Garbage Management using Android Smartphone

IJSRD - International Journal for Scientific Research & Development| Vol. 1, Issue 9, 2013 | ISSN (online): 2321-0613
All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 1832
Abstract—Environmental pollution nowadays is a major
aspect to be considered. Pollution has to be avoided and
there are several ways to control it. In this paper, we propose
an innovative software application, via which a user can
send an alert text message and location details to the
garbage/waste management department in the campus and
also post the same details on the dedicated web server. This
information essentially helps the respective department to
take care of garbage present in the campus.
Key words: Android, 3G, GPS, Location Manager
I. INTRODUCTION
Open Handset Alliance (OHA) led by Google, Inc
developed Android and it is an open mobile platform. It has
several layers: the Linux kernel, native libraries, the Dalvik
virtual machine (VM), and an application framework. Basic
operating system services and hardware abstraction for the
upper software stacks is provided by Linux Kernel layer.
Miscellaneous functionalities of web browsing, multimedia
data processing, database access, and GPS reception
optimized for a resource-limited hardware environment are
supported by native libraries. The Dalvik VM is Register
based and it runs Java code with low memory demand.
Component-based programming framework is provided by
Android at the top of the layers so that users can easily build
their own applications.
A new and reusable application building blocks
(example: activity); broadcast intent receiver, service, and
content provider etc are used to build android applications.
After an application is written, it is deployed as .apk file
(Android package file). .apk file contains codes, resources,
and a special XML file called the Android Manifest file.
This contains basic information about an application such as
the package name, component descriptions, and permission
declarations. Garbage managing system adopts a mobile cell
phone network. Based on the experiences and findings of
the field experiments, a new managing system is proposed
here. This system is Adaptive for mobility of user and it is
Low cost. This proposed system adopts 3G communication
function to collects user’s location using GPS (Global
positioning system).
In addition Android AsyncTask methodology can
be used to upload images to remote web server on android.
Telephony manager for identifying the information about
the Android mobile terminal which each user holds and the
server which stores user’s information is utilized in this
system. The Collected information in this system contains
the position and time information of android mobile
terminal. When the user calls the garbage managing
department, information is sent as SMS and the same is
posted on server with location details. With this system it is
possible for garbage managing department to Track the and
clear the waste from that location.
II. ANDROID ARCHITECTURE
Android is a software stack for mobile devices with an
operating system, middleware and key applications. Its SDK
provides tools and APIs necessary to begin developing
applications on the Android platform using the Java
programming language.
APPLICATIONS
APPLICATION FRAMEWORK
LIBRARIES
ANDROID
RUNTIME
LINUX-KERNEL
Fig. 1: Android Architecture
Android relies on Linux version 2.6 for core system
services. The kernel also acts as an abstraction layer
between the hardware and the rest of the software stack.
Every Android application runs in its own process, with its
own instance of the Dalvik Virtual machine.
The VM is register-based, and runs classes
compiled by a Java language complier that have transformed
into the .dex format by the included “dx” tool. Android uses
SQLite which is a powerful relational database engine
available to all applications. Rich development environment
includes a device emulator, tools for debugging, memory
and performance profiling, and a plugin for the Eclipse IDE.
III. EXISTING SYSTEM AND ITS DRAWBACKS
In the existing system the individual makes a call and
verbally gives information about the amount of garbage and
about the location. The department executives may not
know the user’s current location .There is a high probability
of data and loss of resources when the authorized person
fails to find the location.
IV. PROPOSED SYSTEM
Different functions have been implemented for the new
generation managing system. Android mobile terminal is
connected to high speed 3G network for effective data
transfer. Monitoring can be made at a very high speed
without any distortion in the network. Global Positioning
System, shortly known as GPS System, is the system that
enables you to know the location of the victim. It consists of
minuscule chip which is attached to the object to be tracked.
This chip will give out signals which are tracked by the
satellite which sends data to the earth giving the exact
location of the user. GPS tracking has come to be accepted
on a global scale. Due to the usage of 3G network the data is
retrieved and stored in the server at a very high speed. When
the user calls Garbage Management department, this
software starts its execution in the backend as a service. It
sends message in SMS format to the department informing
about the garbage presence along with location (latitude and
longitude) values. This information is also posted on
Garbage Management using Android Smartphone
Shivu Gururaj1
S.K Pushpa2
Vishaka Yadav3
Dr. Rajasimha A Makaram4
1
Research Scholar 2
Associate Professor 3
Assistant Professor 4
H. O. D.
2, 4
Dept. of ISE 3
Dept. of CSE
1
O.F.S.S., Bangalore 2, 3, 4
BMSIT, Bangalore, Karnataka
1
shivu.g.raj@gmail.com

Garbage Management Using Android Smartphone
(IJSRD/Vol. 1/Issue 9/2013/0037)
dedicated web server. This helps the department to keep a
track of all the garbage data, location details and also eases
the accessibility at any point of time.
A. Features of the Proposed System:
The garbage managing committee can easily get the
accurate information. It also brings the current location of
garbage located. It is possible to track the exact position
with the help of Google Maps; i.e with latitude and
longitude values it is possible to locate any position. In
future images can be uploaded using AsyncTask
methodology.
Fig. 2: Image posting architecture
V. ANALYSIS
As we are using Android as an illustrative example, we
begin by describing several attack vectors possible on that
platform. In the course of paper, we demonstrate how the
security architecture addresses the security problems. First,
let’s briefly explain the basic Android security concepts.
A. Android Security
Android is a Linux platform for mobile phones with a Java
middleware on top of the OS. Android applications are
usually Java-based, although native code can also be
accessed through the Native Development Kit (NDK).
Android has two parts of security enforcement. First,
applications run as Linux users and thus are separated from
each other. A security hole in one application does not affect
other applications. However, there is also a concept of inter-
process communication (IPC) between different
applications, or between the Android components of the
applications such as activities and services. The Java-based
Android middleware implements a reference monitor to
mediate access to application components based upon
permission labels defined for the component to be accessed.
Any application requires an appropriate permission label
before it can access a component. A number of features
further refine Android’s security model. One example is the
concept of shared user IDs, i.e., different applications can
share the same user ID if they are signed by the same
developer certificate. Another refinement is protected APIs:
Several security-critical system resources can be accessed
directly rather than using components. WS-Security (Web
Services Security, short WSS) is a flexible and feature-rich
extension to SOAP to apply security to web services. It is a
member of the WS family of web service specifications and
was published by OASIS. This protocol specifies how
integrity and confidentiality can be enforced on messages
and allows the communication of various security token
formats, such as SAML, Kerberos, and X.509. Its main
focus is the use of XML Signature and XML Encryption to
provide end-to-end security.
B. SOAP
SOAP originally defined as Simple Object Access Protocol.
It is a protocol specification for exchanging structured
information in the implementation of Web Services in
computer networks. It relies on Extensible Mark-up
Language (XML) for its message format, and usually relies
on other Application Layer protocols, most notably
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and Simple Mail
Transfer Protocol (SMTP), for message negotiation and
transmission. SOAP can form the foundation layer of web
services protocol stack, providing a basic messaging
framework upon which web services can be built.
VI. IMPLEMENTATION
A. Hardware and Software:
The Android mobile terminal is Google Dev Phone 1 and 2.
The operating system for the terminal is Android 2.3(Ginger
bread). We develop mobile ad hoc network software using
Java programming language and SDK for Android 2.3.
B. Implementation functions:
So far, we have implemented communication software to
construct a 3G network by GPS for this system. We took
care of security in communication between each pair of
mobile terminals using WS-Security. When a mobile
terminal communicates with another mobile terminal, it is
necessary to establish pairing of such two mobile terminals
before their communication occurs. When the user mobile
terminal calls a garbage management department, an alert
message is sent to the same phone and using 3G network
messages are posted on the remote server for later access.
VII. RESULTS
This new generation garbage management is software for
phone. When the user makes a call to garbage managing
department, the software starts executing loop wise. Once
there is an outgoing call, the function “phone State Listener”
determines if the call made to that number. Once satisfied,
the loop executes to send the alert messages with location
details. Flow chart of the software execution is shown in
figure 2.
The following snapshots in the figure 4 show the
software execution on an actual android phone with toast
messages. Toast message is a notification which ensures the
successful execution of respective loops. In the snapshot
garbage managing committee/BMSIT is the department to
which the user has called to inform.

Garbage Management Using Android Smartphone
(IJSRD/Vol. 1/Issue 9/2013/0037)
Fig 3: Flowchart of software execution
1) Toast message “222Local Call-+919620253161”
indicates that the function phone State Listener has
identified the number for further execution.
2) Toast message “message sending” indicates that the
message and location details (latitude and longitude) are
sent to department.
3) Toast message “posted 222-” ensures that the
information has been posted on to the web server.
Fig. 4: Snapshots of Execution
VIII. CONCLUSION
Considering the environment pollution, in this paper, we
have implemented the new generation garbage management
system and system features to meet the requirements. Using
this system it is possible for the user to inform the respective
department. More importantly it is not necessary for the
department to receive the call, the user just has to press the
call button and the software starts its execution. Using
telephony manager technique, the proposed new generation
garbage management system can adapt to various mobility
of user by adjusting network.
REFERENCES
[1] http://developer.android.com/
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apis/maps-api-signup.html
[4] Google maps: <maps.google.co.in/>
http://maps.google.co.ion/intl/en/help/maps/streetvie
w http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/google maps
[5] http://www.androidzoom.com/android
applications/india+maps.
[6] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/android_market
[7] http://android_codesexampleblogspot.in/2011/03
/make-phone-call-using android-code-in.html
[8] http://androidworkz.com/2011/02/04custom-menu-
bar-tabs-how-to-hook-the-menu-button-to-drawhide-
a-acustom-tab-bar.
[9] http://code.google.com/p/android-ui-utils.
[10] http://mobiforge.com/developing/story/using-google-
maps-android.
[11] Mr.I.Earnest Paul, Mrs. Swathi pusuluri, “Hospital
Information Service on Android Mobile Devices
“International Journal of Engineering Research and
Technology, ISSN:2278-0181,Vol.1 Issue 3, may
2012.

Garbage Management using Android Smartphone

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