The document discusses the parts and functions of a lathe machine. It describes the lathe as being versatile and able to perform turning, tapering, facing, drilling, boring, spinning, grinding and polishing operations. It then lists and describes the main parts of a lathe machine, including the lathe bed, headstock, quick-change gearbox, carriage, cross-slide, and tailstock. The lathe bed provides machined ways to guide and align other parts. The headstock houses the spindle to hold and drive the workpiece. The quick-change gearbox allows selecting different speeds. The carriage rides on the bed and supports the cross-slide. The cross-slide and compound rest hold the cutting tool