1 - Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Reglect PP.pdf
- 1. Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect (CAAN) 1 Revised 07/01/2016
- 2. Icons Several icons are used throughout this course as a visual reference. This icon represents a new topic in the text. This is a visual cue for you to answer any questions about the previous section before moving along to the next one. This icon is used to identify an exercise that involves in-class practices and feedback. This icon is used to identify a specially designed activity that requires active class participation. This icon is used to identify a section that is accompanied by a video. Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 2
- 3. Icons This icon is used to identify a key point in the material. This icon is used to identify an online resource. You will need a computer with an internet connection to view these resources. This icon is used to identify an exercise that involves a role-playing scenario. This icon is used to identify an activity that requires you to reflect on the information taught in the course by asking you a question. The answers to these questions will require you to think about your role as a child care professional and may influence your actions. Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 3
- 4. Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect Module 1: Identifying Child Abuse and Neglect Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 4
- 5. Module Goal and Learning Objectives Goal Participants will be able to identify the signs, symptoms, and indicators of child abuse and neglect. Learning Objectives After successfully completing this module, you will be able to: • Identify and define terms associated with child abuse and neglect • Identify common physical and behavioral indicators of child abuse and neglect • Explain causes and risk factors of child abuse and neglect • Identify effects of child abuse and neglect PG – 1 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 5
- 6. Your Role in Identifying Child Abuse and Neglect Child abuse and neglect can occur in families of any socioeconomic status. It can also occur out of the home, including in child care programs. It is more prevalent than you may think, and you may be the only person in a position to intervene. You not only have a moral obligation to intervene, but you have a legal obligation to report it. For more information about child abuse and neglect, you can call the Florida Coalition Against Domestic Violence at 1-800-500-1119 or the Florida Council Against Sexual Violence at 1-888-956-7273 to be connected to a local hotline. PG – 2 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 6
- 7. Activity: Childhelp USA’s® Pre-Quiz 1. Three children die as a result of child abuse in the home in the United States each a) Year b) Day c) Week d) Month 2. How many people report child abuse when faced with an actual situation? a) 3/4 b) 1/2 c) 1/3 7 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect PG – 2-3
- 8. Activity: Childhelp USA’s® Pre-Quiz 3. What is the single, leading cause of death for children ages four and younger? a) Drowning b) Motor vehicle accidents c) Child abuse and neglect d) Choking on food e) Residential fires f) Suffocation g) Falls 8 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect PG – 2-3
- 9. Activity: Childhelp USA’s® Pre-Quiz 4) On average, child abuse is reported somewhere in the United States every: a) 10 seconds b) 20 minutes c) Hour 5) Strangers pose the greatest risk of sexual abuse to children. a) True b) False 6) Child molesters get their sexual gratification only from children. a) True b) False 9 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect PG – 2-3
- 10. Activity: Childhelp USA’s® Pre-Quiz 7. The average age that child molesters first attack a child is when the molesters are a) In their early 20s b) Middle-aged c) In their teens 10 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect PG – 2-3
- 11. Activity: Childhelp USA’s® Pre-Quiz 8. Which of the following actions can help stop child abuse and neglect? a)Helping a stressed-out parent by baby-sitting, making a meal for their family, or lending an understanding ear. b)Learning the signs and symptoms of child abuse so you can recognize them when you see the “red flags.” c)Reporting known or suspected child abuse to the police or local child protective services agency. d)All of the above. 11 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect PG – 2-3
- 12. Learning Definitions 1. Child 2. Child Abuse 3. Physical Abuse 4. Sexual Abuse 5. Verbal Abuse 6. Institutional Abuse or Neglect 7. Neglect 8. Emotional Neglect 9. Harm 10. Inadequate Supervision 11. Lack of Adequate Shelter 12 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect PG – 4-5 12. Lack of Adequate Clothing/Good Hygiene 13. Lack of Adequate Nutrition 14. Lack of Dental/Medical Care 15. Lack of Love and Attention (Failure to Thrive) 16. Lack of Providing Access to Education 17. Florida Abuse Hotline 18. Immunity
- 13. Types of Child Abuse Example of physical abuse For the 3rd time this week, Kevin got mud all over his clothes while he was playing outside. This made Kevin’s mother, Shelby, mad. She thought that putting him in hot bath water would punish him for the dirty clothes. He cried about taking a bath and cried even more when he was put in the bathtub with scalding hot water. Shelby kept her hand on Kevin’s shoulder. Every time he tried to get out of the water, Shelby would push him down. Shelby didn’t notice the scald marks until after the bath was over. PG – 6 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 13
- 14. Types of Child Abuse Another type of child abuse is sexual Casey has been at your facility for 3 years. He has been known to lie on several occasions. He comes from a family that has a wonderful reputation in the community. One day, Casey is crying. When you ask him what is wrong, he tells you that his dad made him take his clothes off and then he took a lot of pictures of him. Casey said Dad told him not to tell anyone about the pictures. He said Dad told him this was their special secret. PG – 6 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 14
- 15. Types of Child Abuse A third type of abuse is emotional Latoya is quiet and shy child. Lately, she has been talking even less. One day, she was in the housekeeping area when a cup was accidentally broken by one of the children. Latoya started crying. When you asked what was wrong, she told you it reminded her of when she broke her dad’s favorite cup one time. She said now her dad tells her every morning, when she is eating breakfast, that he doesn’t want her around anymore because she is bad and is too much trouble. When you ask if Dad hurts her, she says no. PG – 7 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 15
- 16. Key Point There are three types of child abuse: physical, sexual, and emotional. PG – 7 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 16
- 17. Shaken Baby Syndrome What can shaking a baby or young child cause? • permanent brain damage, paralysis, blindness, seizures, developmental delays, broken bones, death What can you do to prevent Shaken Baby Syndrome? • make sure those who care for young children know the dangers of shaking a baby; be careful during play or physical activity How can you cope with a crying baby or child? • take deep, slow breaths; take a break; ask for help; count to 10 PG – 8 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 17
- 18. Child Neglect Example of neglect Dad works a 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. job. Mom works from 11:00 p.m. until 7:00 a.m. as a nursing assistant. This schedule allows one parent to always be home to care for the children so they do not have to pay for child care. One day, Dad has to work a double shift. He will not be home until midnight. It is 10:00 p.m. and close to time for Mom to leave. She feels they can’t afford to pay someone to watch her 2- and 6-year-old children, even for a short time. She decides that the children can stay alone since they are asleep and Dad will be home in a couple of hours. PG – 9 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 18
- 19. Child Neglect Failure to provide support, acceptance, attention, warmth, supervision and normal living experience for a child is considered neglect. Withholding these things can cause a child to not function normally in performance and behavior. Sometimes withholding things can also be child abuse. Failure to Thrive can be an outcome of emotional abuse or emotional neglect. A lack of holding, hugging, rocking, singing, touching, and loving that occurs during infancy and early childhood can cause an infant’s or child’s weight to drop to below the fifth percentile. PG – 9 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 19
- 20. Key Point Failure to provide support, acceptance, attention, warmth, supervision, and normal living experiences for a child is considered neglect. PG – 9 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 20
- 21. Indicators of Abuse and Neglect Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 21 PG – 10-11
- 22. Key Point There are observable physical and behavioral indicators associated with abuse and neglect. PG – 11 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 22
- 23. Interaction with Child and Family What are some examples of things that might be observed or shared with you that could help you recognize the signs of abuse or neglect? • Parent blames or belittles the child • Parent talks about the child as bad or evil • Parent smells of alcohol/drugs or seems to be under the influence • Parent fails to keep appointments • Parent seems unconcerned with the child • Parent mentions financial problems • Parent talks about divorce, death, or illness • Parent admits to alcohol or substance abuse • Parent talks about domestic violence or shows signs of it PG – 12 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 23
- 24. Key Point Interaction with children and families provides information that may further help the caregiver in recognizing possible cases of abuse and/or neglect. PG – 13 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 24
- 25. Applying Your Knowledge Scenario 1: The correct answer is “Suspect Abuse and Neglect” The key indicators are: • There may be inadequate supervision. (Neglect) • There are unexplained bruises, welts, and burns. (Abuse) • The child displays withdrawn behavior. (Abuse) 25 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect PG – 13
- 26. Applying Your Knowledge Scenario 2: The correct answer is “Suspect Abuse and Neglect” The key indicators are: • The child has an unexplained injury. (Abuse) • The child may have an unattended physical problem or need. (Neglect) • The child gives an unusual reaction and response to your question. (Abuse or Neglect) 26 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect PG – 14
- 27. Applying Your Knowledge Scenario 3: The correct answer is “Suspect Abuse” The key indicators are: • The child displays withdrawn behavior. (Abuse) • The child is weary of adult contact. (Abuse) • The child has obvious bruises and welts. (Abuse) • The child reports injuries by parents. (Abuse) 27 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect PG – 14
- 28. Applying Your Knowledge Scenario 4: The correct answer is “Suspect Neglect” The key indicators are: • The child is consistently hungry. (Neglect) • The child lags in physical development; he is extremely thin. (Neglect) 28 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect PG – 15
- 29. Applying Your Knowledge Scenario 5: The correct answer is “Suspect Abuse and Neglect” The key indicators are: • The child displays behavioral indicators; she is angry and will not play with her friend. (Abuse or Neglect) • The child wears long sleeves and pants in warm weather. (Abuse or Neglect) 29 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect PG – 15
- 30. Applying Your Knowledge Scenario 6: The correct answer is “Suspect Neglect” The key indicators are: • The child has unattended physical problems or medical needs. (Neglect – Lack of Medical Attention) 30 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect PG – 16
- 31. Applying Your Knowledge Scenario 7: The correct answer is “Suspect Abuse and Neglect” The key indicators are: • A child has reported being forced to stand in a dark closet. (Abuse or Neglect) • The children are crying after being yelled at by a caregiver. (Abuse - Institutional) 31 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect PG – 16
- 32. What is Human Trafficking? Human trafficking is the use of any person under the age of 18 for sexual purposes in exchange for—or for the promise of—money, goods, or services by a non-caregiver. • Examples of Human Trafficking • Indicators of Human Trafficking Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 32 PG – 17
- 33. Key Point Child care professionals need to be aware of the indicators of human trafficking in order to protect the safety of children. 33 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect PG – 17
- 34. Risk Factors of Child Abuse and Neglect • Child Risk Factors • Parental/Family Risk Factors • Social/Environmental Risk Factors PG – 18 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 34
- 35. Key Point There are child, family, and environmental factors that place children at risk for abuse and/or neglect. PG – 18 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 35
- 36. Misconceptions 1. Myth 2. Fact 3. Myth 4. Fact 5. Myth 6. Myth 7. Fact 8. Fact 9. Myth 36 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect PG – 19
- 37. Effects of Child Abuse and Neglect The effects of child abuse and neglect can be serious and permanently affect children’s cognitive, physical, and emotional development. Recent scientific studies of the brain reveal that the first years of a child’s life are critical to development. A child must receive adequate stimulation to ensure that nerve cells in the brain develop fully. Negative experiences, like trauma or abuse, are extremely detrimental in early years. The effects of abuse on a child can begin before a mother even gives birth. PG – 20 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 37
- 38. The Impact of Trauma, Abuse, and Neglect: • Extreme anxiety • Depression • Inability to form healthy relationships • Memory loss • Short attention span • Easily distracted • Poor self esteem • Sleeping or eating disorders PG – 20 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 38 Effects of Child Abuse and Neglect
- 39. Effects of Child Abuse and Neglect on Child, Family, Caregiver, and Society Experiences throughout childhood can impair mental abilities that may cause a child to respond with aggression or violence to stressful or frustrating situations. The physical and emotional consequences of child abuse and neglect affect the child, family, caregiver, community, and society. PG – 21 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 39
- 40. Key Point The effects of child abuse and neglect can be serious and permanent to a child’s cognitive, physical, and emotional development. PG – 21 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 40
- 41. Strengthening Factors to Prevent Child Abuse and Neglect • Nurturing and attachment • Knowledge of parenting and of child and youth development • Parental resilience • Social connections • Concrete supports for parents PG – 22 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 41
- 42. Working with Abused and Neglected Children • Children who have been abused may not trust other people. Their experiences have shown them that getting close to people and trusting them causes discomfort and pain. • These children need a close one-to-one relationship to develop and grow normally. They often reject warmth, hugs, and affection at first. • They may be delayed in one or more areas of their development (motor, speech, and behavior). • Their behavior may be at one of two extremes: difficult to manage, destructive, and irritable; or unusually shy and anxious to please. • Abused and neglected children have very poor self-images. Important adults in their lives have had unrealistic expectations for these children, and they often are led to believe that they caused their own abuse. • Parents of abused children may feel that you are a threat. They may be hostile and ungrateful toward you since they feel jealous, in competition, inadequate, or afraid you will learn their secrets and report them. PG – 23 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 42
- 43. Key Point It takes understanding, patience, and skills to work with abused and neglected children. PG – 23 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 43
- 44. Trauma-Informed Care • If a child in care is displaying behavioral or emotional issues and/or is developmentally delayed, emotional or physical trauma could be playing a role in the behavior. • Indicators of trauma in children ages birth to 5 • Triggers can cause a recurrence of symptoms, feelings, and behaviors. • Tips for helping children ages birth to 5 after a traumatic event PG – 24 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 44
- 45. Module 1 Summary You have achieved this module’s learning objectives if you can: •Identify and define terms associated with child abuse and neglect •Identify common physical and behavioral indicators of child abuse and neglect •Explain causes and risk factors of child abuse and neglect •Identify effects of child abuse and neglect PG – 25 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 45
- 46. Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect Module 2: Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 46
- 47. Module Goal and Learning Objectives Goal Participants will understand their role in reporting child abuse and neglect. Learning Objectives After successfully completing this module, you will be able to: • Explain the role of the caregiver in reporting suspected child abuse and neglect • Follow the requirements of reporting suspected child abuse and neglect according to Florida law • Identify community resources that provide support for abused and the abuser PG – 26 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 47
- 48. The History of Child Abuse Reporting • The first child abuse case was reported in 1873 • Mary-Ellen was 9 years old • Mrs. Wheeler appealed to the ASPCA that children were members of the animal kingdom and must therefore be protected • Mary-Ellen is considered the very first child abuse case in North America Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 48 PG – 27
- 49. Who is Mandated to Report Abuse? Section 39.201, Florida Statutes (F.S.) states all Floridians must report any child abuse, abandonment, and/or neglect they suspect. Failure to report is a third degree felony in the State of Florida. PG – 28 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 49
- 50. Who is Mandated to Report Abuse? Persons in the following professions must provide their names when filing a report: • Physician, osteopathic physician, medical examiner, chiropractic physician, nurse, or hospital personnel engaged in the admission, examination, care, or treatment of persons; • Health or mental health professional other than one listed in subparagraph a; • Practitioner who relies solely on spiritual means for healing; • School teacher or other school official or personnel; • Social worker, day care center worker, or other professional child care, foster care, residential, or institutional worker; • Law enforcement officer; or • Judge. PG – 28 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 50
- 51. Who is Mandated to Report Abuse? • All child care professionals must provide their names when reporting suspicions of child abuse, abandonment, and/or neglect. • Pursuant to section 39.202, F.S., the names of reporters are held confidential except to specific individuals involved in carrying out the investigation. • Annually, a statement must be signed by child care professionals acknowledging their understanding of the laws for reporting suspicions of child abuse and neglect. PG – 28 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 51
- 52. Who is Mandated to Report Abuse? PG – 29 52
- 53. Key Point Every adult in Florida is required by law to report ANY suspected abuse or neglect. PG – 29 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 53
- 54. Key Point All child care professionals must provide their names when reporting suspicions of child abuse, abandonment, and/or neglect; everyone else can make an anonymous report, if they prefer. PG – 29 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 54
- 55. Key Point Failure to report suspected abuse or neglect is a third degree felony in the State of Florida. PG – 29 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 55
- 56. How to Make a Report As a Floridian and a child care provider, it is your duty and your legal responsibility according to Chapter 39 of the Florida Statutes to report any suspected case of child abuse or neglect. You don’t have to prove anything. That is the investigator’s job. There are 4 ways to make a report: •Online •Telephone (1-800-96ABUSE) •Florida Relay 7-1-1 or TTY •Fax PG – 30 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 56
- 57. How to Make a Report The Florida Abuse Hotline Fax Transmittal Form is used when you need to fax a report to the hotline. This form can also be used prior to making a phone call to review the information needed in a report. However, do not delay contacting the abuse hotline, even if you don’t have all of the information on this form. Be sure to note the section for Who, What, When and Why information. This is information you will need to have ready prior to making a report. Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 57 PG – 33
- 58. Key Point The four ways abuse and neglect reports can be made to the Florida Abuse Hotline are: online, telephone, Florida Relay/TTY, and fax. PG – 33 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 58
- 59. Practice Filling Out the Form 59 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect One of the children in your program, John, arrives one morning with a black eye. He is normally cheerful and animated, but today he is acting more quiet than usual. When questioned in the morning, he tells you that he fell off his bike the previous day. Later in the day, you hear him telling a co-worker that he fell down some stairs. John lives with his father, Ben, and an older brother, Steve, who is in high school and plays on the football team. John’s father is a mason and works very long hours; he is often in a hurry when he drops John off in the morning and picks him up in the afternoon. PG – 33
- 60. Key Point Florida law ensures that confidentiality will be maintained for child care workers reporting suspected cases of child abuse and/or neglect. PG – 34 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 60
- 61. Sharing with a Partner 1. Find a partner to work with. 2. With your partner, create a list of things to do if you are accused of child abuse or neglect. 3. Share the items on the list that are in place at your work site. 4. Next, discuss the items that you feel can be improved upon at your work site. 61 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect PG – 35
- 62. How to Handle Accusations of Child Abuse and Neglect • Don’t become defensive • Cooperate fully and factually with authorities • Get statements from colleagues about your character • Know the laws related to abuse and neglect • Talk to a lawyer to ensure your rights and those of family members and helpers • Remember that protective policies you have put in place such as your discipline procedures and incident reports will help you • Work with your director and colleagues to handle the impact of the accusation on the school, other parents and students PG – 35 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 62
- 63. Agencies/Resources Child Protective Services (CPS) is the designated social service agency (in most communities) to receive and investigate abuse reports and provide rehabilitation services to children and families with problems of child maltreatment. The agency is frequently located within larger public or private social service agencies, or within law enforcement agencies. The Department of Children and Families provides a spectrum of services to preserve and protect the well-being of children and families. Law Enforcement and State Attorney’s Offices investigate cases of child abuse and neglect and have victim advocacy programs to provide information and support through the legal system. PG – 36 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 63
- 64. Agencies/Resources Medical Programs and Community Agencies are places where staff members provide attention to victims of child abuse and neglect and provide counseling for the abused, the abuser, or family members. Legal Agencies provide divorce, domestic violence injunction, or Guardian ad Litem services. Communities have the responsibility to establish and maintain required resources and educate families and individuals on child abuse and neglect prevention. Individuals teach children about child abuse and neglect issues. You must be alert for signs of child abuse or neglect in children you know, give emotional support to victims of child abuse and neglect, and support programs that work to prevent child maltreatment. PG – 36-37 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 64
- 65. Key Point There are local community resources that provide help for abused children, their families, and abusers. PG – 37 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 65
- 66. Do’s and Don’ts for Child Caregivers • Don’t • Don’t • Do • Don’t • Do • Don’t • Do • Don’t • Do • Don’t • Do • Do • Don’t • Do 66 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect PG – 38
- 67. Key Point The Department of Children and Families’ child abuse website is a good source of information. PG – 39 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 67
- 68. Child Abuse and Neglect for Caregivers Listen to the video for who is mandated to report suspected cases, how to report, where to report, when to report, and what happens when a suspected case is not reported. Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 68 PG – 40
- 69. Reflection Think about and reflect on things you have heard or discussed in this module. Write down one thing you were unaware of before starting this module and one thing you are thinking about differently or planning to do differently. 69 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect PG – 40
- 70. Module 2 Summary You have achieved this module’s learning objectives if you can: •Explain the role of the caregiver in reporting suspected child abuse and neglect •Follow the requirements of reporting suspected child abuse and neglect according to Florida law •Identify community resources that provide support for abused and the abuser PG – 41 Identifying and Reporting Child Abuse and Neglect 70