Runa is a SaaS startup that enhances online commerce by delivering personalized promotions to shoppers in real-time using AWS for scalable big data and machine intelligence solutions. The company faced technical challenges in processing large volumes of data as it aimed to support thousands of merchants, employing various technologies like Hadoop, HBase, and Clojure for performance and reliability. AWS was selected for its flexibility, cost-effectiveness, and ability to scale while minimizing upfront investment, allowing Runa to rapidly prototype and grow their services.