Performance Analysis of Small Sized Engine with Supercharger using Gasoline - Ethanol Blend
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This document discusses the performance analysis of small-sized engines equipped with superchargers using gasoline-ethanol blends. The study shows that supercharged engines offer improved power output and efficiency compared to naturally aspirated engines, especially at 1500 rpm, while also highlighting the environmental benefits of using ethanol blends. Experimental results demonstrate increased brake power and changes in fuel consumption with varying concentrations of ethanol in the fuel mixture.
![IJSRD - International Journal for Scientific Research & Development| Vol. 1, Issue 3, 2013 | ISSN (online): 2321-0613
All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 693
Performance Analysis of Small Sized Engine with Supercharger using
Gasoline - Ethanol Blend
Pranav B. Patel1
Dr. Pravin P. Rathod2
Prof. Arvind S. Sorathiya3
1
PG Student 2, 3
Associate Professor
2, 3
Mechanical Engineering Department
1,2,3
Government Engineering College, Bhuj-370 001 (Kutch-Gujarat-INDIA)
Abstract— This paper determines whether the mechanical
action of a supercharger improves engine performance. Full
power is needed only for accelerating and hill-climbing
during the remainder of the time the excess weight of the
engine and other parts must be carried at a loss of efficiency.
That smaller engine can be used advantageously when
equipped with superchargers, the supercharger being used
only when excess power is required. Supercharger capable
of generating the more power from given capacity of the
engine. With edition to that ethanol helps in controlling the
some parameter affected by the ethanol and decreasing the
exhaust emission. Experiments carried out at low speed of
1500 rpm for different performance characteristics. Paper
includes Curves and tables are given to show the results of
comparative tests with and without a supercharger.
Keywords: internal combustion engine, supercharged
engine, supercharger, performance.
I. INTRODUCTION
The current popularity of internal combustion engines, such
as gasoline and diesel engines, originates from the
combination of their attractive driving performance due to
high toque levels and low fuel consumption. The decisive
role of these characteristics has led to the development of
charger technology, resulting in a remarkable increase in
power density and mean effective pressure. [2]
The demand of economical mini vehicle increases
in recent years from such a background by low fuel
consumption, and by the time it will especially exceed 30
percent of the automobile total number of possession in
Japan of 2005, will grow up. However, power of a mini
vehicle is insufficient and there is indication of the user that
acceleration power is weak and unsatisfactory, especially at
the time of a start dash, gradability, and passing, etc. For the
reason, Auto makers taking out with the high-output car. [3]
Ethanol reduces the country’s dependence on imported oil,
lowering the trade deficit and ensuring a dependable source
of fuel should foreign supplies be interrupted. Farmers see
an increased demand for grain which helps to stabilize
prices. The quality of the environment improves. Carbon
monoxide emissions are reduced, and lead and other
carcinogens (cancer causing agents) are removed from
gasoline. Car owners benefit from increased octane in
gasoline, which reduces engine “knock” or “pinging.”
Ethanol-blended fuels also absorb moisture and clean the
fuel system.[4]
At the present time and instead of pure ethanol, a blend of
ethanol and gasoline is a more attractive fuel with good anti-
knock characteristics. Ethanol (C2H5OH) is a high
performance, biomass fuel. It is considered the most suited
alcohol to be used as a fuel for spark ignition engines. The
most attractive properties of ethanol include its ability to be
produced from renewable energy sources, its high octane
number, and its high laminar flame speed. Drawbacks
include its relatively low heating value and the fact that it is
corrosive to metal and rubber parts of the engine.[5,6]
Ethanol also helps to decrease the exhaust gas temperature
which added the improvement in the performance of the
supercharged engine. Also reduced the knocking tendency
in case of supercharged engine when air enters in the
cylinder above atmospheric pressure.
II. EXPERIMENTAL SET UP AND PROCEDURE
A Single Cylinder, four stroke, petrol engine is used for the
purpose of experimentation. The engine is then coupled to a
rope brake dynamometer. Cooling water is circulated
separately to the rope brake pulley. Necessary provisions are
made to measure the flow rates of fuel and air flowing into
the engine cylinder.
Fig.1: Layout for experiment](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/ijsrdv1i3075-140801081125-phpapp02/85/Performance-Analysis-of-Small-Sized-Engine-with-Supercharger-using-Gasoline-Ethanol-Blend-1-320.jpg)
Performance Analysis of Small Sized Engine with Supercharger using Gasoline - Ethanol Blend
- 1. IJSRD - International Journal for Scientific Research & Development| Vol. 1, Issue 3, 2013 | ISSN (online): 2321-0613 All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 693 Performance Analysis of Small Sized Engine with Supercharger using Gasoline - Ethanol Blend Pranav B. Patel1 Dr. Pravin P. Rathod2 Prof. Arvind S. Sorathiya3 1 PG Student 2, 3 Associate Professor 2, 3 Mechanical Engineering Department 1,2,3 Government Engineering College, Bhuj-370 001 (Kutch-Gujarat-INDIA) Abstract— This paper determines whether the mechanical action of a supercharger improves engine performance. Full power is needed only for accelerating and hill-climbing during the remainder of the time the excess weight of the engine and other parts must be carried at a loss of efficiency. That smaller engine can be used advantageously when equipped with superchargers, the supercharger being used only when excess power is required. Supercharger capable of generating the more power from given capacity of the engine. With edition to that ethanol helps in controlling the some parameter affected by the ethanol and decreasing the exhaust emission. Experiments carried out at low speed of 1500 rpm for different performance characteristics. Paper includes Curves and tables are given to show the results of comparative tests with and without a supercharger. Keywords: internal combustion engine, supercharged engine, supercharger, performance. I. INTRODUCTION The current popularity of internal combustion engines, such as gasoline and diesel engines, originates from the combination of their attractive driving performance due to high toque levels and low fuel consumption. The decisive role of these characteristics has led to the development of charger technology, resulting in a remarkable increase in power density and mean effective pressure. [2] The demand of economical mini vehicle increases in recent years from such a background by low fuel consumption, and by the time it will especially exceed 30 percent of the automobile total number of possession in Japan of 2005, will grow up. However, power of a mini vehicle is insufficient and there is indication of the user that acceleration power is weak and unsatisfactory, especially at the time of a start dash, gradability, and passing, etc. For the reason, Auto makers taking out with the high-output car. [3] Ethanol reduces the country’s dependence on imported oil, lowering the trade deficit and ensuring a dependable source of fuel should foreign supplies be interrupted. Farmers see an increased demand for grain which helps to stabilize prices. The quality of the environment improves. Carbon monoxide emissions are reduced, and lead and other carcinogens (cancer causing agents) are removed from gasoline. Car owners benefit from increased octane in gasoline, which reduces engine “knock” or “pinging.” Ethanol-blended fuels also absorb moisture and clean the fuel system.[4] At the present time and instead of pure ethanol, a blend of ethanol and gasoline is a more attractive fuel with good anti- knock characteristics. Ethanol (C2H5OH) is a high performance, biomass fuel. It is considered the most suited alcohol to be used as a fuel for spark ignition engines. The most attractive properties of ethanol include its ability to be produced from renewable energy sources, its high octane number, and its high laminar flame speed. Drawbacks include its relatively low heating value and the fact that it is corrosive to metal and rubber parts of the engine.[5,6] Ethanol also helps to decrease the exhaust gas temperature which added the improvement in the performance of the supercharged engine. Also reduced the knocking tendency in case of supercharged engine when air enters in the cylinder above atmospheric pressure. II. EXPERIMENTAL SET UP AND PROCEDURE A Single Cylinder, four stroke, petrol engine is used for the purpose of experimentation. The engine is then coupled to a rope brake dynamometer. Cooling water is circulated separately to the rope brake pulley. Necessary provisions are made to measure the flow rates of fuel and air flowing into the engine cylinder. Fig.1: Layout for experiment
- 2. Performance Analysis of Small Sized Engine with Supercharger using Gasoline - Ethanol Blend (IJSRD/Vol. 1/Issue 3/2013/0075) All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 694 The experiment work towards the engine performance enhancement is done in these following steps. The engine was started by the starter motor. The speed was adjusted exactly to 1500 rpm through throttle or accelerator wire attached to a screw. Before starting of the test, the engine was run for 20 minutes to get stabilization and thereafter stabilization period of 20 minutes was allowed in subsequent testing. 1) Performance and emission evaluation of the engine when fuelled with gasoline. 2) Performance and emission evaluation of the engine when fuelled with Gasoline Ethanol blend fuel (E5, E10 and E15). 3) Performance and emission evaluation of the supercharged engine with Gasoline. 4) Performance and emission evaluation of the supercharged engine with Gasoline Ethanol blend fuel (E5, E10 and E15). The load on the engine is varied from no load to 2, 4, 6 and 8 kg of load. The speed was kept constant for the readings to be taken. Small sized engine require for this experiment have a capacity below 100cc.Engine Specification used with this experiment shows in table 1. Displacement 97.2cc Engine 4-Stroke Single Cylinder Engine Maximum Power 7.7 Bhp (5.67 kw) @ 7500 rpm Bore 50 Stroke 49.5 Maximum Torque 7.50 Nm @ 5000 rpm Compression Ratio 8.8:1 Table. 1: Engine Specification In this study the blends were prepared on volume basis. Ethanol was blended in gasoline in concentration of 5%, 10%, 15% and these blends are known as E5, E10, and E15. The purity of the ethanol used for these experiments was 99.9 %. The higher heat of vaporization of ethanol indicates that the volumetric efficiency of ethanol blends is higher than that of pure gasoline, improving power output. The addition of ethanol to gasoline results in the increase of the research octane number by 5 units for each ethanol addition. This allows ethanol blends to operate in engines with higher compression ratios than gasoline. Properties of different blend checked at laboratory for experiments. III. PERFORMANCE Power increases with increases in supercharged pressure as more amount of fuel will be burnt within the same period as the mass of air taken per stroke is increased. The result based on the optimum torque calculation from the result. The power produce is more than the natural aspirated. The results however affected by the air mass flow of the pressure induced. Engine performance investigations using the centrifugal supercharger indicate that the power performance can be improved in comparison with the naturally aspirated engine at speed of 1500 rpm. AS shown in figure 2, Brake Power for Supercharged Engine increases 33.09% compared to naturally aspirated engine at 1500 rpm. Effect of brake power on brake specific fuel consumption for naturally aspirated and supercharged engine with different ethanol blends shown in Fig 2 at 1500 rpm. As Fig. 2: Effect of load on brake power shown in this figure, the BSFC increases for supercharged engine as well as for the ethanol blend percentage. It is observed that brake specific fuel consumption for ethanol blends of different proportions is more when compared with gasoline. This is due to the lower calorific values of the blends of additives when compared with gasoline. As shown in Figure 3, BSFC increases 16.63% for the supercharged gasoline engine respectively at 1500 rpm compared to naturally aspirated engine. BSFC for gasoline engine by using gasoline Ethanol Blend E5, E10 and E15 increases 2.4%, 4.7% and 10.98% respectively. For supercharged engine BSFC for E5, E10 and E15 increases 3.1%, 4.59% and 10.18% respectively at 1500 rpm. Fig. 3: Effect of Brake Power on BSFC Fig. 4: Effect of Brake Power on Thermal Efficiency
- 3. Performance Analysis of Small Sized Engine with Supercharger using Gasoline - Ethanol Blend (IJSRD/Vol. 1/Issue 3/2013/0075) www.ijsrd.com
- 4. Performance Analysis of Small Sized Engine with Supercharger using Gasoline - Ethanol Blend (IJSRD/Vol. 1/Issue 3/2013/0075) www.ijsrd.com