01 Introduction To Dbms
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This document provides an overview of database management systems (DBMS). It discusses the key components of a DBMS including data modeling languages, data structures like records and files, database query languages, and transaction mechanisms. The advantages of using a DBMS are also summarized, such as increased data integrity, security, and productivity through features like concurrency control and logging.
01 Introduction To Dbms
- 2. ITE 3 / ITEP2 19 14
- 3. This c urs c ve the d re a hite ture o the o e o rs iffe nt rc c f re tio l, hie rc a a ne o la na ra hic l, nd tw rks m d ls Othe oe . r to ic to b c ve d a thed s nso d ta a e a lys p s e o re re e ig f a b s , na is o d ta a the d re m na e e is ue o s c f a nd iffe nt a g m nt s s f e urity, inte rity, c nc nc c ntro re o ry, d trib d g o urre e o l, c ve is ute d ta a e o je t-o nte d ta a e a a b s , b c rie d a b s , nd c nt-s rve lie e r te hno g Inc e a a va e to ic o d ta a e c lo y. lud d re d nc d p s n a b s sc e urity, inte rity, c nc nc c ntro a re o ry. A g o urre e o l nd c ve d c s n o d trib d d ta a e is a o inc e a is us io n is ute a b s ls lud d nd b s SQL c m a . a ic o m nd
- 4. 3units–ITE 2 7/ITEP13 2 3
- 5. The s e a e e te to b c m fa ilia w the tud nts re xp c d e o e m r ith d re iffe nt d ta a e a hite ture o the re tio l, a bs rc c f la na hie rc a a ne o m d ls a lyze a d s n ra hic l nd tw rk o e ; na nd e ig d ta a e ; m na e is ue o s c a bss a g s s f e urity, inte rity, g c nc nc c ntro a o urre e o l nd re o ry; d re te c ve iffe ntia d trib d d ta a e w o je t-o nte d ta a e a is ute a b s ith b c rie d a b s nd c nt-s rve d ta a e te hno g a le rn b s SQL lie e r a b s c lo y; nd a a ic cm a . o m nd
- 6. Ins to FOR-IAN V. SANDOVAL truc r: ls u_it@ ya o o p ho .c m fvs nd va ya o o a o l@ ho .c m
- 7. What is a data? p c s o info a n tha re re e the q lita ie e f rm tio t p s nt ua tive or q ntita a ute o ava b o s t o va b s ua tive ttrib s f ria le r e f ria le . d ta (p l o "d tum a typ a the re ults o a lura f a ") re ic lly s f m a ure e a c n b the b s o g p , im g s e s m nts nd a e a is f ra hs a e , o o s rva nso as t o va b s r b e tio f e f ria le . d taa o n vie e a thelo e t le l o a s c n a re fte wd s w s ve f b tra tio fro w h info a n a kno le g a d rive . m hic rm tio nd w d e re e d
- 8. What is a file? a c lle tio o d ta (o o n, o lo ic lly re te o c n f a r, fte f g a la d re o s s re a d a w a as le na e unit. c rd ) to d nd e lt ith s ing , m d
- 9. What is a database? A d ta a eis a s ture c lle tio o re o s o d ta a bs truc d o c n f c rd r a tha iss re in ac m ute s te . t to d o p r ys m A d ta a e is a c lle tio o d ta typ a d s rib a bs o c n f a , ic lly e c ing thea tivitie o o o m rere te o a tio . Fo c s f ne r o la d rg niza ns r e m le the unive ity m ht c nta info a n xa p rs ig o in rm tio a o thefo w : b ut llo ing Entitie s h a s e , fa ulty, c urs s a s uc s tud nts c o e nd c s ro m . la s o s Re tio hip b tw e e la ns s e e n ntitie s h a s e ’ s uc s tud nts e llm nt in c urs s fa ulty te c nro e o e, c a hing c urs s a o e nd theus o ro m fo c urs s e f o s r o e.
- 10. What Is a DBMS? A Database Management System (DBMS) isa s ftw rep c g d s ne to s rea m na e o a a ka e e ig d to nd a g d ta a e . a bss Mo e re l-w rldenterprise. d ls a o Entitie (e ., s e , c urs s s .g tud nts o e ) Re tio hip (e ., Ma o la ns s .g d nnaistakingC 6 ) S5 4
- 12. Files vs. DBMS Ap lic tio m t s g la ed ta e b tw e m in p a n us ta e rg a s ts e e n a m m ry a s c nd ry s ra e(e ., b ring p g - e o nd e o a to g .g uffe , a e o nte a c s , 3 -b a d s ing e .) rie d c e s 2 it d re s , tc Sp c l c d fo d re q rie e ia o e r iffe nt ue s Mus p te t d tafro inc ns te y d to m t ro c a m o is nc ue ultiple c nc nt us rs o urre e C s re o ry ra h c ve Se urity a a c s c ntro c nd c e s o l
- 13. Why Use a DBMS? Da ind p nd nc a e ie a c s . ta e e e e nd ffic nt c e s Re uc d a p a n d ve p e tim . d e p lic tio e lo m nt e Da inte rity a s c ta g nd e urity. Unifo d taa m tra n. rm a d inis tio C nc nt a c s , re o ry fro c s s o urre c e s c ve m ra he .
- 14. ? Why Study Databases?? Shift fro computation toinformation m a the“ we ” s ra b to w b p c (am s !) t lo nd : c m le es ae es a the“ h e ” s ie t hig nd : c ntifica p a ns p lic tio Da s tsinc a ingin d rs a vo e ta e re s ive ity nd lum . Dig l lib rie , inte c ita ra s ra tivevid o Hum n Ge m p je t, e, a no e ro c EOS p je t ro c ... ne d fo DBMS e lo ing e r xp d DBMS e o p s e m s o C nc m a s s o t f S OS, la ua e , the ry, AI, m ng g s o ultim d , lo ic e ia g
- 15. ADVANTAGES OF DBMS Thete p s ntsas nd rd lis o virtues o d ta a e xt re e ta a t f f a bs s te s ys m : 1. Getting more information from the same amount of data 2. Sharing data 3. Balancing conflicting requirement 4. Controlling redundancy 5. Facilitating Consistency 6. Improving integrity - Integrity constraints
- 16. ADVANTAGES OF DBMS Thete p s ntsas nd rd lis o virtues o d ta a e xt re e ta a t f f a bs s te s ys m : 7. Expanding security 8. Increasing Productivity 9. Providing data independence
- 17. DISADVANTAGES OF DBMS Thete p s ntsas nd rd lis o virtues o d ta a e xt re e ta a t f f a bs s te s ys m : 1. Large file size 2. Increase complexity 3. Greater impact of failure 4. More difficult recovery
- 18. DBMS Building Blocks A DBMS inc e fo m in p rts lud s ur a a : modeling language data structure database query language transaction mechanisms:
- 19. Modeling Language A d ta m d ling la ua e to d fine the s he a o a oe ng g e c m f e c d ta a eho te in theDBMS, a c rd to theDBMS ah a bs s d c o ing d ta a em d l. a bs oe hierarchical model network model relation model object model
- 20. Data Structure Da s ture (fie s re o s file a o je ts ta truc s ld , c rd , s nd b c ) o tim d to d a w ve la ea o p ize e l ith ry rg m unts o d ta s re o f a to d n a p rm ne d ta s ra e d vic (w h im lie re tive e a nt a to g e e hic p s la ly s wa c s c m a d to vo tilem in m m ry). lo c e s o p re la a e o
- 21. Database Query Language A d ta a e q ry la ua e a re o w r a w a b s ue ng g nd p rt rite llo s us rsto inte c ly inte g tethed ta a e a lyzeits e ra tive rro a a b s , na d ta a up a it a c rd to the us r’ p a nd d te c o ing e s rivile e o gs n d ta a . It a o c ntro the s c ls o ls e urity o the d ta a e Da f a bs. ta sc e urity p ve una re nts utho d us rs fro vie ing o rize e m w r up a d tingthed ta a e a bs. Us p s w rd , us rs a a w d a c s to the e ing a s o s e re llo e c e s ntire d ta a eo s s tso it c lle subschemas. a b s r ub e f a d
- 22. Transaction Mechanism A d ta a etra a tio m c nis id a g ra e a b s ns c n e ha m e lly ua nte s AC p p rtie in o e toe ured tainte rity d s ite ID ro e s rd r ns a g ep c nc nt us r a c s e (c nc nc c ntro a fa o urre e c e s s o urre y o l), nd ults (fa to ra e ult le nc ). It a om inta theinte rity o thed tain thed ta a e ls a ins g f a a bs. TheDBMS c n m inta theinte rity o thed ta a eb a a in g f a bs y no a w m retha o us r to up a thes m re o t llo ing o n ne e d te a e c rd a thes m tim . t a e e
- 23. Transaction Mechanism TheDBMS c n he p ve d lic tere o sviauniq a lp re nt up a c rd ue ind x c ns ints e o tra ;
- 24. DBMS FEATURES AND CAPABILITIES Fe ture c m o o re b d ta a em na e e a s o m nly ffe d y a b s a g m nt s te sinc e ys m lud : 1. Que Ab ry ility 2 RuleRe rc m nt . info e e 3 C m uta n . o p tio 4 C ng a Ac e sLo g . ha e nd c s g ing 5 Auto a dOp iza n . m te tim tio
- 25. LOGICAL & PHYSICAL VIEW A DBMS m inim s the e p b m b p vid ize s ro le s y ro ing tw vie so thed ta a ed ta alo ic l (e rna vie a o w f a bs a : g a xte l) w nd p ic l (inte l) vie . hys a rna w Lo ic l Vie g a w The lo ic l vie /us r’ vie , o a d ta a e p g m g a w es w f a b s ro ra re re e d ta in a fo a tha is m a p s nts a rm t t e ning to a us r a ful e nd to thes ftw rep g m tha p c s tho ed ta Tha is the o a ro ra s t ro e s s a . t , lo ic l vie te the us r, in us r te s w t is in the g a w lls e e rm , ha d ta a e a bs.
- 26. LOGICAL & PHYSICAL VIEW P ic l Vie hys a w The p ic l vie d a w the a tua p ic l hys a w e ls ith c l, hys a a ng m nt a lo a n o d tain thed c a c s s ra e rra e e nd c tio f a ire t c e s to g d vic s (DASDs Da b s s e ia ts us the p ic l e e ). ta a e p c lis e hys a vie to m ke e ie us o s ra e a p c s ing w a ffic nt e f to g nd ro e s re o e . s urc s
- 27. LOGICAL & PHYSICAL VIEW One s ng o a DBMS is tha w tre th f t hile the is o re nly o p ic l vie o the d ta the c n b a e le s ne hys a w f a , re a e n nd s num e o d re lo ic l vie s b r f iffe nt g a w .
- 28. LOGICAL & PHYSICAL VIEW Tra itio l Vie o Da d na w f ta
- 29. META-DATA REPOSITORY Me d ta is d ta d s rib ta a a e c ing d ta Fo e m le a a . r xa p , listing tha d s rib s w t a ute a a w d to b in t e c e ha ttrib s re llo e e d ta s tsisc lle "m ta a e a d e -info a n". Them ta a isa o rm tio e -d ta ls kno n a d taa o d ta w s a b ut a .
- 30. Examples of Data Management Ad va a s Ad p a tiveSe r Ente ris rve rp e Alp Five ha Co p m uthink’ Vie W e s w is Da d DB ffo il Da Ea e ta s File ke Ma r Fire ird b IBM DB2 IBM UniVe ers
- 31. Examples of Data Management Ing s re Info ix rm InterSys mC c te a he Ke xi Linte SQL RDBMS r Ma Lo ic rk g Mic s ft Ac e s ro o cs Mic s ft SQL Se r ro o rve Mic s ft Vis l Fo ro ro o ua xp Mo tDB ne
- 32. Examples of Data Management MySQL Op nLink Virtuo o e s Op nOffic .o Ba e e e rg s Ora leDa b s c ta a e P s re o tg SQL P g s ro re s SQL Anyw re he SQLite Te d ta ra a Ve aAna rtic lyticDa b s ta a e