Analysis of Data.pptx
- 1. Analysis of Data By- Salman khan Lecturer
- 2. Definition • Data analysis is a process of inspecting, cleansing, transforming, and modeling data with the goal of discovering useful information, informing conclusions, and supporting decision-making.
- 3. Components of data analysis • Compilation • Tabulation • Classification • Presentation • Interpretation
- 4. Compilation • “Data compilation” refers to the description of statistical procedures used for producing intermediate data and final statistical outputs.
- 5. Tabulation • Tabulation is a systematic and logical representation of numeric data in rows and columns to facilitate comparison and statistical analysis. • In other words, the method of placing organised data into a tabular form is known as tabulation. • It may be complex, double, or simple, depending upon the nature of categorisation.
- 6. Data classification • Data classification is broadly defined as the process of organizing data by relevant categories so that it may be used and protected more efficiently. • Data classification is of particular importance when it comes to risk management, compliance, and data security.
- 7. Meaning of Classification of Data • It is the process of arranging data into homogeneous (similar) groups according to their common characteristics. • Raw data cannot be easily understood, and it is not fit for further analysis and interpretation. Arrangement of data helps users in comparison and analysis. • For example, the population of a town can be grouped according to sex, age, marital status, etc.
- 8. Definition • “Classification is the process of arranging data into sequences according to their common characteristics or separating them into different related parts.”
- 9. Presentation • This refers to the organization of data into tables, graphs or charts, so that logical and statistical conclusions can be derived from the collected measurements. Data may be presented in(3 Methods): - Textual - Tabular or - Graphical.
- 10. TEXTUAL PRESENTATION • The data gathered are presented in paragraph form. • Data are written and read. • It is a combination of texts and figures.
- 11. Example: • Of the 150 sample interviewed, the following complaints were noted: 27 for lack of books in the library, 25 for a dirty playground, 20 for lack of laboratory equipment, 17 for a not well maintained university buildings
- 12. TABULAR PRESENTATION • Method of presenting data using the statistical table. • A systematic organization of data in columns and rows.
- 13. Parts of a statistical table • Table heading – consists of table number and title • Stubs – classifications or categories which are found at the left side of the body of the table • Box head – the top of the column • Body – main part of the table • Footnotes – any statement or note inserted • Source Note – source of the statistics
- 14. Interpretation • Data interpretation is the process of reviewing data through some predefined processes which will help assign some meaning to the data and arrive at a relevant conclusion. It involves taking the result of data analysis, making inferences on the relations studied, and using them to conclude.