Lsn02 fundamentals
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This document outlines lessons from a Python mini-course on the fundamentals of programming languages. The objectives are to describe the basic structure of Python, use the IDLE interactive interpreter, and identify three types of errors. The lessons cover formal languages, how programming languages are used to express computations, translating between high and low-level languages using interpreters or compilers, the structure of programs, and debugging syntax errors, runtime errors, and semantic/logical errors.
Lsn02 fundamentals
- 1. Python Mini-Course University of Oklahoma Department of Psychology Day 1 – Lesson 2 Fundamentals of Programming Languages 4/5/09Python Mini-Course: Day 1 - Lesson 21
- 2. Lesson objectives 1. Describe the basic structure of the Python language 2. Use the IDLE interactive interpreter 3. Identify three kinds of errors that occur in programming and describe how to correct them 4/5/09Python Mini-Course: Day 1 - Lesson 22
- 3. Formal languages Designed for specific apps Ex: mathematical notation Have strict rules for syntax 3 + 3 = 6 3+ = 3$6 (bad syntax) Are literal and unambiguous Structure is critical 4/5/09Python Mini-Course: Day 1 - Lesson 23
- 4. Programming languages Formal languages that are designed to express computations and algorithms Low level One step removed from the 1’s and 0’s used by the computer High level More human-friendly languages 4/5/09Python Mini-Course: Day 1 - Lesson 24
- 5. Translating High level language must be translated into low level language by either: Interpreter (at run-time) Compiler (creates a file containing executable object code) Python is an interpreted language 4/5/09Python Mini-Course: Day 1 - Lesson 25
- 6. Starting IDLE 4/5/09Python Mini-Course: Day 1 - Lesson 26
- 7. Programs Programs are sequences of instructions Input Output Math and data manipulation Conditional execution Repetition 4/5/09Python Mini-Course: Day 1 - Lesson 27
- 8. The “Hello, World” program 4/5/09Python Mini-Course: Day 1 - Lesson 28
- 9. Scripts A script is a file that contains a program in a high-level language for an interpreter Python scripts are text files ending in .py Create HelloWorld.py 4/5/09Python Mini-Course: Day 1 - Lesson 29
- 10. Executing scripts Python scripts are run in a “shell” This can be IDLE, a terminal shell (OS X, Linux, Unix), or a command prompt window (MS Windows) Run HelloWorld.py in IDLE 4/5/09Python Mini-Course: Day 1 - Lesson 210
- 11. Debugging You will make mistakes while programming! These mistakes are called “bugs” and the process of tracking them down and eliminating them is debugging 4/5/09Python Mini-Course: Day 1 - Lesson 211
- 12. Syntax Errors All programming languages are picky about syntax Try this: 1 + 2) + 3 Syntax errors can be identified using automated code checking (color coding) and by error messages 4/5/09Python Mini-Course: Day 1 - Lesson 212
- 13. Runtime errors Errors that occur when program is running Also called “exceptions” Ex: runtime.py Identified by testing the program (this includes using test modules) 4/5/09Python Mini-Course: Day 1 - Lesson 213
- 14. Semantic or logical error Program runs (and does exactly what you told it to do) But you made a mistake in the design or implementation Identified by case-based testing 4/5/09Python Mini-Course: Day 1 - Lesson 214