20's ppt presentation
- 1. The 1920’sThe 1920’s A Time of ChangeA Time of Change
- 2. Calvin CoolidgeCalvin Coolidge Vice President under HardingVice President under Harding President in 1923 after Harding diesPresident in 1923 after Harding dies Reelected in 1924Reelected in 1924 Changes back to a Laissez-faireChanges back to a Laissez-faire approach to economyapproach to economy Return to IsolationReturn to Isolation
- 3. Political ScandalPolitical Scandal The Teapot Dome Scandal 1924The Teapot Dome Scandal 1924 Secretary of Interior indicted for briberySecretary of Interior indicted for bribery Gave leases to government oil to companiesGave leases to government oil to companies for moneyfor money Oil reserves in Teapot Dome, WyomingOil reserves in Teapot Dome, Wyoming
- 4. RecessionRecession Economy suffersEconomy suffers Caused by shift from wartime toCaused by shift from wartime to peacetime economiespeacetime economies – No longer producing for warNo longer producing for war Production, farm income, exportsProduction, farm income, exports declinedecline Unemployment increases (12% inUnemployment increases (12% in 1921)1921)
- 5. RecoveryRecovery Coolidge ProsperityCoolidge Prosperity – Gross National Product up 40% by 1923Gross National Product up 40% by 1923 – Standard of living increasesStandard of living increases
- 6. Pro-Business PoliciesPro-Business Policies Decreased corporate income taxesDecreased corporate income taxes Decreased national debtDecreased national debt Raised tariffsRaised tariffs Demanded repayment of war debtsDemanded repayment of war debts
- 7. LaborLabor During war, strikes decreaseDuring war, strikes decrease Post-war strikes failPost-war strikes fail – Troops and court orders used to endTroops and court orders used to end strikesstrikes Union membership decreasesUnion membership decreases Supreme Court rules against childSupreme Court rules against child labor lawslabor laws
- 9. FarmingFarming Policies favor large commercial farmsPolicies favor large commercial farms Small farms sufferSmall farms suffer – Production increased during warProduction increased during war – After war they are producing too muchAfter war they are producing too much Prices dropPrices drop
- 10. The Stock MarketThe Stock Market Investments increaseInvestments increase Buying “on margin”Buying “on margin” – Small down payments in cashSmall down payments in cash – Borrow the restBorrow the rest – People could pay off the loans as long asPeople could pay off the loans as long as stocks did wellstocks did well
- 11. Mass ConsumptionMass Consumption New TechnologyNew Technology – AutomobilesAutomobiles – Mass production, assembly lineMass production, assembly line Lower pricesLower prices Cultural HomogenizationCultural Homogenization – Everyone can buy the same productsEveryone can buy the same products Brand namesBrand names
- 13. MORE THAN JUST AMORE THAN JUST A CARCAR Nations biggest manufacturing industryNations biggest manufacturing industry Businesses to service cars and travel growBusinesses to service cars and travel grow – garages, car dealerships, motels,garages, car dealerships, motels, campgrounds, gas stations, restaurantscampgrounds, gas stations, restaurants 3.7 million people employed directly or3.7 million people employed directly or indirectly by industry in 1929indirectly by industry in 1929 $2 billion to build roads$2 billion to build roads Growth of suburbsGrowth of suburbs
- 16. New ValuesNew Values Emphasis on wealth, possessions, funEmphasis on wealth, possessions, fun LeisureLeisure – Movies, sports, gamesMovies, sports, games – FlappersFlappers Young womenYoung women Drank, smokedDrank, smoked More in movies than real lifeMore in movies than real life
- 18. Growth of ElectricityGrowth of Electricity New ways to shopNew ways to shop – Kansas City first shopping mall 1923Kansas City first shopping mall 1923 Growth of electricityGrowth of electricity – 1913 16% people with electric lights1913 16% people with electric lights – 1927 63% people with electric lights1927 63% people with electric lights – only 4% farms with electricityonly 4% farms with electricity
- 19. Unified AmericaUnified America Until 1920’s America divided intoUntil 1920’s America divided into regional economies and culturesregional economies and cultures Growth ofGrowth of Mass MediaMass Media creates acreates a more connected Americamore connected America – RadioRadio – MoviesMovies
- 20. ProhibitionProhibition Illegal to buy, sell, or consume alcoholIllegal to buy, sell, or consume alcohol 1818thth Amendment in 1919Amendment in 1919 Hard to enforceHard to enforce – Bootlegging- illegally making and sellingBootlegging- illegally making and selling alcoholalcohol Ended in 1933Ended in 1933
- 21. Red ScareRed Scare Fear of spread of communism afterFear of spread of communism after Russian RevolutionRussian Revolution Leads to race riots, bombings, policeLeads to race riots, bombings, police raids, and deportationsraids, and deportations
- 22. Sacco and VanzettiSacco and Vanzetti Italian immigrants Nicola Sacco andItalian immigrants Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti convicted ofBartolomeo Vanzetti convicted of murdermurder – Little evidence against themLittle evidence against them – Both anarchistsBoth anarchists – executedexecuted
- 23. Ku Klux KlanKu Klux Klan Reorganized due to anti-foreignReorganized due to anti-foreign attitudesattitudes Targeted African Americans,Targeted African Americans, Catholics, Jews, and immigrantsCatholics, Jews, and immigrants
- 24. ImmigrationImmigration Immigration Act of 1924Immigration Act of 1924 – Established quotas- limited number ofEstablished quotas- limited number of allowed immigrantsallowed immigrants – Kept out immigrants from Eastern andKept out immigrants from Eastern and Southern Europe and AsiaSouthern Europe and Asia
- 25. Women’s RolesWomen’s Roles More women workingMore women working 1920’s Women’s Bureau1920’s Women’s Bureau – Part of Department of LaborPart of Department of Labor – Improved working conditionsImproved working conditions 1919thth AmendmentAmendment – Women get right to voteWomen get right to vote
- 26. Harlem RenaissanceHarlem Renaissance African American movement basedAfrican American movement based out of Harlem, NYCout of Harlem, NYC Called for action against bigotryCalled for action against bigotry Pride in African American culturePride in African American culture WritersWriters – W.E.B. Du Bois, Langston HughesW.E.B. Du Bois, Langston Hughes Artists, musiciansArtists, musicians – jazzjazz
- 28. Great MigrationGreat Migration Starting in World War One AfricanStarting in World War One African Americans began moving fromAmericans began moving from South to NorthSouth to North 1914 14,000 African Americans in1914 14,000 African Americans in NYCNYC 1930 200,000 African Americans in1930 200,000 African Americans in NYCNYC
- 30. Jazz AgeJazz Age Combination of Ragtime and Blues =Combination of Ragtime and Blues = JazzJazz Began in New OrleansBegan in New Orleans Grew to dominate radioGrew to dominate radio 500 Jazz Clubs in Harlem500 Jazz Clubs in Harlem