Golang

Getting to know Go
A short introduction
By Saray Chak, Web Developer

What is Go?
Go is a compiled, concurrent, garbage-collected, and statically
typed programming language developed at Goolge by Robert
Griesemer, Rob Pike, and Ken Thompson.

History
- 2007, started and built by Robert Griesemer, Rob Pike and Ken
Thompson as a part-time project.
- 2008, a lot of others people help to bring go from prototype to
reality
- 2009, go become a public Open Source project.
- 2010, starts to have adoption by other programmers

Why Go?
- Eliminate slowness
- Eliminate clumsiness
- Improve productivity

What will you see in Go?
- Simple syntax
- Compiled
- Garbage-collected
- Great standard library
- Statically and stronger typed
- Concurrent (goroutines)
- Multiple return values
- Go approach (Object Oriented without inheritance)
- Pointers
- Testing
- And so on...

What will you don’t see in Go?
- Exception handling
- Inheritance
- Method overloading

Go is a tool
Go is a tool for managing Go source code.
- build - compile packages and dependencies
- run - compile and run Go program
- clean - remove object files
- env - print Go environment information
- test - test packages and benchmarks
- Others : fix, fmt, get, install, list, version, vet.

Compiles
go build helloworld.go -> helloworld.exe

Packages
- Each Go program are compound per packages
- Program starts from main package

Variable
- The var instruction declares a
list of variables
- The type is informed at the end
- Inside a function, the short form
:= can be used instead of a var
declaration

Functions
Functions could have zero or more arguments

Multiple return values
A function can have multiple return values

Looping For and Forever
- Go has for as looping structure and it is very similar with C or
Java code, except for ()
- for can run forever

If Condition
- It is very similar with C or Java code, except for ()

What more?
- Switch
- Struct
- Map
- Slice
- Interface
- Pointer
- Receiver function
- Range
- Error
- And a lot more

A web server
It is simple to build a web server in Go

Concurrency (goroutines)
- Every concurrently executing activity in Go is known as Goroutine.
- A gorountine is a lightweight thread managed by Go
- To send or receive information between the goroutines, use
channels

Goroutine
Create more thread using keyword “go”

Channels
Channel is the only way to communicate with goroutine

Garbage collection
Go provides automatic garbage collection of allocated memory. It is
not necessary to release memory explicitly. There is no need to
worry about heap-allocated vs. stack-allocated storage.

Conclusion
- Go is a really nice language. It is easy to write and read.
- Go is a really fast, because it is compiled to machine code.
- Go has a well written standard libraries.
- Go supports multithreading and concurrency.
- Go provides automatic garbage collection of allocated memory.
- Go comes with built-in testing tool
- Go is quite young, so it still developing
- Go has no OOP approach

References
- https://github.com/golang/go/wiki/GoForCPPProgrammers
- https://golang.org/
- https://pkg.go.dev/std

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