Chapter9ccna
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This chapter discusses VLANs (virtual LANs), which logically segment a physical network into smaller broadcast domains. VLANs provide benefits like simplified management, security, and flexibility. Key concepts covered include VLAN memberships, frame tagging protocols like ISL and 802.1q, the VLAN Trunk Protocol (VTP) for managing VLANs across switches, and trunking for carrying multiple VLANs between switches. The chapter concludes with examples of configuring VLANs, trunking, inter-VLAN routing, and VTP on Cisco switches.
Chapter9ccna
- 1. Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 9: VLAN’s Instructor & Todd Lammle
- 2. Chapter 9 Objectives The CCNA Topics Covered in this chapter include: • What is a VLAN? • VLAN Memberships • VLAN links • Frame tagging • VTP • Trunking • Configuring VLANs • Inter-VLAN Communication • Configuration examples 2
- 3. Virtual LANs (VLANs) • Definition: A logical grouping of network users and resources connected to administratively defined ports on a switch. – Smaller broadcast domains – Organized by: • Location • Function • Department • Application or protocol
- 4. Switches
- 5. Features of VLANs • Simplify network management • Provides a level of security over a flat network • Flexibility and Scalability
- 6. Broadcast Control • Broadcasts occur in every protocol • Bandwidth & Broadcasts • Flat network • VLANs & Broadcasts
- 8. Security • Flat network problems • VLANs
- 9. Flexibility & Scalability • Layer-2 switches only read frames – Can cause a switch to forward all broadcasts • VLANs – Essentially create broadcast domains • Greatly reduces broadcast traffic • Ability to add wanted users to a VLAN regardless of their physical location • Additional VLANs can be created when network growth consumes more bandwidth
- 10. Switched Network
- 11. Physical LANs Connected To A Router
- 12. VLANs Remove The Physical Boundary
- 13. VLAN Memberships • Static VLANs – Typical method of creating VLANs – Most secure • A switch port assigned to a VLAN always maintains that assignment until changed • Dynamic VLANs – Node assignment to a VLAN is automatic • MAC addresses, protocols, network addresses, etc – VLAN Management Policy Server (VMPS) • MAC address database for dynamic assignments • MAC-address to VLAN mapping
- 14. Identifying VLANs • Access links – A link that is part of only one VLAN • Trunk links – Carries multiple VLANs
- 16. Frame Tagging • Definition: A means of keeping track of users & frames as they travel the switch fabric & VLANs – User-defined ID assigned to each frame – VLAN ID is removed before exiting trunked links & access links
- 17. VLAN ID Methods • Inter-Switch Link (ISL) – Cisco proprietary – FastEthernet & Gibabit Ethernet only • IEEE 802.1q – Must use if trunking between Cisco & non-Cisco switch
- 18. Inter-Switch Link (ISL) Protocol • Definition: A means of explicitly tagging VLAN information onto an Ethernet frame – Allows VLANs to be multiplexed over a trunk line – Cisco proprietary – External tagging process
- 19. VLAN Trunk Protocol (VTP) • Purpose: to manage all configured VLANs across a switch internetwork & maintain consistency – Allows an administrator to add, delete, & rename VLANs
- 20. VTP Benefits • Benefits – Consistent configuration – Permits trunking over mixed networks – Accurate tracking – Dynamic reporting – Plug-and-Play • A VTP server must be created to manage VLANs
- 21. VTP Modes
- 22. VTP Modes of Operation • Server – Default for all Catalyst switches – Minimum one server for a VTP domain • Client – Receives information + sends/receives updates – Cannot make any changes • Transparent – Does not participate in a VTP domain but forwards VTP advertisements – Can add/delete VLANs – Locally significant
- 23. Router with Individual VLAN associations
- 25. Configuring VLANs • Creating VLANs • Assigning Switch Ports to VLANs • Configuring Trunk Ports • Configuring Inter-VLAN routing
- 26. Configuring VTP • Switches are configured to be VTP servers by default.
- 28. Example 2
- 29. Example 3
- 30. Example 4
- 31. Configuring Switching In Our Sample Internetwork
- 32. 2950C
- 33. 2950B
- 36. Written Labs and Review Questions – Open your books and go through all the written labs and the review questions. – Review the answers in class. 36