Virtualization

VIRTUALIZATION July 16, 2010 Presenter’s Name: Uma Mahesh.G [email_address]

TOPICS Introduction Why Virtualization? Hypervisor Hypervisor Types Native hypervisors Hosted hypervisors Virtualization Types Application Virtualization Hardware Virtualization Application Virtualization Hardware Virtualization Full Virtualization Para virtualization VM Products July 16, 2010

INTRODUCTION virtualization is a framework or methodology of dividing the resources of a computer into multiple execution environments, by applying one or more concepts or technologies such as hardware and software partitioning, time-sharing, partial or complete machine simulation, emulation, quality of service, and many others A virtual machine is a tightly isolated software container that can run its own operating systems and applications as if it were a physical computer. July 16, 2010

WHY VIRTUALIZATION? Today’s powerful x86 computer hardware was designed to run a single operating system and a single application. This leaves most machines vastly underutilized. July 16, 2010

Virtualization lets you run multiple virtual machines on a single physical machine, sharing the resources of that single computer across multiple environments. July 16, 2010

HYPERVISOR The virtualization layer is the software responsible for hosting and managing all virtual machines on virtual machine monitors (VMMs). Virtualization layer is a hypervisor running directly on the hardware. The functionality of the hypervisor varies greatly based on architecture and implementation. Each VMM running on the hypervisor implements the virtual machine hardware abstraction and is responsible for running a guest OS. Each VMM has to partition and share the CPU, memory and I/O devices to successfully virtualize the system. July 16, 2010

HYPERVISOR TYPES Native, bare-metal hypervisors Hosted Hypervisors July 16, 2010

HYPERVISOR TYPES Native, bare-metal hypervisors are software systems that run directly on the host's hardware as a hardware control and guest operating system monitor. A guest operating system thus runs on another level above the hypervisor . Examples are VMware ESX Server, Microsoft Hyper-V (released in June 2008) and Citrix XenServer Hosted hypervisors are software applications running within a conventional operating system environment. Considering the hypervisor layer being a distinct software layer, guest operating systems thus run at the third level above the hardware. Examples include VMware Workstation, Microsoft Virtual PC and Microsoft Virtual Server products July 16, 2010

VIRTUALIZATION TYPES Application virtualization Hardware virtualization July 16, 2010

APPLICATION VIRTUALIZATION Application virtualization is an umbrella term that describes software technologies that improve portability, manageability and compatibility of applications by encapsulating them from the underlying operating system on which they are executed. Full application virtualization requires a virtualization layer. This layer must be installed on a machine to intercept all file and Registry operations of virtualized applications and transparently redirect these operations into a virtualized location. Application Streaming. The application is delivered in a package, that may include a subset of OS files and configuration settings. Ex - CITRIX XENDESKTOP July 16, 2010

PLATFORM VIRTUALIZATION In computing, platform virtualization is a virtualization of computers or operating systems. Platform virtualization is performed on a given hardware platform by host software (a control program), which creates a simulated computer environment, a virtual machine, for its guest software. Full virtualization Para virtualization July 16, 2010

FULL VIRTUALIZATION Full virtualization provides total abstraction of the underlying physical system and create a complete virtual system in which the guest operating system can execute. No modification is required in the guest operating system or application; the guest OS or application is not even aware that it is running within a virtualized environment. The guest OS executes on the VM just as they would on a physical system Examples : VMWARE ESX SERVER July 16, 2010

PARA VIRTUALIZATION Para-virtualization presents each virtual machine with an abstraction of the hardware that is similar to but not identical to the underlying physical hardware. Para-virtualization attempts to provide most services directly from the underlying hardware instead of abstracting it. Para-virtualization requires modifications to the guest operating systems that are running on the VMs. As a result the guest operating systems are aware that they are executing on a VM. Examples : XEN Source July 16, 2010

VM PRODUCTS VMWARE WorkStation Virtual Server 2005 Windows Server Hyper-V 2008 VMWARE ESX Server July 16, 2010

VMWARE WORKSTATION VMware Workstation has a hosted architecture: it needs a host operating system (such as Windows or Linux). The product acts as both a virtual machine monitor and as an application that runs on top of the host operating system. VMware Workstation's hosted architecture includes the following components: User-level application (VMApp), Device driver (VMDriver) for the host system,and a Virtual machine monitor (VMM) that is created by VMDriver as it loads. July 16, 2010

MS VIRTUAL SERVER 2005 Virtual Server has a hosted architecture: it needs a host operating system (such as Windows) The Virtual Server 2005 user Interface is Web-based and has two components The Web Server – a CGI file uses the VS COM API to create the UI content The Administration Interface – a standard browser that displays the UI These components can reside remotely or locally to the VS service Can use HTTPS to communicate to web service VM user interaction is remoted sing a Virtual Machine Remote Control (VMRC) link Uses NTLM or Kerberos authentication Installation Windows Server 2003 or Windows XP SP2 Download Microsoft Virtual Server 2005 R2 ( http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/virtualserver/bb676679.aspx ) July 16, 2010

VIRTUAL SERVER July 16, 2010 x86/x64 server Virtual H/W Virtual H/W Application Guest OS Application Guest OS

July 16, 2010 VS Service Web Server Administrative Interface VMRC HTTPS DCOM VM 1 VM 2 VM 3 IIS Service Virtual Server CGI Internet Explorer VMRC Client

VIRTUAL SERVER 2005 July 16, 2010

HYPER-V In the Microsoft Hyper-V model, a hypervisor layer runs directly atop the physical server hardware. All of the virtual partitions communicate with hardware through the hypervisor, which is a very small and efficient set of code for coordinating these calls. The parent partition is a special virtual machine that runs Windows Server 2008, controls the creation and management of child partitions, and maintains direct access to hardware resources. This requires that device drivers for physical devices be installed in the parent partition. Finally, the role of a child partition is to provide a virtual machine environment for the installation and execution of guest operating systems and applications. July 16, 2010

INSTALLING / CONFIGURING HYPER-V Windows Server 2008 (x64) Full installation or server core Go to Server Manager > Roles > Add Roles Select Hyper-V Server role and Click Next Select your Ethernet card “Network Adapter” and Click Next Click Install button to install Hyper-V and restart your machine Access Hyper-V Manager to create any virtual machines : Go to Programs > Select Hyper-V Manager July 16, 2010

ESX SERVER VMware ESX is bare-metal hypervisors that install directly on the server hardware. ESX Server provides industry-leading performance and scalability; VMware ESX relies on a Linux operating system, called the service console, to perform some management functions including executing scripts and installing third-party agents for hardware monitoring, backup or systems management. Installation VMWARE ESX Server DVD and ESX Server Client UI July 16, 2010

ESX SERVER ARCHITECTURE July 16, 2010

Virtualization

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