00-Review of Linux Basics
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This document provides an overview of Linux basics including the directory structure, file permissions, common commands, shells, and Bash shell scripting. It covers key topics such as navigating the file system, setting file permissions, using commands like ls, cd, and rm, defining environment and shell variables, and controlling program flow using conditional statements and loops in Bash scripts.
![14
Bash Shell Scripting: Conditions
● Conditions
test expression
[ expression ]
help test
test expression
[ expression ]
help test
if [ expression ]
then
commands
elif [ expression ]
then
commands
else
commands
fi
if [ expression ]
then
commands
elif [ expression ]
then
commands
else
commands
fi](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/9216800a-1c02-4041-bbe9-c19562155212-161003170857/85/00-Review-of-Linux-Basics-13-320.jpg)
![16
Bash Shell Scripting: while
●است درست شرط که تازمانی
while [ test ]
do
commands
done
while [ test ]
do
commands
done](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/9216800a-1c02-4041-bbe9-c19562155212-161003170857/85/00-Review-of-Linux-Basics-15-320.jpg)
00-Review of Linux Basics
- 2. Review of Linux Basics
- 3. 4 Key Knowledge Area ● Linux Directory Structure ● File Permissions and Security ● Common Linux Commands and Programs ● Working with Linux Shells ● Bash Shell Scripting
- 5. 6 Navigating the Linux File System ● Change Directory # cd /home/user # cd .. # pwd /home # cd user/Downloads # cd /home/user # cd .. # pwd /home # cd user/Downloads
- 6. 7 File Permissions and Security :شود می اعمال سطح سه در لینوکس فایل سیستم در دسترسی ●) کاربرuserپوشه یا فایل مالک کاربر : ( ●) گروهgroupپوشه یا فایل مالک گروه : ( ●) دیگرانotherفایل مالک غیر به هاگروه و کاربران : ( $ ls -l drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 4096 Oct 13 13:19 Desktop drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 4096 Oct 13 13:19 Documents drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 4096 Oct 13 13:19 Downloads drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 4096 Oct 13 13:19 Music $ ls -l drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 4096 Oct 13 13:19 Desktop drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 4096 Oct 13 13:19 Documents drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 4096 Oct 13 13:19 Downloads drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 4096 Oct 13 13:19 Music # umask 0022 # umask 0022
- 7. 8 SETUID and SETGID ●SETUID ●را آن تواندمی کاربری هر ، شود داده فایلی به مجوز این که صورتی در :فایل روی بر .کند اجرا فایل صاحب مجوز با ●.ندارد اثری هیچ ها پوشه برای مجوز این :پوشه روی بر ●SETGID ●.کند اجرا گروه مجوز با را فایل تواندمی کاربری هر :فایل روی بر ●خواهد مالک گروه مالکیت در پوشه در شده ساخته جدید فایل هر :پوشه روی بر صورت به کاربران که هایی پوشه در استفاده برای .فایل سازنده گروه نه و بود است مناسب کنندمی کار مشترک
- 8. 9 File Security Attributes ● lsattr and chattr a : append only c : compressed d : no dump e : extent format i : immutable j : data journalling s : secure deletion t : no tail-merging u : undeletable A : no atime updates C : no copy on write D : synchronous directory updates S : synchronous updates T : top of directory hierarchy a : append only c : compressed d : no dump e : extent format i : immutable j : data journalling s : secure deletion t : no tail-merging u : undeletable A : no atime updates C : no copy on write D : synchronous directory updates S : synchronous updates T : top of directory hierarchy # chattr +i /path/to/file# chattr +i /path/to/file
- 9. 10 Manipulating Files and Directories Work with file rm cp rmdir mkdir mv File and Dir cd ls Home Dir Tiled ~ .and..
- 10. 11 Viewing and Searching Files Search find locate grep head,tail which
- 11. 12 Environment and Shell Variables ● Shell Variables ● Enviroment Variables # unset varname# unset varname # varname=value# varname=value # export varname=value# export varname=value # echo $varname# echo $varname
- 12. 13 Bash Shell Scripting ● She Bang $ vi helloworld.sh #!/bin/bash var=oracle echo $var $ vi helloworld.sh #!/bin/bash var=oracle echo $var
- 13. 14 Bash Shell Scripting: Conditions ● Conditions test expression [ expression ] help test test expression [ expression ] help test if [ expression ] then commands elif [ expression ] then commands else commands fi if [ expression ] then commands elif [ expression ] then commands else commands fi
- 14. 15 Bash Shell Scripting: case ●گزینه چندین انتخاب case $variable in 1 ) echo "You entered one” ;; 2 ) echo "You entered two ;; 3 ) echo "You entered three” ;; * ) echo "You did not enter a number” echo "between 1 and 3” esac case $variable in 1 ) echo "You entered one” ;; 2 ) echo "You entered two ;; 3 ) echo "You entered three” ;; * ) echo "You did not enter a number” echo "between 1 and 3” esac
- 15. 16 Bash Shell Scripting: while ●است درست شرط که تازمانی while [ test ] do commands done while [ test ] do commands done
- 16. 17 Bash Shell Scripting: In-List Syntax of for for I in list do commands done for I in list do commands done for I in /path/to/* do commands to $I done for I in /path/to/* do commands to $I done
- 17. 18 Bash Shell Scripting: Controlled Loop Syntax of for for (( c=1; c<=5; c++ )) do commands done for (( c=1; c<=5; c++ )) do commands done for I in {start..end..step} do commands done for I in {start..end..step} do commands done