superior, lighter and
customised body armour and load carriage equipment
to increase their survivability on the modern battlefield.
Sustainability
(Land 125-4 continuous modernisation)
Enabling combat soldiers to outlast, outthink and
outperform adversaries through a variety of equipment
and training solutions.
Modernising and developing soldier combat capabilities

Armoured Fighting Vehicle
Systems
2
How can Army conduct sustained
close combat and protect its
soldiers?
Threats to soldiers in the field are evolving in their
complexity and lethality. These threats are as likely
to come from asymmetric enemies as they are from
conventional forces. The Australian Army, however, will
always be required to face these threats.
The best protection to Australian soldiers in combat
comes from armoured vehicles. Armoured vehicles
provide a unique blend of protection, mobility and
firepower that can see soldiers enter combat, achieve
their objectives and return home. Armoured vehicles are
a key component of the combined arms team and an
important element of Army’s land forces.
Army works to enhance the ability of armoured fighting
vehicles to provide firepower, protection and mobility to
its combined arms teams. At ground level, this is integral
to their ability to get the job done. Current efforts in the
modernisation cycle are targeted at enhancing these
unique characteristics while also evolving armoured
fighting vehicles for the full spectrum of complex
challenges they are likely to face. By being ready to face
these challenges, armoured fighting vehicles help enable
Army to fulfil its pact with Australia.
The best protection
for Australian soldiers
in combat is provided
by armoured
vehicles. Only the
absolute best will do.

How is Army modernising armoured
fighting vehicles?
Mounted Combat Reconnaissance Capability
(Land 400 Phase 2)
This project rolls out a fleet of highly protected and
capable combat reconnaissance vehicles (CRVs). These
CRVs will possess levels of protection and firepower
vastly superior to the old platforms. The new CRVs will
provide the combined arms team with an enhanced
capability to conduct reconnaissance and surveillance in
highly lethal environments.
Mounted Close Combat Capability
(Land 400 Phase 3)
Army’s ability to enter combat, engage with enemies and
achieve objectives will be significantly enhanced through
the introduction of the new infantry fighting vehicles
(IFVs). These IFVs will be able to engage in mounted
close combat while delivering dismounted infantry to the
point of engagement, supporting them in achieving their
objectives.
Tanks and armoured fighting vehicles combine elements of armour, firepower and mobility
Main Battle Tank Upgrade (Land 907 Phase 2)
The upgrade to Australia’s main battle tanks will ensure
they remain a credible and deployable protected close
combat capability. The main battle tank provides the
highest level of battlefield mobility, precision direct fire
and protection within the land force. This allows it to
provide protection to the ground force during manoeuvre
and overwhelming firepower during close combat. It
provides a viable and credible deterrent to adversaries
which reduces the likelihood of casualties.
Assault Crossing and Breaching (Land 8160 Phase 1)
Army will be required to operate in more unpredictable
and dangerous environments. In order to protect its
personnel and help its combined arms teams achieve
their objectives, Army is enhancing its armoured
vehicles’ ability to overcomes obstacles such as
minefields, anti-tank ditches, drains and canals. This will
enable the land force more freedom of movement and
the ability to outmanoeuvre the enemy, developing a
more agile and flexible land force.

Combat Support
3
How does combat support enhance
the ability of the combined arms
team to fight and manoeuvre?
The combined arms team is a team of teams. Each
element of the team works to support the strengths of
others or protect their vulnerabilities, enabling them to
achieve their objectives. Combat support elements of
the land force exemplify this concept.
Through a combination of artillery, joint firing control,
engineering, mobility systems and air-land protection,
combat support elements provide the combined arms
team with a blend of offensive and defensive capabilities.
For a small land force like Australia’s, this kind of utility
and flexibility counteracts our relative size deficit and
contributes to a formidable, world class combat team.
Modernising these diverse capabilities ensures Army is
prepared, ready and deployable into a range of settings
and scenarios. Efforts within modernisation are aimed
at developing the spectrum of offensive, protective and
defensive elements within combat support elements.
These projects ensure Army is continuously able to
achieve its objectives on land while providing increased
utility to commanders and Government.
Combat support
elements enable the
combined arms
team to achieve its
objectives, while
protecting land forces
from enemy threats.

How is Army modernising combat
support?
Ground-based short range air defence (Land 19-7B)
This project will enhance the short range air defence
capabilities of land forces. It is aimed at defeating low
level threats such as indirect fires, cruise missiles,
unmanned aerial vehicles and low flying aircraft.
Long range rocket capability (Land 8113)
This project will enhance Army’s firepower with a new
long-range rocket system. The new system will be
capable of providing fire support to defeat threats to
personnel at ranges of up to 300 kilometres.
Land force mortar replacement (Land 136)
The capability outcome is upgrade of the 81 mm
mortar to one that is digitally networked. The mortar
ensures indirect fires is available to the manoeuvre force
organically and is a capability usually employed by
the infantry.
Counter IED capability (Land 154)
Army will invest to enable the joint force to combat the
highly dynamic threat of improvised explosive devices.
Army will improve its route clearance, detection and
neutralisation capabilities with the introduction of
explosive material exploitation.
Chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear Defence
(Land 2110-1B)
This project will enhance the joint force’s ability to
manoeuvre and achieve their mission in a contaminated
environment. It will ensure the protection of personnel
from the strategic, tactical and physiological impacts of
exposure to toxic industrial chemicals and materials and
chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear threats.
Engineer support platforms (Land 8120)
This program will overhaul the ADF’s horizontal
construction and material handling fleet ensuring the
joint force can sustain itself through the construction of
routes and deployed infrastructure.
Enhanced gap crossing capability (Land 155)
This project will enhance Army’s ability to cross a
range of wet and dry gaps. It will provide the capability
to tackle complex physical terrain features such as
rivers, ravines and other natural and man-made gaps
to achieve the agility required in the future operating
environment.
Mobility
Counter- Mobility
Sustainability
Force Protection
Joint Fires
Air land Integration
Enhance Manoeuvre
Shape Terrain
Support endurance
Survive Surprise
Increase lethality
Integrated effects
Army’s combat support elements provide defensive and offensive capabilities for the land force

Combat Service Support
4
How does Army sustain its forces in
the field?
Increasing demands are placed on our soldiers to face a
variety of challenges in our region and across the globe.
For a small land force, a key to Army’s success is being
flexible and manoeuvrable. In war, these traits help us
defeat an enemy. In peace, they enable us to provide
assistance to people on land. Combat service support
elements support both peace and war functions of our
Army, and they are a key contributor to the sustainment
and capability of deployed land forces. Without modern
combat service support, Australia’s land forces cannot
be sustained in the field.
Army works to improve its ability to support and protect
its soldiers through the provision of combat health and
personnel support, support engineering, equipment
maintenance and resource distribution. In its current
cycle of modernisation, Army is focused on the following
projects aimed at enhancing combat service support’s
level of service. By continually modernising combat
service support through these projects, Army fulfils its
pact with Australia as the only branch of the ADF that
can enact sustained change on land.
To enable Army to project and prevail in
remote, austere and hostile environments,
the land force must be sustained.

How is Army modernising combat
service support?
Deployable health capability (JP2060-3)
This modernised health services capability will support
the ADF on operations from combat to humanitarian
aid and disaster relief. Depending on the situation, this
capability will be expected to operate independently,
as a member or leader of a coalition, or to support
government and non-government agencies.
Through the acquisition of modernized health materiel
for Army and Air Force, this project will enable best
practice military medicine for the Australian Defence
Force.
Deployable health knowledge management
(JP2060-4)
Phase 4 will deliver health knowledge management to
acquire new health technology, equipping the ADF with
an information management capability to meets its future
health support requirements.
Aviation refuelling vehicles (JP157)
This project seeks to modernise and replace the
current aviation ground refuelling capability, ensuring
sustainment of all current and future ADF fixed and
rotary wing aircraft fleets. This equipment fleet will
operate within the Australia.
Bulk liquid distribution (JP2059-2)
This project seeks to address the bulk fuel and water
distribution requirements generated by the concurrent
deployment of a brigade based joint task force and a
battalion group on independent operations. This includes
unit line field refuelling requirements of helicopters.
Deployable infrastructure solutions (Land 8140)
Through all stages of planning, costing, establishing,
sustaining, adapting and returning a force, this
capability provides environmental and threat-appropriate
infrastructure in support of combat operations or
disaster relief requirements.
Enterprise Resource Planner
This project will unify all of Army’s management data into
a single source. Through increased digitisation, materiel
management will become less reliant on paper while
commanders will be able to exploit increased situational
awareness of their force elements’ equipment, gear and
combat readiness.
Deployable infrastucture solutions
Combat service support can provide landscape-tailored and
ready-to-use infrastructure to deployed forces whatever the
environment.

Aviation
5
How does modernising Army’s
aviation strengthen Army’s land
forces?
Aviation provides a significant advantage to the land
forces. Operating as a link between the land, sea and
air domains, aviation further increases the flexibility and
utility of Army’s combined arms team. Through the use
of helicopters and unmanned aircraft, Army aviation
offers a range of enhanced capabilities otherwise
unavailable to land based forces. Aviation supports
ground forces with such capabilities as air and sea lift,
special forces deployment, electronic warfare, joint
fire coordination, air-to-air / air-to-surface combat,
reconnaissance and casualty evacuation.
Army is working to modernise aviation’s significant and
diverse range of supporting capabilities to the combined
arms team. The ability to face future challenges as a
small land force operating in hostile environments will be
strengthened through the modernisation and continued
development of Army’s aviation capability.
Army aviation strengthens the combined
arms team by providing speed of response
and flexibility across the air, land and sea.

How is Army modernising aviation?
Armed reconnaissance helicopter replacement
program (Land 4503 – 1)
Aviation will replace the current fleet of Tiger helicopters
with a platform that offers enhanced reconnaissance,
surveillance and combat capabilities. This could consist
of aircraft that are manned, unmanned or a combination
of both.
Multi-role helicopter capability assurance
(Land 4510 – 1)
Multi-role helicopters will continue to be introduced
to Army’s aviation corps, with increased tailoring for
role-specific capabilities that cover a range of functions
including logistics support, tactical mobility, limited fire
support and reconnaissance.
Deployable light helicopter program (Land 2097 – 4)
A fleet of light, rapidly deployable helicopters will be
introduced within the next decade. These helicopters will
have enhanced reconnaissance and attack capabilities
and will provide air mobility support optimised for special
operations.
Chinook upgrades (Land 9000 CH C.A.P)
Increasing the fleet of Chinook medium lift helicopters,
and continuously upgrading them, ensures that this
inexpensive, reliable workhorse will be relevant for many
decades to come.
Tactical unmanned aerial system (Land 129-3)
Unmanned aerial systems support the combined arms
team through long endurance observation – especially in
dangerous environments where a manned aircraft would
be exposed to high risk.
The Australian Army Aviation Corps enhances the capabilities of the land force.
The ways in which Army Aviation supports the land force include:

Land Intelligence,
Reconnaissance, Surveillance
and Electronic Warfare
6
How does enhancing situational
awareness help Army achieve its
objectives?
crowded and contested. In order to counter these
challenges, its forces must be able to prepare, deploy
and manoeuvre on the basis of sound intelligence. This
intelligence often comes from diverse data and sources
that must be processed into reliable and relevant
material – and delivered to where it is needed. The
delivery of this intelligence provides Army with situational
awareness that can offer the land forces significant
decision-making advantages.
In order to give its commanders an advantage at
the point of decision, Army must generate ‘always
on’ regional understanding of the potential operating
environment – from pre-conflict through mission initiation
to mission completion. This advantage is a key strength
for the combined arms team and one that counters
Army’s relatively small size.
To ensure that Army is able to assert this strength, it
must take every opportunity to exploit the advantages
of sound intelligence. Efforts to modernise are focused
on enhancing the ability of Army to gather and share
data while improving its ability to engage in electronic
warfare. In a field that relies primarily on information
technology and communications, Army must ensure
its modernisation in this area keeps pace of rapid
technological change.
Underpinning the ‘always on’ philosophy is the need for
seamless access to a broad range of information from
every level through the habitual use of familiar systems,
applications and databases. Only then can Army and its
commanders continue to assert their decision-making
advantages and protect the interests of Australia.
Future challenges
will require globally
engaged, forward
focused, ‘always
on’ Army intelligence,
surveillance and
reconnaissance.

Army’s intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance capabilities gather data and information from
a variety of sources.
How is Army modernising land
intelligence, reconnaissance,
surveillance and electronic warfare?
Remediation of land tactical electronic warfare
(Land 500-1)
This project will develop the current land electronic
warfare capability to monitor and exploit enemy
communications systems in support of close combat
operations. The capability is both mounted and
dismounted with a variety of different sensor systems.
Geospatial support systems for the land force
(Land 1771)
The provision of timely, accurate and relevant military
geospatial information, imagery analysis and intelligence
is essential to commanders. This project will aim to
enhance this capability and maintain decision-making
superiority for Army over extended ranges to multiple
and dispersed locations. It further aims to ensure that
geospatial intelligence is central to the fusion of data
across the operations and intelligence disciplines so that
commanders are provided with consolidated products
that are readily digestible.
Force level electronic warfare, signals intelligence
and vehicles (Land 555-6)
This project aims to deliver a mounted land force
electronic warfare capability to monitor, exploit and
attack enemy communications systems. This system
will also enhance joint and coalition electronic warfare
interoperability.
Intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance
integration (JP2096)
This program will enable support operation of military
and intelligence force elements. It will create an
integrated mission dataset that enables users to
discover, access, analyse, manipulate and publish
ISR information and intelligence in a timely manner,
regardless of location, organisation, activity or
information source.

Land Command and Control
Communications
7
How do command and control
communications enable the
combined arms team?
The desired effect of the combined arms team is only
achievable through a reliable communications network.
Command and control communications enable elements
of the land forces to coordinate and integrate their
capabilities, ensuring that Army and the joint force are
able to conduct manoeuvres and complete their tasks.
Due to the small size of Australia’s Army and the nation’s
partnerships and alliances, overseas deployment often
means insertion into a coalition force. This creates an
added challenge to the ongoing development of Army’s
command and control communications and their need
to integrate with the networks of Australia’s allies.
Reliable
communications
link together the
capabilities of the
combined arms
team and enable
a small land
force to achieve
large effects.
Because working in a team enables Army forces to
achieve a greater sum effect together than they would
individually, land command and control communications
is a key area for continual modernisation. Army’s efforts
in the following projects ensure that individual elements
of the land forces can form teams, which in turn form
the teams of teams that constitute Army’s combat
brigades – the ultimate units of utility that allows Army
to enact sustained change on land.

How is Army modernising
land command and control
communications?
Land battle management system and digital combat
radio systems (Land 200)
Land 200 continues the upgrade of digital combat radios
in Army’s mobility network and seeks to provide a land
networking solution between army formations, special
forces, and Navy and Air Force. This project improves
the link between sensors and weapons systems, helps
enable force elements to achieve their objectives, and
enhances the overall effect of the combined arms team
and the joint force.
Replacement of battlefield telecommunications
network (Land 2072 Phase 2b)
New battlefield communications equipment will increase
Army and ADF capability to exploit modern information
technology to create a networked environment that
increases information exchange. unit and command
responsiveness and overall operational efficiency.
Military satellite program (Joint project 2008)
The progressive rollout of this upgrade will significantly
improve the entire ADF’s satellite communications
capabilities, increasing the capacity for joint force
operations and providing greater situational awareness
at tactical and strategic levels.
Land command and control communications allow Army to work together as a team.
Communications systems enable the various units of army to speak to one another, both internally and externally, and transfer data
and intelligence as needed. These functions are essential for Army to be able to achieve its objectives. Some of the interactions
these networks facilitate include:

Land Mobility Systems
8
Why are land mobility systems a
defining element of Army?
For a small land force to outmatch an adversary or
to respond to a large humanitarian or disaster relief
mission, the ability to rapidly manoeuvre its force
elements is paramount. The land mobility systems
program achieves this through the maintenance and
development of Army’s protected and unprotected land
mobility fleets. It provides capabilities to force elements
that enable them to operate on land and riverine and
in coastal environments through the provision of many
of the systems that support and enable the Army
combined arms team. Land mobility systems support
Army’s role across the full spectrum of conflict, providing
the land force with its defining characteristic: the ability
to enable manoeuvre through flexible, tailored and
reliable mission systems.
The ability to manoeuvre on land, coastal and riverine
environments is vital for the deployment, sustainability
and continuous operations of a force in the field.
Because of this it is crucial for Army to continuously
modernise these capabilities to enable this function. The
following projects outline Army’s main effort to ensure
that we optimise in the most effective manner to enable
our land forces. These projects will ensure that the land
force delivers the right personnel and equipment, to the
right place and at the right time – allowing the combined
arms team to deliver the right effect. This enhances
Army’s ability to achieve its objectives and fulfil its pact
with Australia.
Rapid, protected
manoeuvre of the
land force is key to
Army’s ability to fight
and win the joint
land battle.

Overlander (Land 121)
Overlander is providing the new fleet of protected and
unprotected field vehicles, modules and trailers to the
ADF over the next decade. These vehicle systems will
provide all combat, combat support and combat service
support elements with the required mobility and capacity
to transport personnel, munitions, fuel, critical supplies
and, when necessary, evacuate casualties. The vehicles
introduced under this project will provide significant
advances in the protection to their operators and
passengers with enhanced networking capability and
lift capacity. Overlander seeks to deliver around 7300
protected and unprotected vehicles under all classes of
mobility.
Bushranger (Land 116)
Bushmasters fulfil a range of roles across Army and Air
Force, with variants of the Bushmaster including: troop,
command, mortar, direct fire weapon, ambulance and
air defence. These are soon to be joined by general
maintenance, explosive ordinance disposal and
electronic warfare variants.
Riverine patrol craft (Land 8702)
From around 2022, this project will provide a fleet of
lightly armed riverine and coastal boats that will be able
to embark small combat teams, light vehicle platforms
and stores in order to conduct directed mission sets.
This capability will further extend Army’s operational
reach through enhanced tactical mobility of the
combined arms team.
Army water transport (Land 8710)
Army’s landing craft will be capable of operating in
shallow waters and carrying heavy loads such as
vehicles, general stores and troops. This development
of Army’s mobility systems will further integrate the land
forces with the joint force, while taking advantage of the
economy of moving goods over water and operating
within the littoral.
Land mobility systems enable land forces to manoeuvre, essentially supporting the warfighting functions
of the ADF.

Special Operations
9
What contributions do special
forces make to Army’s spectrum of
operations?
Special operations is an important and unique
component within Army and the Australian Defence
Force. Special operations forces are specially
designated, organised, trained and equipped forces
that utilise techniques and modes of employment not
standard to conventional forces to achieve strategically
important operational outcomes. Special forces
complete this role through a variety of missions that
range from reconnaissance to recovery, and support to
direct action. In an increasingly complex and threatening
operational environment, the utility of special forces
provides the Australian Government with a range of
options when protecting the nation’s interests.
Because of the unique nature of special forces, their
relatively small footprint and their specialist roles,
modernisation is a key factor in determining their
capability edge. Army is working to further evolve and
integrate Australian special forces capabilities with its
regular forces, with Navy and Air Force capabilities and
with key international security partners.
The following projects will continue to modernise and
sustain the ADF’s special operations capability and
enhance its utility to protect the interests of Australia.
Special operations
provides tailored and
scalable forces that
deliver integrated
global response
effects in support of
Australia’s national
security.

How is Army modernising special
operations?
Special operations capability assurance program
(L1508 or Project Greyfin)
Project Greyfin will provide an enduring line of funding
that will enable a routine refresh of the ADF’s special
operations capability, across all components of the
fundamental inputs to the SO capability. This will enable
special forces to maintain a capability edge over current
and emerging threats.
Deployable special operations engineer capability
(L3025)
This project’s objective is to evolve the specialist
engineer capabilities within special operations command
in order to support manoeuvres, specialist searches and
the ability to counter chemical, biological, radiological,
nuclear and explosive threats.
Special operations rotary wing program
(AIR 2097 – Phase 4)
This project will further support and integrate special
forces into the ADF by providing specialised rotary wing
capabilities to special operations command. This will
extend the utility and tactical deployability of Australian
special forces.
Special forces support and are supported by a range of stakeholders

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