20100608 New Approaches Into Practice
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1. A 2009 study by Plan International found that the costs of water and sanitation projects varied greatly based on technology, country, and location within a country, and their financial tools did not adequately calculate capital and operating costs. This made it difficult to ensure transparency and accountability. 2. In Mozambique, a program supported by the Dutch government and UNICEF monitored projects using software and hardware criteria to evaluate sustainability and improve ongoing implementation. 3. The NGO Water For People argued that charity approaches lead to dependency and advocated changing accountability to focus on long-term access rather than just initial beneficiaries. This forces more sustainable and partnership-focused approaches.
20100608 New Approaches Into Practice
- 1. Putting new approaches into practice 1 Plan in 2009: study 1 into unit costs of water and sanitation using WASHCost components. Conclusions: Very different costs per technology / per country / within country Plan’s financial tools do not calculate costs for CapEx, OpEx etc Without these tools it is difficult to be transparent and accountable Aim to improve targeting and cost efficiency of implementation 1 Robinson, Andy. 2009. Plan International Global Expenditure Review: Water Supply and Environmental Sanitation http://plan-international.org/about-plan/resources/publications/water-and-sanitation/global-water-and-expenditure-review Presentation Title
- 2. Putting new approaches into practice 2 One Million Initiative of Government of Mozambique and UNICEF supported by the Government of The Netherlands: Sustainability Check monitored by independent bodies using software criteria (community and local mechanic capacity in O&M; functioning of water committee) and hardware criteria (status of handpump; availability of spares) used to adjust and improve ongoing implementation ...... and beyond (?) proposed sustainability competition between districts Presentation Title
- 3. Putting new approaches into practice 3 Rethinking Hydro-philanthropy – Water For People – American NGO: “Charity approaches lead to poor project implementation .... establishes dependency from the start.” NGO finance is used as leverage national finance: to encourage local investment Changing accountability indicators : not counting beneficiaries but how many people have services 3, 6 and 10 years after project completion Forces NGOs to be creative, absorb local context and seek partnerships over longer time frames Presentation Title
- 4. Putting new approaches into practice 4 Fontes, small Norwegian NGO: measuring impact of investment with “ water-person-years” (WPY) – access to water over time Investment available = 300 US$ Investment cost of new system = 100 US$ for 1,000 people Assumption: without O&M new system lasts 3 years Coverage drive: 3 villages x 1,000 people x 3 years = 9,000 WPY Sustainability drive: 1 village x 1,000 people x 20 years = 20,000 WPY (each year 10% of investment is set aside for O&M) Values the additional year of functioning Encourages long time commitments and understanding local context Presentation Title
- 5. Putting new approaches into practice 5 Plan International Guatemala: from only projects to supporting municipalities e.g. establishing a water and sanitation unit within the municipalities, supporting them in making a “municipal sanitation plan”, training municipal technicians, setting up monitoring systems: “ we need to move away from “asistencialismo ”. UNICEF in Bolivia: mini-SWAp. Combined funding from different donors, and with these 63 municipalities are supported. 30% of funding goes to structural development of municipal capacity. The rest to infrastructure development. Presentation Title