01 Intro-Background
- 1. 1. Intro + Overview KIBERT CHAPTER 1 SBLT 101 FALL 2016
- 2. SBLT 101 An introduction to the theory and practice of sustainable design and building construction. This course will explore the meaning of sustainability and how it is applied to architectural design and building construction in the context of ecology, economy, and social equity.
- 3. Learning Outcomes Identify the differences between conventional and sustainable construction and design. Communicate effectively on the topics of sustainable design and construction. Understand sustainable design precedents and history of the green building movement. Identify and understand the structure of various green building rating systems. Understand the sustainable design and construction process. Understand the effects of sustainable design and construction both locally and globally. Possess the foundation necessary to enhance your education in both sustainable design and construction. Successfully work in a team and small groups to complete assignments and projects.
- 4. Syllabus Free Student Resources Textbooks Class Calendar Academic Dishonesty Attendance Electronic Devices Homework Disability Services Community Service General Education Portfolio My Contact Info: ◦ 304-553-4910 (cell) ◦ jill.watkins@bridgevalley.edu
- 5. About me B.S. in Interior Design, 1993 NCIDQ Certified, 1997 LEED AP BD+C, 2003 Watkins Design Works, LLC U.S. Green Building Council ◦ WV Chapter Chair
- 6. Introduction Key indicators that the green building movement is here to stay, and not merely a fad: ◦ Green building now dominates the design and construction markets worldwide ◦ Broader awareness of climate change ◦ Green building concepts are imbedded in building codes ◦ Large projects by Google, Apple and others showcase green building
- 7. Vocabulary Sustainable Construction Green Building High-Performance Buildings Systems Thinking Whole-Building Design, Holistic Design Site Design Engineering
- 8. Major Issues Land Resources Energy and Atmosphere Water Issues Ecosystems
- 9. Rationale for green buildings Sustainable construction provides an ethical and practical response to issues of environmental impact and resource consumption. Green buildings virtually always make economic sense on a life cycle cost basis, even though they might be more expensive on a capital or first-cost basis. Sustainable design acknowledges the potential effect of the building, including its operation, on the health of its occupants.
- 10. State and local guidelines Pennsylvania North Carolina New York City Chicago Boston California San Francisco Ohio
- 11. Trends and barriers to green building TRENDS Growth of LEED and the USGBC Strong federal leadership Public and private incentives Expansion of state and local guidelines Industry professionals taking action to educate members and integrate best practices Business capitalizing on green building benefits Advances in green building technology BARRIERS Financial disincentives ◦ Lack of LCC analysis and use ◦ Real and perceived higher first costs ◦ Budget separation between capital and operating costs ◦ Security and sustainability seen as trade-offs ◦ Inadequate funding for public school facilities Insufficient research ◦ Inadequate research funding ◦ Insufficient research on productivity and health
- 12. Green building trends Transparency Carbon accounting Net-zero buildings Building information modeling (BIM) Life-cycle assessment
- 13. 2. Background KIBERT CHAPTER 2 SBLT 101 FALL 2016
- 14. May 9, 2013 CO2 levels reach 400 parts per million for the first time in human history Last time was 800,000 years ago Prior to 1760, CO2 levels averaged 280 ppm By 1958, levels reached 310 ppm Climate change is today’s dominant environmental issue
- 15. Driving forces Destruction of Earth’s environment and ecosystems and enormous increases in population and consumption. Increasing demand for natural resources by both developed and underdeveloped countries. Green building coincides with similar transformations in other industries like manufacturing, tourism, agriculture, medicine, and the public sector.
- 16. Ethics and sustainability Classic definition of sustainability: meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Intergenerational justice Distributional equity The Precautionary Principle The Reversibility Principle Polluter Pays / Producer Responsibility Protecting the vulnerable Rights of the nonhuman world Respect for nature / the land ethic
- 17. Basic concepts and vocabulary Sustainable development Biomimicry Design for the environment Carrying capacity Ecological footprint “Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.” – Our Common Future, 1987
- 18. Basic concepts and vocabulary Biophilia Eco-efficiency Life-cycle assessment Life-cycle costing Embodied Energy
- 19. Basic concepts and vocabulary Biophilia Eco-efficiency Life-cycle assessment Life-cycle costing Embodied Energy
- 20. Basic concepts and vocabulary Biophilia Eco-efficiency Life-cycle assessment Life-cycle costing Embodied Energy Maintenance Costs Operating Costs Disposal Costs Initial Cost Service Costs
- 21. Major environmental concerns Climate change Deforestation, desertification, soil erosion Eutrophication, acidification Loss of biodiversity Toxic substances and endocrine disruptors Depletion of metal stocks
- 22. History of the green building movement Rachel Carsen’s book, Silent Spring, published in 1962 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency was created and the first Earth Day celebrated in 1970 Oil embargo of the early 1970’s sparked discussions of energy efficiency, solar technology, etc. Federal tax credits and government- funded development of new technologies in mid 1970’s New energy standards and building codes late 1970’s The Brundtland Report, Our Common Future, 1987 UN World Commission on Environment and Development American Institute of Architects established Committee on the Environment in 1989 UN Rio Conference, 1992, Conference on Sustainable Development
- 23. History of the green building movement 1985 William McDonough designs office space for the Environmental Defense Fund in NYC 1989 Croxton Collaborative designs office space for the Natural Resources Defense Council in NYC 1992 Croxton Collaborative renovates offices for Audubon Society 1993 Greening of the White House, including renovation of the Old Executive Office Building •Saved about $300k / year in energy costs •Reduced emissions by 845 tons of carbon / year •Significant reductions in costs for water and solid waste management •Spurred other departments to analyze their own sustainability issues: •U.S. Postal Service General Services Administration •Pentagon National Parks Service •Dept. of Energy U.S. Navy 1993 U.S. Green Building Council was formed
- 24. 3. Green Building Assessments KIBERT CHAPTER 4 SBLT 101 FALL 2016
- 25. Assessing green buildings High performance green buildings are defined by the assessment systems that rank and certify them. Buildings are scored by how well they meet the approach required by each assessment system. BREEAM was the first assessment system for buildings, developed in 1990 in the UK LEED 1.0 launched in 1998 Green Globes and the Living Building Challenge in the U.S. Other countries’ assessment systems include: ◦ CASBEE in Japan ◦ Green Star in Australia ◦ DGNB/BNB in Germany ◦ …among others (see page 131)
- 26. Purpose Building assessment systems score or rate the environmental, resource, and health impacts of a building’s design, construction, and operation against criteria established by the rating system. Why go through the process? Publicly promote high performance buildings, increase market demand, increase a building’s market value, and improve occupants’ health and productivity.
- 27. 4. LEED Green Building Rating System KIBERT CHAPTER 5 SBLT 101 FALL 2016
- 28. U.S. Green Building Council Formed in 1993 by David Gottfried, Rick Fedrizzi and Mike Italiano to promote sustainability within the built environment. Mission: To transform the way buidings and communities are designed, built, and operated, enabling an environmentally and socially responsible, healthy, and prosperous envrionmrnt that improves quality of life. Vision: Buildings and communities will regenerate and sustain the health and vitality of all life within a generation.
- 29. U.S. Green Building Council USGBC is a committee-based, membership organization, and focuses on developing consensus among its members and committees. Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) green building rating system formally launched in 2000. In 2008, the Green Building Certification Institute (GBCI) was formed to manage the building certification process and professional credentialing.
- 30. U.S. Green Building Council The USGBC is committed to a prosperous, healthy, and sustainable future through cost-efficient and energy-saving green buildings. USGBC works toward its mission of market transformation through: ◦ LEED Green Building Certification System ◦ A nationwide network of chapters and affiliates ◦ The annual Greenbuild International Conference and Expo ◦ Advocacy in support of public policy that encourages and enables green buildings and communities
- 31. Green building & building codes
- 32. Creative tension
- 33. LEED green building rating system A checklist covering all aspects of building design and construction in 7 categories: ◦ Location and Transportation ◦ Sustainable Sites ◦ Water Efficiency ◦ Energy and Atmosphere ◦ Materials and Resources ◦ Indoor Environmental Quality ◦ Innovation 4 Levels of certification: ◦ Certified = 40-49 points ◦ Silver = 50-59 points ◦ Gold = 60-79 points ◦ Platinum = 80-110 points
- 35. Platinum Gold Silver Certified 0k 7k1k 2k 3k 4k 5k 6k Certification levels in the U.S.
- 37. LEED v4 system goals
- 38. MATERIALS RESOURCES LEED v4 relative credit weighting
- 39. LEED v4 rating systems ◦ LEED BD+C: Building Design & Construction ◦ NC: New Construction ◦ CS: Core & Shell ◦ Retail ◦ Schools ◦ Hospitality ◦ Data Centers ◦ Warehouse & Distribution Centers ◦ Healthcare ◦ LEED EBOM: Existing Building Operations & Maintenance ◦ Existing Buildings ◦ Schools ◦ Retail ◦ Hospitality ◦ Data Centers ◦ Warehouses & Distribution Centers
- 40. LEED v4 rating systems ◦ LEED ID+C: Interior Design & Construction ◦ Commercial Interiors ◦ Retail ◦ Hospitality ◦ LEED Homes: Low-rise residential homes ◦ Single Family ◦ Low-Rise Multi-Family ◦ High-Rise Multi-Family ◦ LEED ND: Neighborhood Development
- 41. Homework Read Kibert Chapters 3 and 7 and LEED pages 33-36