1 Teaching mathematics-introduction (meaning, nature & values)
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1. Mathematics is defined as both the science of numbers and space, as well as the science of measurement, quantity and magnitude. 2. Mathematics has various values including utilitarian, cultural, social, recreational, disciplinary, intellectual, aesthetic, vocational, and moral values. 3. Key aims in teaching mathematics include enabling students to solve daily life problems, understand mathematics' role in culture and civilization, develop thinking and reasoning skills, and prepare students for further education and careers that involve mathematics.
1 Teaching mathematics-introduction (meaning, nature & values)
- 1. Teaching Mathematics (Meaning, Nature & Values) Dr.G.Jaganmohana Rao Faculty of Education MITE, Kohima
- 2. Etymological Meaning: The term “Mathematics” is derived from two Greek words: ‘Manthanein’ means ‘learning’ & ‘Techne’ means ‘an art (or) technique’, i.e Mathematics means the art of learning related to disciplines (or) facilities. Mathematics Techne An art/Technique Mathanein Learning
- 3. Definitions: Kant: “Mathematics is the indispensable instrument of all physical resources.” C.F.Gauss: “Mathematics is the queen of science and Arithmetic is the queen of all Mathematics.” Bacon: “Mathematics is the gateway and key to all science.” The dictionary meaning of Mathematics is that, “It is the science of number (or) space” (OR) “The science of measurement, quantity and magnitude”
- 4. Nature of Mathematics: 1. It is a science of number and space 2. It has its own language in terms of signs, symbols, operations etc. 3. It helps in drawing conclusions & interpreting various ideas and themes. 4. It is suited for dealing with abstract concept of any kind. 5. It helps to solve problems of daily life. 6. It is a science of Discovery 7. It is the subject of logical sequence 8. It is the science of precision & accuracy 9. It deals with generalization and classification 10. Its learning always proceeds from simple to complex.
- 5. General Aims in Teaching Mathematics: • To enable the students to solve mathematical problems of daily life. • To enable the students to understand the contribution of mathematics to the development of culture and civilisation. • To develop thinking and reasoning power of the students. • To prepare a sound foundation needed for various vocations. Mathematics is needed in various professions such as those of engineers, bankers, scientists, accountants, statisticians etc. • To prepare the child for further learning in mathematics and the related fields. School mathematics should also aim at preparing him for higher learning in mathematics. • To develop in the child desirable habits and attitudes like habit of hard work, self- reliance, concentration and discovery. • To give the child an insight into the relationship of different topics and branches of the subject. • To develop in the child rational and scientific attitude towards life.
- 6. Importance of Mathematics in daily life: • It is good for the brain • It promotes wisdom • It helps to develop the ability to thinking and regioning • It helps you with your finances/budget • Better problem-solving skills • Every career uses mathematics • Helps you understand the world better • Time management and discipline • It can make you more popular • It is a universal language • Mathematics in Our Everyday Life
- 8. Values in teaching of Mathematics. Utilitarian Value Disciplinary Value Intellectual Value Cultural Value Moral Value Aesthetic Value Social Value Recreational Value International Value Vocational Value
- 9. Utilitarian Value: One cannot do without the use of fundamental processes of this subject in daily life. A common man can get on sometimes very well without learning how to read and write, but he can never pull on without learning how to count and calculate. The knowledge of its fundamental processes and the skill to use them are the preliminary requirements of a human being these days. Cultural Value: The understanding of the world in which we live, of the civilization to which we belong and of the culture of which we are very profound, requires the understanding of scientific ands social principles the development of which he depends, in turn, upon mathematics principles. It has been truly said that “Mathematics is the mirror of civilization.” Mathematics has got its cultural value, and this value is steadily increasing day by day. It helped man to overcome difficulties in the way of his progress.
- 10. Social Value: Mathematics plays an important role in the organization and maintenance of our social structure. Society is the result of the inter-relations of individuals. It consists of big and small groups within each group. Mathematics enables us to understand the inter-relations of individuals and the possibilities of various groups. Recreational Value: Mathematics as a subject has also lots of scope of recreational activities. Mathematics leads in developing of different interest and habits which further leads for recreational activities. It also help in planning different leisure time games, healthy practices, managing a function, planning a trip, field study, etc. Disciplinary Value: Mathematics has also to be taught for its disciplinary and intellectual value. It has to aim at providing training to the mind of the learner and developing intellectual habits in them. Mathematical knowledge is exact, real and pure. It trains and disciplines the mind. It develops powers of reasoning and thinking, and reduces reliance on rote memory.
- 11. Intellectual Value: Mathematics has introduced us to new ways of thinking and reasoning. Scientific knowledge helps to sharpen our intellect & promotes intellectual honesty. Aesthetic Value: Knowledge of mathematics develops in man a passion for truth & thus he has a passion for beauty. The English Poet Keats has said, “Truth is Beauty.” Science is basically unfolding of the mysteries of nature & nature is a store house of all the beautiful things. Vocational Value: In present age all the vocation need the knowledge of mathematics more ever there are large no of vocations for which study of mathematics is compulsory requirement. Moral Value: Knowledge of mathematics develops in us truthfulness & reasoning. These qualities are desirable in all human beings. These qualities make the life worth living. This could be possible with the teaching of mathematics.