Cell phone use while driving
- 1. Cell Phone Use While Driving By: Amanda Letoski & Joe Dorzinsky
- 2. Exploration: Cell Phone Use While Driving Facts Cell Phone use while driving is common but controversial. Some jurisdictions have made the use of a cell phone while driving illegal. Others have enacted laws to ban handheld mobile phone use, but allow use of a hands-free device.
- 3. Exploration: Cell Phone Use While Driving Facts Handheld Cell Phones: 6 states (Calif., Conn., N.J., N.Y., Ore. and Wash.), D.C. and the Virgin Islands prohibit all drivers from using handheld cell phones while driving. All laws are primary enforcement —an officer may cite a driver for using a handheld cell phone without any other traffic offense taking place.
- 4. Exploration: Cell Phone Use While Driving Facts All Cell Phone Use: No state bans all cell phone use (handheld and hands-free) for all drivers, but many prohibit all cell phone use by certain drivers: School Bus Drivers: Bus drivers in 17 states and D.C. may not use a cell phone when passengers are present.
- 5. Exploration: Cell Phone Use While Driving Facts Text Messaging: 23 states, D.C. and Guam ban text messaging for all drivers. 18 states, D.C., and Guam have primary enforcement. In the other five, texting bans are secondary. Crash Data Collection: Many states include a category for cell phone/electronic equipment distraction on police accident report forms. Recently proposed federal legislation would require states to collect this data in order to qualify for certain federal funding.
- 6. Exploration: Cell Phone Use While Driving Facts The National Safety Council announced today that it estimates at least 28% of all traffic crashes – or at least 1.6 million crashes each year – are caused by drivers using cell phones and texting. NSC estimates that 1.4 million crashes each year are caused by drivers using cell phones and a minimum of 200,000 additional crashes each year are caused by drivers who are texting.
- 7. Questions Overall Question: Is cell phone use while driving a major problem today that should be strictly enforced? Research Question: Will the law on cell phone use while driving reduce accidents if it is strictly enforced? Research Hypothesis: Cell phone use while driving does cause accidents.
- 8. Related Factors Factors that contribute to accidents: Cell Phone Use Road Rage Changing the Radio Other – weather, passengers, not paying attention 89% agreed with the law being put into effect on cell phone use 71% included cell phone use as a contributer to accidents
- 9. Data Collection Target Audience: Random sample of 38 employees from FNCB & Olympus Sampling Plan: Randomly distributed the survey to business professionals Summary of Respondents: Passed out 50 surveys, and received 23 back from FNCB and 15 from Olympus Method of Survey: Printed out survey and handed them out
- 10. Data Preparation-Survey Have you ever been in a car accident?
- 11. Data Preparation-Survey What is the number one cause of accidents today? (a) Road Rage (b) Cell Phone Use (c) Changing the Radio (d) All the above (e) Other______
- 12. Data Preparation-Survey Do you ever talk or text while driving? How often would you say you use your cell phone while driving? (a) Yes (b) no (a) always (b) sometimes (c) never
- 13. Data Preparation-Survey What would you say you use your cell phone for the most?
- 14. Data Preparation-Survey Would you say that a lot of accidents are caused by cell phone use?
- 15. Data Preparation-Survey Do you agree with the current laws being put into effect to eliminate people using their cell phones while driving?
- 16. First Hypothesis Test Are more than half the accidents today caused by cell phones? Null: <=.50 More than half the accidents today are not caused by cell phones. Alt: >.50 More than half the accidents today are caused by cell phones.
- 17. Are more than half the accidents today caused by cell phones? Reject the null hypothesis T- stat. > T – crit. P value < -level Therefore more than half the accidents are caused by cell phone use.
- 18. One Sample Proportion Test
- 19. Second Hypothesis Test Do more than half the people agree that enforced laws on cell phone use while driving will reduce accidents? Null: <=.50 More than half the people do not agree that enforced laws on cell phones will reduce accidents. Alt: >.50 More than half the people do agree that enforced laws on cell phones will reduce accidents.
- 20. One Sample Proportion Test
- 21. Do more than half the people agree that enforced laws on cell phone use while driving will reduce accidents? Reject the null hypothesis T- stat. > T – crit. P value < -level Therefore, More than half the people do agree that enforced laws on cell phones will reduce accidents.
- 22. Simple Linear Regression Test Is there a relationship between individuals that think laws enforced on cell phone use while driving will reduce accidents and the percentage of effectiveness of the law? X = individuals that think laws on cell phone use while driving will reduce accidents Y = the percentage of effectiveness the law on cell phones will be if enforced
- 23. Simple Linear Regression Null: There is not a relationship between individuals that think laws enforced on cell phone use while driving will reduce accidents and the percentage of effectiveness of the law. Alt: There is a relationship between individuals that think laws enforced on cell phone use while driving will reduce accidents and the percentage of effectiveness of the law.
- 24. Simple Linear Regression Model
- 25. Simple Linear Regression R squared = 67.46% Standard Error = 0.26 Significance Level = 0.00 P-value = 0.02 Effective (x) = 1.18 Intercept (y) = 0.18 The p-value is less than alpha (0.05)
- 26. Simple Linear Regression Conclusion We will reject the null, that proves that there is relationship between the people that agree with the law being enforced on cell phone use while driving and the % of effectiveness the law will be.
- 27. Effective Line fit Plot
- 28. Conclusions Based on the tests, there were obvious factors contributing to the fact that cell phone use while driving does cause accidents Therefore, enforced laws on cell phone use while driving will help reduce accidents caused by cell phones
- 29. Suggestions for Improving Study Sample different ages Survey different states Survey different countries Ask a question concerning who had an accident due to the use of a cell phone? Ask a question regarding location(city, rural, etc.)
- 30. QUESTIONS??