This document summarizes the history and development of Groovy from 2003 to 2012 in 3 sentences or less:
Groovy was created in 2003 and initially focused on adding closures and markup builders to Java, with additional features like templates and XML parsing added through 2004. Over the following years Groovy expanded to include tools like Gant, mocking, JSON builders, and annotations. By 2012 Groovy had become a popular and widely used JVM language with many features and tools for building applications.