Keeping it Small: Getting to know the Slim Micro Framework

Keeping it small
Getting to know the Slim micro framework
@JeremyKendall

Jeremy
Kendall
I love to code
I’m terribly forgetful

Jeremy
Kendall
I love to code
I take pictures

Jeremy
Kendall
I love to code
I take pictures
I work at OpenSky

Micro framework?

Concise codebase

Micro framework?

Concise codebase
Clear codebase

Micro framework?

Concise codebase
Clear codebase
Addresses a small set of use cases

Micro framework?

Concise codebase
Clear codebase
Addresses a small set of use cases
Addresses those use cases well

What is Slim?

Inspired by Sinatra

What is Slim?

Inspired by Sinatra
Favors cleanliness over terseness

What is Slim?

Inspired by Sinatra
Favors cleanliness over terseness
Favors common cases over edge cases

Don’t forget .htaccess!

RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteRule ^ index.php [QSA,L]

http://docs.slimframework.com/pages/routing-url-rewriting/

Hello world
<?php

require '../vendor/autoload.php';

$app = new SlimSlim();

$app->get('/hello/:name', function ($name) {
echo "Hello, $name";
});

$app->run();

Let’s look at a
Slim application

“Great repository names are short and memorable.
Need inspiration? How about ﬂaming-archer.”

Flaming Archer
Photo 365 project

Flaming Archer
Photo 365 project
Built in 4 days (Saturday through Tuesday)

Flaming Archer
Photo 365 project
Basic application — a few bells, no whistles

Flaming Archer
Photo 365 project
Routing

Flaming Archer
Photo 365 project
Routing
Twig views

Flaming Archer
Photo 365 project
Routing
Twig views
Middleware

Keeping it Small: Getting to know the Slim Micro Framework

phploc --exclude vendor,tests,templates .

phploc 1.6.4 by Sebastian Bergmann.

Directories: 7
Files: 13

Lines of Code (LOC): 876
Cyclomatic Complexity / Lines of Code: 0.04
Comment Lines of Code (CLOC): 272
Non-Comment Lines of Code (NCLOC): 604

return array(
'slim' => array(
'templates.path' => __DIR__ . '/templates',
'log.level' => 4,
'log.enabled' => true,
'log.writer' => new SlimExtrasLogDateTimeFileWriter(
array(
'path' => __DIR__ . '/logs',
'name_format' => 'y-m-d'
)
)
),
'twig' => array(
// . . .
),
'cookies' => array(
// . . .
),
'flickr.api.key' => 'FLICKR API KEY',
'pdo' => array(
// . . .
)
);

return array(
'slim' => array(
'log.level' => 4, Slim
array(
'path' => __DIR__ . '/logs',
)
)
),
'twig' => array(
// . . .
),
'cookies' => array(
// . . .
),
'pdo' => array(
// . . .
)
);

return array(
'slim' => array(
array(
'path' => __DIR__ . '/logs',
)
) Views
),
'twig' => array(
// . . .
),
'cookies' => array(
// . . .
),
'pdo' => array(
// . . .
)
);

return array(
'slim' => array(
array(
'path' => __DIR__ . '/logs',
)
) Views
),
'twig' => array(
// . . .
),
'cookies' => array( Cookies
// . . .
),
'pdo' => array(
// . . .
)
);

return array(
'slim' => array(
array(
'path' => __DIR__ . '/logs',
)
) Views
),
'twig' => array(
// . . .
),
'cookies' => array( Cookies
// . . .
),
'pdo' => array(
// . . .
) My stuff
);

$config = require_once __DIR__ . '/../config.php';

// Prepare app
$app = new SlimSlim($config['slim']);

$config = require_once __DIR__ . '/../config.php';

// Prepare app
$app = new SlimSlim($config['slim']);

Conﬁg array
goes here

Routing

$app->get('/', function () use ($app, $service) {
$images = $service->findAll();
$app->render('index.html', array('images' => $images));
}
);

Routing

HTTP Method

}
);

Routing

Resource URI
HTTP Method

}
);

Routing

Resource URI
HTTP Method Anonymous Function

}
);

Routing

$app->get('/', function () use ($app, $service) { Grabs all the pics
}
);

Routing

$app->get('/', function () use ($app, $service) { Grabs all the pics
}
);

Passes array of image data to index.html

GET
$app->get('/:day', function($day) use ($app, $service) {
$image = $service->find($day);

if (!$image) {
$app->notFound();
}

$app->render('images.html', $image);
}
)->conditions(array('day' => '([1-9]d?|[12]dd|3[0-5]d|36[0-6])'));

GET
URL parameter


if (!$image) {
$app->notFound();
}

}

GET ... gets passed as an
URL parameter argument


if (!$image) {
$app->notFound();
}

}



if (!$image) {
$app->notFound();
}

}

Condition



if (!$image) {
$app->notFound();
}

}

Condition 1 to 366

GET

if (!$image) {
$app->notFound(); 404!
}

}

POST (with redirect)
$app->post('/admin/add-photo', function() use ($app, $service) {
$data = $app->request()->post();
$service->save($data);
$app->redirect('/admin');
}
);

} $_POST data is in
); the request object

} $_POST data is in
); the request object

302 Redirect

Multiple methods

$app->map('/login', function() {
// Login
}
)->via('GET', 'POST');

Multiple methods
Not an HTTP Method

// Login
}

Multiple methods
Not an HTTP Method

// Login
}

via() is the
awesome sauce

$app->post('/admin/clear-cache', function() use ($app) {

$log = $app->getLog();
$cleared = null;
$clear = $app->request()->post('clear');

if ($clear == 1) {
if (apc_clear_cache('user')) {
$cleared = 'Cache was successfully cleared!';
} else {
$cleared = 'Cache was not cleared!';
$log->error('Cache not cleared');
}
}

$app->flash('cleared', $cleared);
}
);


$log = $app->getLog(); Get the log from $app
$cleared = null;

if ($clear == 1) {
} else {
$log->error('Cache not cleared');
}
}

}
);


$cleared = null;

if ($clear == 1) {
} else {
$log->error('Cache not cleared'); Error!
}
}

}
);


$cleared = null;

if ($clear == 1) {
} else {
$log->error('Cache not cleared'); Error!
}
}

$app->flash('cleared', $cleared); Flash message available in
$app->redirect('/admin'); the next request.
}
);

Middleware
“. . . a Slim application can have middleware
that may inspect, analyze, or modify
the application environment, request, and
response before and/or after the Slim
application is invoked.”
http://docs.slimframework.com/pages/middleware-overview/

Hooks

slim.before
slim.before.router

Hooks

slim.before
slim.before.router
slim.before.dispatch

Hooks

slim.before slim.after.dispatch
slim.before.router

Hooks

slim.before.router slim.after.router

Hooks

slim.before.router slim.after.router
slim.before.dispatch slim.after

class MyMiddleware extends SlimMiddleware
{
public function call()
{
//The Slim application
$app = $this->app;

//The Environment object
$env = $app->environment();

//The Request object
$req = $app->request();

//The Response object
$res = $app->response();

//Optionally call the next middleware
$this->next->call();
}
}

class MyMiddleware extends SlimMiddleware Extend this
{
{
$app = $this->app;




}
}

{
{ Deﬁne call()
$app = $this->app;




}
}

{
{ Deﬁne call()
$app = $this->app;

$env = $app->environment(); Inspect, analyze,
and modify!


}
}

{
{ Deﬁne call()
$app = $this->app;

$env = $app->environment(); Inspect, analyze,
and modify!


$this->next->call(); On to the next!
}
}

namespace TsfMiddleware;

use ZendAuthenticationAuthenticationService;

class Navigation extends SlimMiddleware
{

/**
* @var ZendAuthenticationAuthenticationService
*/
private $auth;

public function __construct(AuthenticationService $auth)
{
$this->auth = $auth;
}

{
// . . .
}

}



class Navigation extends SlimMiddleware extends
{

/**
*/
private $auth;

{
}

{
// . . .
}

}



class Navigation extends SlimMiddleware extends
{

/**
*/
private $auth;

{
}
Constructor injection
FTW
{
// . . .
}

}

{
$app = $this->app;
$auth = $this->auth;

$home = array('caption' => 'Home', 'href' => '/');
$admin = array('caption' => 'Admin', 'href' => '/admin');
$login = array('caption' => 'Login', 'href' => '/login');
$logout = array('caption' => 'Logout', 'href' => '/logout');

if ($auth->hasIdentity()) {
$navigation = array($home, $admin, $logout);
} else {
$navigation = array($home, $login);
}

// . . .
}

{
$app = $this->app; Arrays of
$auth = $this->auth; nav items


} else {
}

// . . .
}

{
$app = $this->app; Arrays of
$auth = $this->auth; nav items


} else {
}
Nav differs based
// . . . on auth status
}

{
// . . .

$this->app->hook('slim.before.router', function () use (...) {

foreach ($navigation as &$link) {
if ($link['href'] == $req->getPath()) {
$link['class'] = 'active';
} else {
$link['class'] = '';
}
}

$app->view()
->appendData(array('navigation' => $navigation));
}
);

}

{ Delicious hook
// . . . goodness


} else {
}
}

$app->view()
}
);

}

{ Delicious hook
// . . . goodness


} else {
} Match
} dispatched path
$app->view()
}
);

}

{ Delicious hook
// . . . goodness


} else {
} Match
} dispatched path
$app->view()
}
); Append
$navigation to
}
view

{ Delicious hook
// . . . goodness


} else {
} Match
} dispatched path
$app->view()
}
); Append
$navigation to
$this->next->call(); On to the next!
}
view

Two great tastes
that taste great together

Twig

Concise
Template oriented

Twig

Concise
Template oriented
Fast

Twig

Concise Multiple inheritance
Template oriented
Fast

Twig

Template oriented Blocks
Fast

Twig

Template oriented Blocks
Fast Automatic escaping

layout.html
and
index.html

<title>{% block page_title %} {% endblock %}</title>

<ul class="nav">
{% for link in navigation %}
<li class="{{link.class}}">
<a href="{{link.href}}">{{link.caption}}</a>
</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>

<h1>365 Days of Photography</h1>
<h3>Photographer: Jeremy Kendall</h3>
{% block content %} {% endblock %}
<hr />

{% extends 'layout.html' %}

{% block page_title %}365.jeremykendall.net{% endblock %}

{% block content %}
{% for image in images %}
<div class="row">
<div class="span6">
<h2><a href="/{{image.day}}">{{image.day}}/365</a></h2>
<p>
<a href="/{{image.day}}">
<img src="{{image.sizes.size.5.source}}" />
</a>
</p>
<p>Posted {{image.posted|date("m/d/Y")}}</p>
</div>
</div>
{% else %}
<p>No images in project</p>
{% endfor %}
{% endblock %}

{% extends 'layout.html' %} extends

{% block content %}
<div class="row">
<div class="span6">
<p>
</a>
</p>
</div>
</div>
{% else %}
{% endfor %}
{% endblock %}


{% block content %} <title />
<div class="row">
<div class="span6">
<p>
</a>
</p>
</div>
</div>
{% else %}
{% endfor %}
{% endblock %}


{% for image in images %} iterator
<div class="row">
<div class="span6">
<p>
</a>
</p>
</div>
</div>
{% else %}
{% endfor %}
{% endblock %}


<div class="row">
<div class="span6">
<p>
</a>
</p>
</div>
</div> else
{% else %}
{% endfor %}
{% endblock %}


<div class="row">
<div class="span6">
<p>
</a>
</p>
</div>
</div> else
{% else %}
<p>No images in project</p> format
{% endfor %}
{% endblock %}

{% extends 'layout.html' %}

{% block page_title %}365.jeremykendall.net | Login{% endblock %}

{% block content %}
<div class="row">
<div class="span4">
<h2>Login</h2>
{% if flash.error %}
<p style="color: red;">{{flash.error}}</p>
{% endif %}
<form name="login" id="login" class="well" method="post">
// Login form . . .
</form>
</div>
</div>

{% endblock %}

The other views
would be redundant

Small but powerful
GOTO 0

Small but powerful
GOTO 0
Excellent tools to write elegant code

Small but powerful
GOTO 0

Routing, middleware & hooks, views

Small but powerful
GOTO 0

Routing, middleware & hooks, views

I just scratched the surface

Read
Slim: slimframework.com
Twig: twig.sensiolabs.org
Composer: getcomposer.org
MicroPHP Manifesto: microphp.org
Flaming Archer: http://git.io/rH0nrg

Thanks!
jeremy@jeremykendall.net
@jeremykendall

Keeping it Small: Getting to know the Slim Micro Framework

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