![DOSAGE COMPUTATIONS
ā¢ Example:
ā¢ Start venoclysis with D5 0.9 NaCl 1 L to be infused for 16 hours. How
many mL of the IV
fl
uid should you infuse per hour?
IV RATE COMPUTATION: ML PER HOUR OR MINUTE
fluids in terms of mL per hour or mL per
minute:
ā¢ ML per hour or minute =
Total IV Volume
Time (Hour or Minute)
ā¢ Start venoclysis with D5 0.9 NaCl 1 L
infused for 16 hours. How many mL o
fluid should you infuse per hour?
ā¢ 1 L Ć· 16 hours = mL per hour
[1 L x 1,000]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/05-dosagecomputationsrevised-241107123228-17fdf36b/85/05-Dosage-Computations-of-Drugs-Revised-pdf-34-320.jpg)
![DOSAGE COMPUTATIONS
ā¢ Example:
ā¢ The physician orders to start venoclysis with D5 0.3 NaCl 1 L solution. The IV
fl
uid
will be infused for 14 hours and the drop factor of the macrodrip used is 20. It
should be regulated to how many drops per minute?
IV RATE COMPUTATION: DROPS PER MINUTE
minute
Calculating for drops per minute is simple with
ollowing formula:
ā Drops Per Minute =
Total IV Volume
Time (Minute)
x Drop Factor
ample
The physician orders to start venoclysis with D5 0.3 NaC
solution. The IV fluid will be infused for 14 hours and the
actor of the macrodrip used is 20. It should be regulated to
many drops per minute?
ā Drops Per Minute =
[1 L x 1,000]
[14 hours x 60]
x 20
The DROP FACTOR is de
fi
ned as the number of drops in one mL of solution. It is usually given in the macroset
tubings [in usually gtts/mL] (it is printed on the IV tubing package), and is therefore a constant numerical value.
Macroset Tubing = 20 gtts/mL
Microset Tubing = 60gtts/mL](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/05-dosagecomputationsrevised-241107123228-17fdf36b/85/05-Dosage-Computations-of-Drugs-Revised-pdf-35-320.jpg)
05 - Dosage Computations of Drugs (Revised).pdf
- 1. COMPUTATION OF DRUG DOSAGES FOR PATIENTS Prepared by: Renz Victor T. Guangco, M.D. NCM 106: PHARMACOLOGY
- 2. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS ā¢ FLOW RATE: is the volume per unit time usually expressed as ml/hr. can be ml/min or ml/sec ā¢ DRIP RATE: is the number of drops per unit time usually expressed as drops/min(dpm) ā¢ DOSE: amount of drug per unit time given to the patient expressed as mg/min, g/hr or IU/min ā¢ CONCENTRATION: amount of the drug in a given volume usually expressed as mg/ml, g/l or mIU/ml ā¢ DROP FACTOR: is the number of drops per unit volume. Expressed as drops/ml ā¢ TITRATION: adjustment of the IV medication dosage within prescribed parameters to achieve a desired e ff ects.
- 3. MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS ā¢ Three main types ā¢ Apothecary (old system) ā¢ Household ā¢ Metric (most common, accurate system)
- 4. MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS ā¢ The apothecariesā system is one of the oldest systems of measurement, older than the metric system and is considered to be out of date. ā¢ The basic units used in this system are the grain (gr) for weight, minim for volume, ounce, and pound. All of which are seldomly used in the clinical setting. ā¢ Quantities in the apothecariesā system are often expressed by lowercase Roman numerals when the unit of measure is abbreviated. And the unit of measure precedes the quantity. Quantities less than 1 are expressed as fractions. ā¢ Examples: āgr iiā, āgr Ā¼ ā APOTHECARY SYSTEM
- 5. MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS ā¢ The most widely used international system of measurement. ā¢ The basic units of metric measures are the gram (weight), meter (length or distance), and liter (volume). ā¢ It is a decimal-based system that is logically organized into units of 10. Basic units are multiplied or divided by 10 to form secondary units. METRIC SYSTEM
- 6. MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS ā¢ Household system measures may be used when more accurate systems of measure are not required. ā¢ Included units are drops, teaspoons, tablespoons, cups, pint, and glasses. HOUSEHOLD SYSTEM
- 7. MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS VOLUME Metric Apothecary Household 4000ml 1gal(4qt) 1L (1000ml) 1qt (2pt) 500ml 1pt (16fl oz) 240ml 8 oz 1 glass/measuring cup 180ml 6oz 1 teacup 30ml 1 oz (8 dr) 2 tbsp 15ml Ā½ oz (4 dr) 1 tbsp (tablespoon) 5ml 1 dr (60M) 1 tsp (Teaspoon) 1ml 15 M 15 gtt 1 M(minim) 1 gtt(drop) 180mL 6 oz 1 teacup WEIGHT 60-65 mg 1 gr - 1 g (1000mg) 15gr - 1kg (1000g) - 2.2 ib 1mg (1000mcg) - - LENGTH 2.5cm - 1 inch
- 8. METHODS OF CALCULATION ā¢ Various methods are used for solving medication calculation ā¢ The most common methods are: ā¢ Formula ā¢ Proportion ā¢ Dimensional Analysis ā¢ No one method is best for solving every type of problem. Several good approaches are available, however and one of the best is dimensional analysis ā¢ Rule #1 in drug calculations - STICK TO ONE METHOD!
- 9. METHODS OF CALCULATION ā¢ Various methods are used for solving medication calculation ā¢ The most common methods are: ā¢ Formula ā¢ Proportion ā¢ Dimensional Analysis ā¢ No one method is best for solving every type of problem. Several good approaches are available, however and one of the best is dimensional analysis ā¢ Rule #1 in drug calculations - STICK TO ONE METHOD!
- 10. ROUTES OF ADMINISTRATION ā¢ IMā Intramuscular ā¢ IOā Intraosseous ā¢ IVā Intravenous ā¢ IVPā Intravenous Push ā¢ ID ā Intradermal ā¢ IN ā Intranasal ā¢ IP ā Intraperitoneal ā¢ IT ā Intrathecal ā¢ IVPB ā Intravenous piggyback ā¢ p.o ā By mouth ā¢ SC / SubQ ā Subcutaneous ā¢ SL ā Sublingual ā¢ top. ā Topical ā¢ vag. ā Vaginally
- 11. MEASUREMENTS ā¢ kg ā kilogram ā¢ gm ā gram ā¢ mg ā milligram ā¢ mcg ā microgram ā¢ mEq - milliequivalent ā¢ L ā liter ā¢ mL ā milliliter ā¢ Āµg ā microgram ā¢ gtt ā drop ā¢ Āµgtt ā micro drop ā¢ tbsp ā tablespoon ā¢ tsp ā teaspoon ā¢ mg/dL ā milligrams per deciliter
- 12. BODY SURFACE AREA ā¢ Use either a normogram chart to fi nd the body surface area
- 13. RECOMMENDED VOLUME OF ADMINISTRATION PER BODY SITE ā¢ Intradermal = 0.1 - 0.5 ml (allergy testing) ā¢ Subcutaneous injection = 0.5 - 1.0 ml per site ā¢ Intramuscular injection = 2.5 - 3.0 ml per site (1 ml in the deltoid) ā¢ IV injection (IV push) = 1 ā 60 ml
- 14. CONVERSIONS ā¢ gr 1 = 60 mg ā¢ gr 15 = 1 g ā¢ 2.54 cm = 1 in ā¢ 2.2 lb = 1 kg SOLID CONVERSIONS
- 15. CONVERSIONS ā¢ 30 mL = 1 oz ā¢ 1 tsp = 5 mL ā¢ 1 standard measuring cup = 240 mL LIQUID CONVERSIONS
- 16. CONVERSIONS ā¢ mcg ā mg ā g ā kg ( x by 1,000 ) ā¢ mcg ā mg ā g ā kg ( Ć· by 1,000 ) ā¢ lb ā kg ( x by 2.2 ) ā¢ lb ā kg ( Ć· by 2.2 ) MASS CONVERSIONS
- 17. CONVERSIONS ā¢ mcL ā mL ā L ā kL ( x by 1,000 ) ā¢ mcL ā mL ā L ā kL ( Ć· by 1,000 ) VOLUME CONVERSIONS
- 18. CONVERSIONS ā¢ min ā hr ( x by 60 ) ā¢ min ā hr ( Ć· by 60 ) TIME CONVERSIONS
- 19. CONVERSIONS ā¢ Medication orders often use Centigrade temperature. ā¢ The relationship of centigrade 0C and Fahrenheit 0F degrees is ā¢ To convert from Fahrenheit to Centigrade, use this formula: ā¢ Ā°C = (Ā°F ā 32) Ć· 1.8 ā¢ Ā°C = (Ā°F ā 32) Ć· 9/5 or (Ā°F ā 32)/1.8 ā¢ To convert from Centigrade to Fahrenheit, use this formula: ā¢ Ā°F = (Ā°C Ć 1.8) + 32 ā¢ Ā°F = (Ā°C Ć 9/5 ) + 32 or (Ā°C Ć 1.8 ) + 32 TEMPERATURE CONVERSIONS
- 22. INTRAVENOUS FLUIDS & TUBINGS
- 23. INTRAVENOUS FLUIDS & TUBINGS
- 24. INTRAVENOUS FLUIDS & TUBINGS
- 25. INTRAVENOUS FLUIDS & TUBINGS
- 26. INTRAVENOUS FLUIDS & TUBINGS
- 27. DOSAGE COMPUTATIONS ā¢ Example: ā¢ The physician orders 600mg of Paracetamol to the patient. The available preparation of the drug is 250mg per 5mL. How much would you give your patient then? THE STANDARD METHOD ā¢ Where in: ā¢ D = Desired dose or dose ordered by the primary care provider. ā¢ H = dose on hand or dose on the label of bottle, vial, ampule. ā¢ V = vehicle or the form in which the drug comes (i.e., tablet or liquid).
- 28. DOSAGE COMPUTATIONS ā¢ Other Sample Problems: ā¢ The doctor writes an order for a liquid oral medication. The order says to administer 17 mg by mouth every 4 hours as needed for sore throat. Pharmacy dispenses you with 30 mg/3ml. How many ml will you administer per dose? ā¢ The doctor writes an order a liquid oral medication. The order says to administer 28 grams by mouth BID. Pharmacy dispenses you with 10 gram/15 ml. How many ml will you administer per dose? ā¢ The doctor writes an order for a medication. The order says to administer 12.5 mg PO BID. Pharmacy dispenses you with 6.25 mg tablets. How many tablets do you administer with this dose? THE STANDARD METHOD
- 29. DOSAGE COMPUTATIONS ā¢ Other Sample Problems: ā¢ Sophia, a 5 year old female, was prescribed a Cetirizine syrup for her allergic rash. She was then ordered to take 2.3 mL ODHS. What would the dosage equivalent be in milligrams if the Cetirizine syrup preparation is 5mg/5mL? THE STANDARD METHOD
- 30. DOSAGE COMPUTATIONS ā¢ Example: ā¢ The physician of patient Samantha prescibred Digoxin tablets for her heart failure. She was advised to take 0.25mg daily. However, the local pharmacy only has a preparation of 0.125 mg/tab. How much tablet would the patient take? THE RATIO-AND-PROPORTION METHOD ā¢ Where in: ā¢ D = Desired dose or dose ordered by the primary care provider. ā¢ H = dose on hand or dose on the label of bottle, vial, ampule. ā¢ V = vehicle or the form in which the drug comes (i.e., tablet or liquid). ā¢ X = amount to administer
- 31. DOSAGE COMPUTATIONS ā¢ Example: ā¢ Orders 1,500 mg of calcium carbonate for the patient. The drug is available in 250 mg tablets. How many tablets should be given to the patient? TABLET COMPUTATIONS alculating tablet dosages, the follow mula is useful Number of tablets = !"#$%"& &'#()" #*'+, #*%"-)*. le:- 1,500 mg of calcium carbonate f . The drug is available in 250 mg tablet
- 32. DOSAGE COMPUTATIONS ā¢ Example: ā¢ The doctor orders 375 mg of Cefuroxime for the patient. The drug is available in 750 mg vial in a 10 mL solution. You plan to dilute it in 10 mL of sterile water. How much should you give to your patient? MIXTURES AND SOLUTIONS COMPUTATIONS Calculating Mixtures and Solutions The following formula is useful in calculating mixtures and solutions: Amount of solution to be given= !"#$%"& &'#()" #*'+, #*%"-)*. x Stock volume The orders 375 mg of cefuroxime for the patient. The drug is available in 750 mg vial. You plan to dilute it in 10 mL of sterile water. How much should you give to your patient? ā¢ Amount of solution to be given = /01 2) 013 2) x 10 ml ā¢ = 0.5 mg x 10 ml = 5 ml
- 33. DOSAGE COMPUTATIONS IV RATE COMPUTATION: BASIC CONSIDERATION
- 34. DOSAGE COMPUTATIONS ā¢ Example: ā¢ Start venoclysis with D5 0.9 NaCl 1 L to be infused for 16 hours. How many mL of the IV fl uid should you infuse per hour? IV RATE COMPUTATION: ML PER HOUR OR MINUTE fluids in terms of mL per hour or mL per minute: ā¢ ML per hour or minute = Total IV Volume Time (Hour or Minute) ā¢ Start venoclysis with D5 0.9 NaCl 1 L infused for 16 hours. How many mL o fluid should you infuse per hour? ā¢ 1 L Ć· 16 hours = mL per hour [1 L x 1,000]
- 35. DOSAGE COMPUTATIONS ā¢ Example: ā¢ The physician orders to start venoclysis with D5 0.3 NaCl 1 L solution. The IV fl uid will be infused for 14 hours and the drop factor of the macrodrip used is 20. It should be regulated to how many drops per minute? IV RATE COMPUTATION: DROPS PER MINUTE minute Calculating for drops per minute is simple with ollowing formula: ā Drops Per Minute = Total IV Volume Time (Minute) x Drop Factor ample The physician orders to start venoclysis with D5 0.3 NaC solution. The IV fluid will be infused for 14 hours and the actor of the macrodrip used is 20. It should be regulated to many drops per minute? ā Drops Per Minute = [1 L x 1,000] [14 hours x 60] x 20 The DROP FACTOR is de fi ned as the number of drops in one mL of solution. It is usually given in the macroset tubings [in usually gtts/mL] (it is printed on the IV tubing package), and is therefore a constant numerical value. Macroset Tubing = 20 gtts/mL Microset Tubing = 60gtts/mL
- 36. DOSAGE COMPUTATIONS ā¢ Example: ā¢ A patient has 350 mL of Plain 0.9 NaCl solution as IV infusion regulated at 20 drops per minute. Drop factor 10 was used for the patientās macrodrip set. Considering the IV fl uid level of the patient, for how many minutes will it run? IV RATE COMPUTATION: REMAINING TIME OF INFUSION Calculate IV Rate ā Remaining Time of Infusion ā¢ Calculating for the remaining time of infusion for a certain IV fluid is possible with the following formula: ā¢ Minutes Remaining = Volume remaining (in ml) Drops per minute x Drop Factor Example ā¢ A patient has 350 mL of Plain 0.9 NaCl solution as IV infusion regulated at 20 drops per minute. Drop factor 10 was used for the patientās macrodrip set. Considering the IV fluid level of the patient, for how many minutes will it run? ā¢ Minutes Remaining = 350 mL 20 Drops per minute x 10
- 37. DOSAGE COMPUTATIONS ā¢ Other Sample Problems: ā¢ The doctor writes an order to infuse a solution. The order reads: "Infuse 1500 mL over 12 hours". The drip factor is 15 gtt/mL. How many drops per minute (gtts/min) will be administered? ā¢ The doctor writes an order to infuse a solution. The order reads: "Infuse 300 mL over 6 hours". What is the hourly rate (mL/hr)? ā¢ The doctor writes an order to infuse a solution. The order reads: "Infuse 650 mL over 6 hours. The drip factor is 10 gtt/mL. How many drops per minute (gtts/min) will be administered? ā¢ A patient was started on Norepinephrine drip: 8mg of Norepinephrine in 250cc of PNSS running at a rate of 15 cc/hr. Your shift is about to end and you have noticed that there is still an approximate amount of 150 mL of the solution you prepared. If you are to hando ff the patient to your colleague, you would ask her to prepare another solution in a matter of how many minutes from the the initial time as of the moment? The macroset drop factor is 20 gtts/mL. IV RATE COMPUTATION: DROPS PER MINUTE
- 38. DOSAGE COMPUTATIONS During this day, 08/20/2023 at 07:00AM, Dr. Ivy ordered the following for her 2.3kg neonate that is currently admitted at the NICU for Neonatal Sepsis: IVF: D5NSS 500 mL x 10gtts/min Medications: Ampicillin at 50mg/kg/day q6 () ANST Gentamycin at 5mg/kg/day q8 Paracetamol at 10mg/kg/dose q4 PRN for Temp >/= 37.8āC 1. If you are about to use a micro set tubing for the neonate, what is the current fl ow rate? 2. How long would it take for the current IV fl uid to be fully consumed? 3. How much Ampicillin should you give your patient per dose due administration? 4. If the available Ampicillin preparation at your hospital is a 250mg vial and you are to dilute it with 5cc of PNSS, how much would you give your patient per due dose? 5. How much Gentamycin should you give your patient per dose due administration? 6. If the available Gentamycin preparation at your hospital is an 80mg/2ml vial, how much would you give your patient per due dose? 7. How much Paracetamol should you give your patient per dose due administration? 8. If the available Paracetamol preparation at your hospital is a 10mg/ml 100mL vial, how much would you give your patient per due dose? 9. In the middle of your shift, the baby suddenly underwent cardiac arrest. Your companion immediately started chest compressions and you immediately called Dr. Ivy. She said that while sheās on her way, start to give Epinephrine at 0.01mg/kg/dose per cycle. If the available stock ampule is at 1mg/mL, how much would you give per cycle? IV FLUID RATES AND TIME CONSUMPTION SAMPLE PROBLEMS
- 39. DOSAGE COMPUTATIONS The doctor ordered a Norepinephrine drip to patient Y for BP control due to septic shock after fl uid resuscitation. Patientās estimated body weight is 72 kg. To start Norepinephrine Drip: 8mg Norepinephrine + 100cc PNSS via Soluset at 0.3mkm, titrate +/- 2cc/hr to maintain a blood pressure of >/= 90/60 mmHg. 1. What is the infusion rate of the patient? 2. If the solusetās drop factor is 20 gtts/mL, how many drops per minute should be delivered to the patient. 3. Provided that the current solution was able to maintain the patientās blood pressure, how long would the whole solution last? IV FLUID RATES AND TIME CONSUMPTION SAMPLE PROBLEMS
- 40. DOSAGE COMPUTATIONS The doctor ordered a Dobutamine Drip for patient A, a 65-year-old male, currently GCS 3 (E1V1M1), for BP control in addition to the already hooked Norepinephrine drip. The patientās estimated body weight is 55kg. As ordered: To start Norepinephrine Drip: 16mg Norepinephrine + 100cc PNSS via Soluset at 1 mcg/kg/min, titrate +/- 2cc/hr to maintain a blood pressure of >/= 90/60 mmHg. To start Dobutamine Drip: 500mg Dobutamine + 250 cc D5W at 5 mcg/kg/min, titrate +/- 5cc/hr to maintain a blood pressure of >/= 90/60 mmHg. 1. What is the infusion rate of the patientās Norepinephrine? 2. If the solusetās drop factor is 20 gtts/mL, how many drops per minute of the Norepinephrine solution should be delivered to the patient? 3. Provided that the current Norepinephrine drip was able to maintain the patientās blood pressure, how long would the whole solution last? 4. What is the infusion rate of the patientās Dobutamine? 5. If the macrosetās drop factor is 20 gtts/mL, how many drops per minute of the Dobutamine solution should be delivered to the patient? 6. Provided that the current Dobutamine drip was able to maintain the patientās blood pressure, how long would the whole solution last? IV FLUID RATES AND TIME CONSUMPTION SAMPLE PROBLEMS
- 41. DOSAGE COMPUTATIONS Patient XX was rushed to the emergency room due to chest pain radiating to the jaw. An ECG was done which showed ST depressions on leads V5 and V6, the physician on duty therefore diagnosed him with a Lateral Wall Infarct, Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI) variant. After stabilization, the physician ordered a Nitroglycerin Drip: 10mg NTG (10mg/10mL) + 90cc PNSS to form a 100 mL solution to run initially at 10mcg/min, to titrate +/- 5 mL/hr until the patient is free of chest pain. The drop factor of the soluset is 20 gtts/mL. The patientās estimated body weight is 65kg. You had hooked it at the ER at 09/21, 08:00PM. 1. What is the drip rate of the patient in this case? 2. Before you had transferred the patient into the ICU, you had noticed that there is still 80mL left of the Nitroglycerin drip. If you are to endorse it to the ICU nurse, at what time exact time would you tell her to check for the complete consumption of the solution? IV FLUID RATES AND TIME CONSUMPTION SAMPLE PROBLEMS
- 42. DOSAGE COMPUTATIONS Patient C had Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Bleeding and was ordered Omeprazole Drip by her physician to run at a desired 8 cc/hr, 40mg Omeprazole + 90 cc PNSS to complete 100 cc solution to run for 3 cycles. The fi rst cycle was hooked at 04/07, 09:30AM. 1. What is the drip rate of the patient in this case? 2. At what time will you hook his next Omeprazole cycle? IV FLUID RATES AND TIME CONSUMPTION SAMPLE PROBLEMS
- 43. DOSAGE COMPUTATIONS Patient XY suddenly had AF in RVR, the Internist then decided to push 150mg bolus of Amiodarone TSIVP, after which, he then ordered an Amiodarone drip: 900mg Amiodarone + 500 mL D5W to run at 1 mg/min. The patientās current weight prior to ward admission is 55.6 kg. 1. What is the drip rate of the patient in this case? 2. If you had started hooking his Amiodarone drip at 05/16, 07:30PM, at what time would you expect for the whole solution to be fully consumed? IV FLUID RATES AND TIME CONSUMPTION SAMPLE PROBLEMS
- 44. DOSAGE COMPUTATIONS PEDIATRIC DRUG COMPUTATIONS
- 45. DOSAGE COMPUTATIONS PEDIATRIC DOSAGES ā¢ Example: ā¢ Ian Carlo, a 7 year old 15.5 kg male, was prescribed oral Cefuroxime every 8 hours for 7 days. If the normal adult dose is 500mg/tab, how much would the patient take per day in milligrams? How much tablet would he then take considering the only available drug dosage preparation?
- 46. DOSAGE COMPUTATIONS PEDIATRIC DRUG COMPUTATIONS The average body surface area for an adult=1.73m2 Hence !"#$ %"& 'ā$ )ā*+, = #.&%/)$ /&$/ "% )ā*+, 1.7352 Ć /,.+' ,"# 1. Calculation base on body weight: A. Clarkās rule !"#$ = 7' *8 +9 150+9 Ć /,.+' ,"#$(5=) !"#$ = 7' *8 ?= 70?= Ć /,.+' ,"#$(5=) The rule is applicable only when child dose is less than 150lb or 70kg
- 47. DOSAGE COMPUTATIONS PEDIATRIC DRUG COMPUTATIONS
- 48. DOSAGE COMPUTATIONS PEDIATRIC DOSAGES ā¢ Example: ā¢ Arthur, a 5 year old child, was prescribed with Amoxicillin, an antibiotic for his āskin infectionā. He currently weighs 19.2 kilograms. If the available drug preparation in the pharmacy is 250mg/5ml in a 60 mL syrup, how much would the patient take if he is advised to take the medication every 8 hours at a therapeutic dosage of 30mg/kg/day?
- 49. DOSAGE COMPUTATIONS PEDIATRIC DOSAGES ā¢ Example: ā¢ Amanda, a 3 year old female, is currently admitted at the pediatric ward due to her cellulitis. Her doctor ordered Ampicillin 315 mg TIV q6 ( ) ANST. The available stock is a 250mg vial with a 5ml sterile water diluent in the packaging. How many mL would you give her every due time of her medication?
- 50. DOSAGE COMPUTATIONS INTRAVENOUS DRIPS: GENERAL FORMULA
- 51. DOSAGE COMPUTATIONS INTRAVENOUS DRIPS: GENERAL FORMULA ā¢ Example: ā¢ The physician ordered a Norepinephrine drip for his septic patient at the ICU. With the estimated body weight of 65 kg for his patient, he ordered a Norepinephrine drip: 8mg of Norepinephrine + 90cc of PNSS via Soluset at initially 0.3 mkm. The available preparation at the E-Cart is 1mg/ml 4ml ampule of Norepinephrine. At what fl ow rate would the initial solution run upon initiation?
- 52. DOSAGE COMPUTATIONS IV FLUID THERAPY: THE HOLIDAY AND SEGAR METHOD
- 53. DOSAGE COMPUTATIONS INTRAVENOUS DRIPS: GENERAL FORMULA ā¢ Example: ā¢ What would be the maintenance rate of the 1L PNSS solution of a 32 year old patient if the patient currently weighs 43.2 kg?
- 54. DOSAGE COMPUTATIONS INTRAVENOUS DRIPS: GENERAL FORMULA ā¢ Example: ā¢ Danica, a 8 year-old patient, is currently admitted at the ward due to herpangina. He was then ordered by his pediatrician to be hooked to D5NSS to run at maintenance rate. If the patient currently weighs 17.2 kg, what is then her hourly maintenance rate?
- 55. END Sources: ā¢Pharmacology, A Patient-Centered Nursing Process Approach, 11th Ed. by Mcquiston et. al. ā¢Katzung Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, 16th Ed.