Accessibility Open Education Resources - what's the issue?
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The document discusses issues around creating open educational resources (OERs) that are accessible to students with disabilities. It notes that fewer students will receive support through disability allowances, and accessibility is required by law. OERs could help if they allow text magnification, have captions for videos, and support screen readers and text-to-speech. Tools like Xerte can help create accessible OERs, and authors should consider the unknown audience and platforms their resources may be used on. Checklists and tools can help authors evaluate and improve accessibility.
Accessibility Open Education Resources - what's the issue?
- 1. OERs and accessibility – what’s the issue?09/03/2016
- 2. The big picture » Some 50-60% of your students who had support via Disabled Student Allowances will no longer get it. » Statutory Code of Practice for Services, public functions and associations “where a provision, criterion or practice places a disabled person at a substantial disadvantage, and this relates to the provision of information, …it is reasonable to …ensure that the information is provided in an accessible format (p 102). 09/03/2016 2
- 3. So OERs are…helpful »“ensure that the information is provided in an accessible format” 09/03/2016 3 My text rich resource Her image rich resource His video rich resource Their audio rich resource Blind? Dyslexic? Deaf?
- 4. Or OER’s might be helpful if - 1 The resources you link to (or create) allow for 09/03/2016 4 Text magnification ……………………………………… with reflow
- 5. Or OER’s might be helpful if - 2 Not this …… but this …… 09/03/2016 5
- 6. Or OER’s might be helpful if - 3 Not this …… but this …… 09/03/2016 6
- 7. Or OER’s might be helpful if - 4 Not this …… but this …… 09/03/2016 7
- 8. Or OER’s might be helpful if – 5 09/03/2016 8 https://diagram.herokuapp.com/training/when_to_describe
- 9. So the content creation tool really matters 09/03/2016 9 » Open source, locally hosted, secure and future proofed » Licence-free so access to all staff AND all learners » Device independent – author/consume on tablets, Mac, Pc, phone. » Built in (and continuing) accessibility » Easy to use, familiar editing options » Template driven for sophisticated interactivities » Collaborative, RSS export feeds and inbuilt CC options
- 10. An open source contender » Xerte toolkits Inbuilt accessibility – keyboard accessible (creating and consuming), tab order, colour changing, link to accessibility guidance. Browser based accessibility. Easy navigation Multimedia Mobile accessibility » tinyurl.com/xerte2016 09/03/2016 10
- 11. Find out more… 09/03/2016 11 Alistair McNaught Subject Matter Specialist Alistair.McNaught@jisc.ac.uk jisc.ac.uk 07443 984111 Except where otherwise noted, this work is licensed under CC-BY-NC-ND
- 12. Creating Accessible Open Education Resources 09/03/2016 12
- 13. OER Accessibility double whammy - 1 »Unknown audience › how will your materials be repurposed? › how will your materials be accessed and by whom? 09/03/2016 13
- 14. OER Accessibility double whammy - 2 »Unknown platform »Unknown support »Unknown liability Explicitly stating how accessible your resources are & what standards you have worked helps authors and students. 09/03/2016 14 Deaf group sues Harvard, MIT over online courses
- 15. Accessibility & Usability interconnected Universal Usable Accessible 09/03/2016 15 Accessible to all including those with disabilities Usable by all including those with disabilities Designed for all users
- 16. Reusable or repurposed? » Demonstrating… › Coastal erosion › Fair weather cloud formations › Photographic composition » Use appropriate caption to give context 09/03/2016 16 alt="Shore, Sandy Beach, Cloudy, Ocean, Sea, Beach, Seascape"
- 17. Creating an accessible MOOC, lessons learnt! » Creating courses for FutureLearn platform since 2013 » Designing accessible content requires planning & commitment › Captions and transcripts for videos are vital but time consuming to create well. › Platform neutral PDF formats need checking and tagging › STEM content requires particular attention to be made accessible to all … animations, graphs, tables, equations 09/03/2016 17
- 18. Tools to help with accessibility 09/03/2016 18 Magnification Screen reading Text to speech with highlighting Alternative input Speech recognition
- 19. Free Document Accessibility Checkers »Structured Word document (using heading and styles e.g. Microsoft Accessibility Checker) »Accessible PDFs - free checker PAC 2 or online PAVE »Calibre to convert to ePub and many other formats »Accessible ebook checker (ePub) from International Digital Publishing Forum (IDPF)
- 20. Check external resources – Web2Access » Integrating external resources can bring accessibility and usability challenges » Web2Access reviews accessibility top 100 e-learning resources » web2access.org.uk 09/03/2016 20
- 21. Accessibility Tools for authors & learners »ATbar: open source browser toolbar. »www.atbar.org »Marketplace allows for customisation e.g. › Moodle › WordPress »ATbar for Windows: text to speech & colour overlay for windows 09/03/2016 21
- 22. Making STEM accessible » Use LaTeX or MathML not images » STEMReader plug-in forATbar allows maths to be read & checked » www.stemreader.org.uk 09/03/2016 22 open bracket, 4 x minus 3 y, close bracket, plus 7 open bracket, x plus y, close bracket.
- 23. Looking forward… OER brings • Wide range of expertise – learning from each other and spreading this knowledge out to stakeholders • Crossing boundaries between accessibility, usability and personalisation. • Opening the subject of digital accessibility out beyond the gatekeepers 09/03/2016 23
- 24. Using Open Education to develop accessibility skills Stepwise Approach Each week is made up of activities broken down into small steps representing the type of content Each step is timed, checked for accessibility with named author Copyright and legal requirements signed off even for OER! A record of all the steps is kept for reference – useful when advising about ease of access for all stakeholders
- 25. Free Accessibility Courses – Developing technical skills » Facebook accessibility tutorial – 20 minutes › H stands for headings and semantic markup. › I stands for images and labels. › K stands for keyboard navigation. › E asks for you to ACT with a little extra love with ARIA, Colour andText 09/03/2016 25 http://accessibility.parseapp.com/
- 26. SlideWiki www.slidewiki.org »Accessible platform for creating, editing & sharing OER › SlideWiki 2.0 being developed as part of Horizon2020 project › Collaborative authoring platform › Interesting in trialling from 2017? 09/03/2016 26
- 27. Contact details 09/03/2016 27 Abi James a.james@soton.ac.uk EA Draffan ead@ecs.soton.ac.uk AccessibilityTeam Web and Internet Science University of Southampton https://access.ecs.soton.ac.uk/
Editor's Notes
- #2: OERs and accessibility – what’s the issue? Alistair McNaught – JISC Abi James – University of Southampton EA Draffan – University of Southampton
- #3: 1. The art of the electronically possible
- #4: Open educational resources allow a tutor to supplement their "normal" materials with a range of other materials from different practitioners. This makes it easier to provide true differentiation and to signpost different learners with different access needs to different resources.
- #5: Properly constructed resources built with accessibility in mind will allow a range of personalisation options that are useful for most learners and vital for those with disabilities. These include: Text reflow with magnification Many readers will benefit from magnification. Magnification is of limited value if half the text disappears offscreen. PDFs (and html and epubs) support magnification with reflow. This is much more useful and ensures the text wraps to fit the window whatever magnification is chosen.
- #6: Text to speech: PDFs are capable of interacting with text to speech tools provided the publisher hasn’t disabled text to speech. This has significant benefits for a range of readers – from those with visual impairment, motor impairment or dyslexia through to those with English as a second language.
- #7: PDFs are capable of recolouring the age background. This can help people with dyslexia, colour contrast difficulties or people working in more extreme light – for example very bright or very dim environment.
- #8: PDFs are capable of navigation by thumbnail images (which is very limited benefit) or by bookmarks. Bookmarks can be created to represent different heading levels in the text. This allows a reader to grasp the “semantic structure” of the text – the way the ideas are organised and relate to one another.
- #9: Image shows how the POET image description tool can lead you through s series of questions to help you identify what and when to describe an image.
- #10: EDUPUB is a consortium led by International Digital Publishing Forum (IDPF), Pearson and IMS Global consortium. The IDPF represent traditional ebook interests whilst IMS Global represents the world of elearning and eassessment. Publishers need to be involved in the evolution of standards. EDUPUB will not only provide interoperabililty but also ensure very high levels of accessibility. One of the mantras of the EDUPUB project is “Accessibility is non negotiable”.
- #11: Xerte toolkits Inbuilt accessibility – keyboard accessible (creating and consuming), tab order, colour changing, link to accessibility guidance. Browser based accessibility. Easy navigation Multimedia Mobile accessibility tinyurl.com/xerte2016 Thurs April 14thMultimedia
- #12: Alistair’s contact details: Alistair McNaught Subject Matter Specialist Alistair.McNaught@jisc.ac.uk jisc.ac.uk 07443 984111
- #15: Unknown platform e.g. converting from PowerPoint to PDF can lead to loss of accessibility Unknown support e.g will someone be able to fix an accessibility problem later? Unknown liability e.g. will your resources be used in a country with stricter accessibility regulations? Harvard and M.I.T. Are Sued Over Lack of Closed Captions
- #16: Universal design: provide multiple ways of engagement Provide multiple means of representation Provide multiple means for action and expression
- #20: Word accessibility checker https://support.office.com/en-us/article/Check-for-accessibility-issues-a16f6de0-2f39-4a2b-8bd8-5ad801426c7f PAC 2 http://www.access-for-all.ch/en/pdf-lab/pdf-accessibility-checker-pac.html PAVE - http://www.pave-pdf.org/index.en.html Calibre to convert to ePub: http://calibre-ebook.com/ Accessible ebook checker http://www.idpf.org/accessibility/guidelines/content/qa/checklist-generator.php Points to ponder on NOTE: Image PDFs (e.g. scans without conversion to text) eBooks with digital right management (DRM) Flash objects – disappearing with HTML 5