1. Hazard and operability
Hazard and operability
study
study
Submitted to:
Dr.C.RAJASHEKARAN
Asst. Professor
Dept. of Civil Engineering NITK
Surathkal.
Submitted by:
J.PRUDHVI
15CM11F
Mtech-1st
year, CTM
Dept. of Civil Engineering
NITK
4. Introduction
Introduction
HAZOP: HAZard and OPerability study; ICI Chemicals, UK, ‘70
Aim: ‘identifying potential hazards and operability problems
caused by deviations from the design intent of both new and
existing process plants’
5. Introduction
Introduction
HAZOP: HAZard and OPerability study
Aim: ‘identifying potential hazards and operability problems
caused by deviations from the design intent of both new and
existing process plants’
Heating installation
Radiation therapy machine
Electron
accelerator
6. Introduction
Introduction
HAZOP: HAZard and OPerability study
Aim: ‘identifying potential hazards and operability problems
caused by deviations from the design intent of both new and
existing process plants’
Railway crossing Aircraft control system
7. Introduction
Introduction
HAZOP: HAZard and OPerability study
Aim: ‘identifying potential hazards and operability problems
caused by deviations from the design intent of both new and
existing process plants’
Existing New
8. Introduction
Introduction
HAZOP: HAZard and OPerability study
Aim: ‘identifying potential hazards and operability problems
caused by deviations from the design intent of both new and
existing process plants’
Heating installation
Radiation therapy machine
Electron
accelerator
~ 200 rad up to 50 o
C
9. Introduction
Introduction
HAZOP: HAZard and OPerability study
Aim: ‘identifying potential hazards and operability problems
caused by deviations from the design intent of both new and
existing process plants’.
Therac-25 accident
Electron
accelerator
15 000 rad
Heating installation
90 o
C
Auch!
10. Introduction
Introduction
HAZOP: HAZard and OPerability study
Aim: ‘identifying potential hazards and operability problems
caused by deviations from the design intent of both new and
existing process plants’
Heating installation
90 o
C
Electron
accelerator
15 000 rad
Radiation therapy machine
H.= A set of conditions that can lead to an accident
11. Introduction
Introduction
HAZOP: HAZard and OPerability study
Aim: ‘identifying potential hazards and operability problems
caused by deviations from the design intent of both new and
existing process plants’
Oh God!
12. Introduction
Introduction
HAZOP: HAZard and OPerability study
Aim: ‘identifying potential hazards and operability problems
caused by deviations from the design intent of both new and
existing process plants’
The computer
doesn’t work!
13. Introduction
Introduction
HAZOP: HAZard and OPerability study; ICI Chemicals, UK, ‘70
Aim: ‘identifying potential hazards and operability problems
caused by deviations from the design intent of both new and
existing process plants’
Performed by a team of
multidisciplinary experts.
16. Keywords
Keywords
Primary keywords: a particular aspect of a design intent
(a process condition or parameter).
Safety: Operability:
Flow Isolate
Temperature Start-up
Pressure Shutdown
Level Maintain
Corrode Inspect
Absorb Drain
Erode Purge
... ...
Can corrosion be
a design intent?
17. Keywords
Keywords
Secondary keywords: possible deviations (problems)
No
No
Less
More
Reverse
Also
Other
Fluctuation
Early
Late
No
No: The design intent is almost eliminated (blocked)
or unachievable.
Examples:
Flow/No
18. Keywords
Keywords
Secondary keywords: possible deviations (problems)
No
Less
Less
More
Reverse
Also
Other
Fluctuation
Early
Late
Less
Less: Value of a parameter described by a primary
keyword is less than expected.
Examples:
Flow/Less
Temperature/Less
19. Keywords
Keywords
Secondary keywords: possible deviations (problems)
No
Less
More
More
Reverse
Also
Other
Fluctuation
Early
Late
More
More: The parameter value is greater than expected.
Examples:
Temperature/More
Pressure/More
20. Keywords
Keywords
Secondary keywords: possible deviations (problems)
No
Less
More
Reverse
Also
Other
Fluctuation
Early
Late
Are all combinations
of keywords meaningful?
Temperature/No ???
Corrode/Reverse ???
22. Methodology – Report format
Methodology – Report format
Deviation Cause Consequence Safeguards Action
E.g.
Flow/No
Potential
cause of the
deviation
Consequences
of the cause
and the
deviation itself
Any existing
devices that
prevent the
cause or
make its
consequeces
less painful
Actions to
remove the
cause or
mitigate the
conse-
quences
23. Methodology – The process
Methodology – The process
Select a section of the plant
For each primary keyword relevant for the plant:
For each relevant secondary keyword:
Think of significant consequences and record them;
Record any safeguards identified;
Think of any necessary actions and record them;
For each discovered cause for the deviation
Deviation Cause Consequence Safeguards Action
Flow/No Problem...
24. The HAZOP team
The HAZOP team
Optimal: 6 people
Maximum: 9 people
Equal representation of
customer and supplier
Experts from a range of
disciplines
Team composition: questions
raised during the meeting should
be answered immediately.1
Chairman and secretary
25. Preparatory work
Preparatory work
1. Assemble the data
2. Understand the subject
3. Subdivide the plant and plan the sequence
4. Mark-up the drawings
5. Devise a list of appropriate keywords
6. Prepare table headings and an agenda
7. Prepare a timetable
8. Select the team
26. The report
The report
• Scope of the study
• Brief description of the process under study
• Keyword combinations and their meanings
• Description of the Action File (contains Action
Response Sheets reporting on the actions
performed to reduce the risks; initially empty)
• General comments (what was unavailable or
not reviewed, what the team was assured of)
• Results (the number of recommended actions)
27. Summary
Summary
HAZOP is a structured
HAZOP is a structured
brainstorming method for risk
brainstorming method for risk
analysis.
analysis.
This is applicable to existing and
new plants
Identifies all possible hazards and
operational problems
Report is prepared and action is
taken to rectify the situation
Used by: UK Ministry of Defence,
Used by: UK Ministry of Defence,
Motorola, chemical companies, etc.
Motorola, chemical companies, etc.
![Reference
Reference
[Lihou03]
[Lihou03] Mike Lihou, Hazard & Operability
Mike Lihou, Hazard & Operability
Studies, Lihou Technical & Software Services,
Studies, Lihou Technical & Software Services,
www.lihoutech.com/hzp1frm.htm, 3.06.2003.
, 3.06.2003.
](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/03mod-b-hazop-250317110705-24250f60/85/03mod-b-hazop-details-and-how-it-takes-ppt-28-320.jpg)
